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Owing to [[Rákóczi's War of Independence]] (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the [[Military Frontier]] of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]] was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to [[Imperial Russia]] in the latter's struggle against the [[Ottomans]]. Prior to the beginning of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1710–11)]] Russian Emperor [[Peter the Great]] invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.
Owing to [[Rákóczi's War of Independence]] (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the [[Military Frontier]] of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]] was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to [[Imperial Russia]] in the latter's struggle against the [[Ottomans]]. Prior to the beginning of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1710–11)]] Russian Emperor [[Peter the Great]] invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.


Albanez travelled to St. Petersburg with a [[Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral|Montenegrin]] delegation that was sent in 1711<ref name=IS-RAN/> together with ''vojvoda'' Slavuj Đaković, the third delegation sent to Russia by [[Danilo I, Metropolitan of Cetinje|metropolitan Danilo]].<ref name="Raspopović1996"/> Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the [[Pruth River Campaign]] (1710–11),<ref name="Petrović1941"/> where he distinguished himself.<ref name="KirályRothenberg1979"/> He became known by the pseudonym ''Albanez''.<ref name="VukovićIvanović1984"/><ref name="Matkovski1985"/> On 3 March 1711, Russian emperor [[Peter the Great]] called on the Balkan Christians to join Russia's fight against the Ottomans through a manifest written by Herzegovinian-born Russian count [[Sava Vladislavich]]. On the orders of count Vladislavich, Albanez and colonel [[Mihailo Miloradovich]] were sent back to Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. Albanez's instructions were to reach Montenegro via [[Moldavia]] and grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk. The duo disembarked in [[Grbalj]] and proceded to [[Cetinje]], where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of metropolitan Danilo. They brought the two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in [[Serbian Cyrillic]] and signed by Peter the Great. They were read on [[Vidovdan]] at a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo in Cetinje. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.<ref name="Lopušina2015">{{cite book|author=Marko Lopušina|title=Špijuni majke Srbije|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbw1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12|year=2015|publisher=Agencija TEA BOOKS|isbn=978-86-6329-207-9|pages=12–}}</ref>
Albanez travelled to St. Petersburg with a [[Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral|Montenegrin]] delegation that was sent in 1711<ref name=IS-RAN/> together with ''vojvoda'' Slavuj Đaković, the third delegation sent to Russia by [[Danilo I, Metropolitan of Cetinje|metropolitan Danilo]].<ref name="Raspopović1996"/> Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the [[Pruth River Campaign]] (1710–11),<ref name="Petrović1941"/> where he distinguished himself.<ref name="KirályRothenberg1979"/> He became known by the pseudonym ''Albanez''.<ref name="VukovićIvanović1984"/><ref name="Matkovski1985"/> On 3 March 1711, Russian emperor [[Peter the Great]] called on the Balkan Christians to join Russia's fight against the Ottomans through a manifest written by Herzegovinian-born Russian count [[Sava Vladislavich]]. On the orders of count Vladislavich, Albanez and colonel [[Mihailo Miloradović]] were sent back to Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. Albanez's instructions were to reach Montenegro via [[Moldavia]] and grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk. The duo disembarked in [[Grbalj]] and proceded to [[Cetinje]], where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of metropolitan Danilo. They brought the two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in [[Serbian Cyrillic]] and signed by Peter the Great. They were read on [[Vidovdan]] at a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo in Cetinje. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.<ref name="Lopušina2015">{{cite book|author=Marko Lopušina|title=Špijuni majke Srbije|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbw1CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT12|year=2015|publisher=Agencija TEA BOOKS|isbn=978-86-6329-207-9|pages=12–}}</ref>


Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment.<ref name="Лалић2005">{{cite book|last=Дашић|first=Миомир|title=Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXUiAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Српско-украjинско друштво|page=76}}</ref> In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the [[Pomorišje]] and [[Potisje]] regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.<ref name="Cerović2002">{{cite book|last=Cerović|first=Ljubivoje|title=Srbi u Ukrajini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gL0WAQAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Muzej Vojvodine|page=30}}</ref> The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.<ref name=":0" /> Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.<ref name="Matkovski1985">{{cite book|last=Matkovski|first=Aleksandar|title=Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LlYYAAAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Misla|page=164|quote=За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех}}</ref> On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the [[Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)|Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia]] that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|title=Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-oJAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Srpska književna zadruga|pages=234, 235}}</ref> According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.<ref name=":0" /> They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established [[Serb Hussar Regiment]].<ref name="Cerović2002"/>
Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment.<ref name="Лалић2005">{{cite book|last=Дашић|first=Миомир|title=Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXUiAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Српско-украjинско друштво|page=76}}</ref> In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the [[Pomorišje]] and [[Potisje]] regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.<ref name="Cerović2002">{{cite book|last=Cerović|first=Ljubivoje|title=Srbi u Ukrajini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gL0WAQAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Muzej Vojvodine|page=30}}</ref> The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.<ref name=":0" /> Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.<ref name="Matkovski1985">{{cite book|last=Matkovski|first=Aleksandar|title=Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LlYYAAAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Misla|page=164|quote=За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех}}</ref> On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the [[Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)|Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia]] that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|title=Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-oJAQAAIAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Srpska književna zadruga|pages=234, 235}}</ref> According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.<ref name=":0" /> They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established [[Serb Hussar Regiment]].<ref name="Cerović2002"/>

Revision as of 21:33, 12 April 2017

Jovan Albanez
Native name
Јован Албанез
Bornsecond half of the 17th century
Podgorica
Diedc. 1732
Russian Empire
Allegiance Russian Empire
Rankmajor (майор), captain (капитан)
CommandsSerb Hussar Regiment
Battles / warsPruth River Campaign

Jovan Albanez (Template:Lang-sr; fl. 1711–d. c. 1732) or Ivan Albanez (Serbian, Template:Lang-ru, Template:Lang-uk) c. 1732) was a military officer of Montenegrin Serb origin who led the first group of colonists from the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to the Russian Empire in the first half of the 18th century.

Early life

An ethnic Serb,[1] born in the second half of the 17th century[2] in Podgorica,[3] his real name was Mojsije Mitanović (Template:Lang-sr,[4][5] Template:Lang-ru[6]). He was originally an Orthodox monk.

Russian service

Owing to Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711), the position of Serbian militiamen in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy was endangered. In 1704 the first Serbian attempts were made to offer their services to Imperial Russia in the latter's struggle against the Ottomans. Prior to the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War (1710–11) Russian Emperor Peter the Great invited Serbian militiamen and Serbs in general to join the Russian forces.

Albanez travelled to St. Petersburg with a Montenegrin delegation that was sent in 1711[6] together with vojvoda Slavuj Đaković, the third delegation sent to Russia by metropolitan Danilo.[4] Albanez became a captain of a small Serb unit that took part in the Pruth River Campaign (1710–11),[1] where he distinguished himself.[3] He became known by the pseudonym Albanez.[5][7] On 3 March 1711, Russian emperor Peter the Great called on the Balkan Christians to join Russia's fight against the Ottomans through a manifest written by Herzegovinian-born Russian count Sava Vladislavich. On the orders of count Vladislavich, Albanez and colonel Mihailo Miloradović were sent back to Montenegro to ignite an anti-Ottoman revolt. Albanez's instructions were to reach Montenegro via Moldavia and grow a beard so he could pass as an Orthodox monk. The duo disembarked in Grbalj and proceded to Cetinje, where they were received by Luka Petrović, brother of metropolitan Danilo. They brought the two documents written by Sava Vladislavich in Serbian Cyrillic and signed by Peter the Great. They were read on Vidovdan at a Montenegrin church assembly held by metropolitan Danilo in Cetinje. The event marked the establishment of Montenegrin-Russian relations. They left Montenegro on 16 April, 1712.[8]

Peter the Great eventually decided to expand this Serb unit and turn it into a separate Serbian regiment.[9] In 1723 Peter the Great sent Albanez to the Pomorišje and Potisje regions of the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Monarchy to recruit additional Serbian militiamen.[10] The invitation letter carried by Albanez was signed by Peter the Great on 23 October 1723.[11] Every military man who emigrated to Russia with his wife and children would be granted arable land, while those who emigrated with larger numbers of people were promised additional privileges. Albanez was quite successful with recruitment.[7] On 5 May 1724, Albanez reported from the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia that he had recruited ten officers, including one colonel.[11] According to some sources, 459 Serbs emigrated to Russia in 1724, and 600 in 1725. A detailed list of the military unit commanded by Albanez was made in 1726.[11] They formed a small military unit commanded by Albanez and referred to as the Serb Command. In 1727 Albanez was appointed the first commander of the newly established Serb Hussar Regiment.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Petrović, Mihailo (1941). Đerdapski ribolovi u prošlosti i u sadašnjosti. Izd. Zadužbine Mikh. R. Radivojeviča. p. 11. У Молдави над Прутом је у руској* војсци учествовао и капетан Јован Албанез, по Орфелину родом Србин из Подгорице.24) Он је командовао над једним омањим оделењем војника, које су сви у армији називали малоруским ...
  2. ^ Лесковац, Младен; Forišković, Aleksandar; Popov, Čedomir (2004). Српски биографски речник: А-Б. Vol. I. Будућност. p. 7. ISBN 978-86-83651-49-8.
  3. ^ a b Király, Béla K.; Rothenberg, Gunther Erich (1979). Special Topics and Generalizations on the 18th and 19th Centuries. Brooklyn College Press. p. 312. ISBN 978-0-930888-04-6.
  4. ^ a b Radoslav M. Raspopović (1996). Дипломатија Црне Горе: 1711-1918. Историјски институт Црне Горе. p. 32.
  5. ^ a b Čedo Vuković; Radomir V. Ivanović (1984). Mihailu Laliću u počast: zbornik radova. Prosveta. p. 14.
  6. ^ a b Институт славяноведения (Российская академия наук) (2003). Славянские народы Юго-Восточной Европы и Россия в XVIII в. Наука.
  7. ^ a b Matkovski, Aleksandar (1985). Makedonskiot polk vo Ukraina. Misla. p. 164. За остварување на оваа цел Јован „Албанез" бил испратен во Унгарија да врбува граничари и имал доста успех
  8. ^ Marko Lopušina (2015). Špijuni majke Srbije. Agencija TEA BOOKS. pp. 12–. ISBN 978-86-6329-207-9.
  9. ^ Дашић, Миомир (2005). Сеоба срба у Руско царство половином 18. века. Српско-украjинско друштво. p. 76.
  10. ^ a b Cerović, Ljubivoje (2002). Srbi u Ukrajini. Muzej Vojvodine. p. 30.
  11. ^ a b c Istorija srpskog naroda: knj. Srbi u XVIII veku (2 v.). Srpska književna zadruga. 1986. pp. 234, 235.

Sources

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