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[[Image:Ipertrofia miocardica.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Forensic post-mortem examination of a case of [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], showing thickening of the [[cardiac muscle]].]]
[[Image:Ipertrofia miocardica.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Forensic post-mortem examination of a case of [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], showing thickening of the [[cardiac muscle]].]]


'''Hypertrophy''' ([[IPA]] /haɪˈpɝːtrəfi/, from Greek ὑπέρ "excess" + τροφή "nourishment") is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component [[Cell (biology)|cells]].<ref name="Muscle Hypertrophy">{{cite web|last1=Hernandez|first1=Richard|last2=Kravitz|first2=Len|title=Skeletal muscle hypertrophy|url=https://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/hypertrophy.html|website=www.unm.edu}}</ref> It is distinguished from [[hyperplasia]], in which the cells remain approximately the same size but increase in number.<ref>Updated by Linda J. Vorvick. 8/14/15.[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003441.htm Hyperplasia]</ref> Although hypertrophy and hyperplasia are two distinct processes, they frequently occur together, such as in the case of the [[hormone|hormonally]]-induced proliferation and enlargement of the cells of the [[uterus]] during [[pregnancy]].
'''Hypertrophy''' ({{IPAc-en|h|aɪ|ˈ|p|ɝː|t|r|ə|f|i}}, from Greek ὑπέρ "excess" + τροφή "nourishment") is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component [[Cell (biology)|cells]].<ref name="Muscle Hypertrophy">{{cite web|last1=Hernandez|first1=Richard|last2=Kravitz|first2=Len|title=Skeletal muscle hypertrophy|url=https://www.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/hypertrophy.html|website=www.unm.edu}}</ref> It is distinguished from [[hyperplasia]], in which the cells remain approximately the same size but increase in number.<ref>Updated by Linda J. Vorvick. 8/14/15.[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003441.htm Hyperplasia]</ref> Although hypertrophy and hyperplasia are two distinct processes, they frequently occur together, such as in the case of the [[hormone|hormonally]]-induced proliferation and enlargement of the cells of the [[uterus]] during [[pregnancy]].


'''Eccentric hypertrophy''' is a type of hypertrophy where the walls and chamber of a hollow organ undergo growth in which the overall size and volume are enlarged. It is applied especially to the [[left ventricle]] of heart.<ref name=Kusumoto2004 >{{citation | last=Kusumoto | first=F. M. | year=2004 | title=Cardiovascular Pathophysiology | publisher=Hayes Barton Press | isbn=978-1-59377-189-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FHT_w_gUeK4C&pg=PA22&dq=Eccentric+hypertrophy&hl=en&ei=UxCWTYe_Kcqr8AOl6JQY&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Eccentric%20hypertrophy&f=falseC | pages=20–22 }}</ref> [[Sarcomere]]s are added in series, as for example in [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] (in contrast to [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], a type of [[concentric hypertrophy]], where sarcomeres are added in parallel).
'''Eccentric hypertrophy''' is a type of hypertrophy where the walls and chamber of a hollow organ undergo growth in which the overall size and volume are enlarged. It is applied especially to the [[left ventricle]] of heart.<ref name=Kusumoto2004 >{{citation | last=Kusumoto | first=F. M. | year=2004 | title=Cardiovascular Pathophysiology | publisher=Hayes Barton Press | isbn=978-1-59377-189-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FHT_w_gUeK4C&pg=PA22&dq=Eccentric+hypertrophy&hl=en&ei=UxCWTYe_Kcqr8AOl6JQY&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Eccentric%20hypertrophy&f=falseC | pages=20–22 }}</ref> [[Sarcomere]]s are added in series, as for example in [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] (in contrast to [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], a type of [[concentric hypertrophy]], where sarcomeres are added in parallel).

Revision as of 01:16, 11 August 2017

Hypertrophy
-plasia and -trophy
  • Abiotrophy (loss in vitality of organ or tissue)
  • Atrophy (reduced functionality of an organ, with decrease in the number or volume of cells)
  • Hypertrophy (increase in the volume of cells or tissues)
  • Hypotrophy (decrease in the volume of cells or tissues)
  • Dystrophy (any degenerative disorder resulting from improper or faulty nutrition)
Forensic post-mortem examination of a case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, showing thickening of the cardiac muscle.

Hypertrophy (/haɪˈpɜːrtrəfi/, from Greek ὑπέρ "excess" + τροφή "nourishment") is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells.[1] It is distinguished from hyperplasia, in which the cells remain approximately the same size but increase in number.[2] Although hypertrophy and hyperplasia are two distinct processes, they frequently occur together, such as in the case of the hormonally-induced proliferation and enlargement of the cells of the uterus during pregnancy.

Eccentric hypertrophy is a type of hypertrophy where the walls and chamber of a hollow organ undergo growth in which the overall size and volume are enlarged. It is applied especially to the left ventricle of heart.[3] Sarcomeres are added in series, as for example in dilated cardiomyopathy (in contrast to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a type of concentric hypertrophy, where sarcomeres are added in parallel).

See also

References

  1. ^ Hernandez, Richard; Kravitz, Len. "Skeletal muscle hypertrophy". www.unm.edu.
  2. ^ Updated by Linda J. Vorvick. 8/14/15.Hyperplasia
  3. ^ Kusumoto, F. M. (2004), Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Hayes Barton Press, pp. 20–22, ISBN 978-1-59377-189-8
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