North China Transportation Company: Difference between revisions

North China Transportation Co., Ltd.
華北交通株式会社
	File:Kahokukotsu-logo.png
	A bus of the North China Transportation Company
Native name	華北交通株式会社
Romanized name	Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha; Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè
Company type	Kabushiki kaisha
Industry	Railway, Transportation
Founded	1938
Defunct	1945
Headquarters	Beijing, Provisional Republic of China
Area served	east-central China
Services	Railway transport, Bus transport
Total equity	50 million yen
Number of employees	110,000

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The North China Transportation Company (華北交通株式会社, Japanese: Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha, Chinese: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè) was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation. A subsidiary of the South Manchuria Railway with its headquarters in Beijing, it was established in 1938 to manage railways and busses in the area of northern China occupied by Japan during the Sino-Japanese War. It was liquidated in 1945 following Japan's defeat in the Pacific War. It employed 110,000 people, of which 70% were Chinese.

Routes

Boshan Line (博山線) Zhangdian-Boshan (張店～博山)
Hongshan Line (黌山線) Zichuan-Hongshan (淄川～黌山)
Jiaoji Trunk Line (膠済幹線) Qingdao-Jinan (青島～済南)
Jingbao Trunk Line (京包幹線) Beijing-Baotou (北京～包頭)[1]
Jinggu Trunk Line (京古幹線) Beijing-Gubeikou（北京～古北口)
Jinghan Trunk Line (京漢幹線) Beijing-Hankou (北京～漢口)
Jingshan Line (京山線) Beijing-Shanhaiguan (北京～山海関)
Jinpu Trunk Line (津浦幹線) Tianjin-Xuzhou (天津～徐州)
Longhai Trunk Line (隴海幹線) Lianyun-Kaifeng (連雲～開封)
Shimen Trunk Line (石門幹線) Shimen-Dexian (石門～徳縣)
Shitai Trunk Line (石太幹線) Shimen-Taiyuan (石門～太原)
Tongpu Trunk Line (同蒲幹線) Datong-Puzhou [zh] (大同～蒲州)

Rolling Stock

Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the South Manchuria Railway between 1938 and 1945.

Locomotives

Class	Numbers	Original owner	Original class & numbers	Wheel arr.	Builder	Total in class	Year built	Notes
マレイ Marei	15xx	?	?	0-6-6-0	North British	4	1908
マレニ Mareni	15xx	?	?	2-4-4-2	Baldwin	4	1911
マレサ Maresa	15xx	?	?	2-8-8-2	ALCo	7	1914	Superheated.
マレシ Mareshi	15xx	?	?	2-8-8-2	ALCo	7	1921	Largest steam locomotives exported from the United States.
ミカイ Mikai	1501−1520 1521−1769	MNR new for NCTC	ミカナ16718−16736, 16739 --	2-8-2	Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Sifang	270	1938 1939−1945	"New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). First 20 transferred from Manchukuo National Railway.^[1]
ミカコ Mikako	incl. 1572	Jichang Railway	?	2-8-2	Kawasaki	?	1923−1928	Transferred from Manchukuo National
ミカロ Mikaro	1501−1505 1506−1620	MNR new for NCTC	ミカロ640–644 --	2-8-2	Kisha Seizō, others	120	1938−1944	First five transferred from Manchukuo National in 1938. 72 of the 115 new for NCTC were built by Kisha Seizō in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944.
ミカナ Mikana (1)	15xx	Jingfeng Railway	201−221?	2-8-2	North British, Tangshan Arsenal	21+	1913−1924	Some also US-built as well.^[2]
ミカナ Mikana (2)	158x 15xx	Jinpu Railway Zhegan Ry	MK xxx ?	2-8-2	ALCo Baldwin	50 20	1918–1937	^[2]
ミカナ Mikana (3)	15xx	Jingfeng Railway	301−346	2-8-2	ALCo	46	1922	^[2]
ミカハ Mikaha	15xx	new for NCTC	--	2-8-2	Škoda	?	1939	^[3]
パシロ Pashiro	1501−1512 1533−1589	MNR new for NCTC	パシロ566–569, 571–578 --	2-8-2	Kawasaki, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi Kawasaki	12 57	1937 1941–1944	Superheated express passenger locomotives. First 12 transferred from Manchukuo National.
パシサ Pashisa	1501–1520 1521–1550	new for NCTC	--	2-8-2	Hitachi Kisha Seizō	20 30	1938 1939−1940	"New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ)
プレロ Purero	1501−1529~	?	?	2-6-2T	North British	>29	1896	^[4]

A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company.

Services

The North China Transportation Company ran a number of long-distance trains, both within China and in conjunction with the South Manchuria Railway and the Chosen Government Railway. Notable trains include the "Tairiku" ("Continental") and "Kōa" limited express trains between Beijing and Busan, Korea. The "Tairiku" entered service in 1938, making the trip from Busan to Beijing in 37.5 hours in 1940; the train was discontinued in 1944. The observation car used on this train is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The "Kōa" was put into operation in 1939, making the same trip in 39.5 hours in 1940, but by 1945 the trip took 49 hours. The "Kōa" was discontinued after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.

References

^ Kokubu, Hayato. 将軍様の鉄道 [Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō] (in Japanese). 新潮社 (Shinchosha). p. 107. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c 解放型蒸汽机车
^ JF13型蒸汽机车
^ http://rail.hobidas.com/blog/natori09/archives/2006/06/

[Hayato-1] Kokubu, Hayato. 将軍様の鉄道 [Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō] (in Japanese). 新潮社 (Shinchosha). p. 107. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6.

[baike-2] 解放型蒸汽机车

[3] JF13型蒸汽机车

[4] ttp://rail.hobidas.com/blog/natori09/archives/2006/06/

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 ==Rolling Stock==
-[[File:Northchinatpt-pashisa1523.png|thumb|Builder's photo of North China Transportation Co. locomotive Pashisa1523, built by Kisha Seizo, 1939]]
-[[File:Northchinatpt-pashiro1532.png|thumb|Builder's photo of North China Transportation Co. locomotive Pashiro1532, built by Kawasaki, 1941]]
-[[File:Purero1529.jpg|thumb|Steam locomotive Purero1529 of the North China Transportation Company, built by North British, 1896.]]
-[[File:Kahokukotsu-boxcar.jpg|thumb|A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company.]]
 Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the [[South Manchuria Railway]] between 1938 and 1945.
 ===Locomotives===
-* '''[[China Railways ML1|Marei]]''' class: 6-6 articulated tender locomotives, four built in 1908 by [[North British Locomotive Company]].
-* '''[[China Railways ML2|Mareni]]''' class: 2-4-4-2 articulated tender locomotives, four built in 1911 by the [[Baldwin Locomotive Works]].
+{| class="wikitable"
-* '''[[China Railways ML3|Maresa]]''' class: 2-8-8-2 articulated superheated tender locomotives, seven built in 1914 by [[American Locomotive Company|ALCO]].
+|-
-* '''[[China Railways ML4|Mareshi]]''' class: 2-8-8-2 articulated superheated tender locomotives, seven built in 1921 by ALCO; they were the largest steam locomotives exported from the [[United States of America|United States]].
+! Class !! Numbers !! Original owner !! Original<br/>class & numbers !! Wheel<br/>arr. !! Builder !! Total<br/>in class !! Year built !! Image !! Notes
-* '''[[China Railways JF1|Mikai]]''' class: 2-8-2 Mainline freight locomotives (numbers ミカイ1501-1769); estimated 250 built for NCTC between 1939 and 1945 by [[Kisha Seizo|Kisha Seizō]], [[Nippon Sharyo|Nippon Sharyō]], [[Hitachi]], [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]] and [[CSR Sifang Co Ltd.|Sifang]], along with twenty transferred from [[Manchukuo National Railway]]. <ref name="Hayato">{{cite book| last=Kokubu| first=Hayato| title=将軍様の鉄道| trans-title= Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō| publisher= 新潮社 (Shinchosha)| page=107| isbn=978-4-10-303731-6| language=ja}}</ref>
+|-
-* '''[[China Railways JF6|Mikaro]]''' class: 2-8-2 Freight locomotives for secondary lines. Estimated 120 built for NCTC in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944 by Kisha Seizō. Became [[China Railways JF6|China Railways MK6 (JF6 from 1959)]] class.
+| [[China Railways ML1|マレイ<br/>Marei]] || 15xx || ? || ? || [[0-6-6-0]] || [[North British Locomotive Company|North British]] || 4 || 1908 || ||
-* '''[[China Railways JF7|Mikana]]''' class: 2-8-2 Freight locomotives taken over from the [[Jingfeng Railway]].<ref name="baike">[https://baike.baidu.com/item/解放型蒸汽机车 解放型蒸汽机车]</ref>
+|-
-* '''[[China Railways SL6|Pashiro]]''' class: 4-6-2 superheated tender locomotives for express passenger trains, twelve built by Kawasaki for [[Mantetsu]] in 1938 transferred to NCTC (numbers パシロ1501-1512), further 57 built for NCTC by Kawasaki in 1941 (numbers パシロ1533-1589). Became China Railways class PX6 (SL6 from 1959).
+| [[China Railways ML2|マレニ<br/>Mareni]] || 15xx || ? || ? || [[2-4-4-2]] || [[Baldwin Locomotive Works|Baldwin]] || 4 || 1911 || ||
-* '''[[China Railways SL3|Pashisa]]''' class: 4-6-2 tender locomotives for passenger trains identical to the "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ) of the [[Manchukuo National Railway]], 50 built in 1939-1940 by Kisha Seizō and [[Hitachi]] (numbers パシサ1501-1550). Became China Railways class PX3 (SL3 from 1959).
+|-
-* '''[[China Railways PL8|Purero]]''' class: 2-6-2 tank locomotives built by [[North British]] in 1896. Became China Railways class PL8.
+| [[China Railways ML3|マレサ<br/>Maresa]] || 15xx || ? || ? || [[2-8-8-2]] || [[American Locomotive Company|ALCo]] || 7 || 1914 || || Superheated.
+|-
+| [[China Railways ML4|マレシ<br/>Mareshi]] || 15xx || ? || ? || [[2-8-8-2]] || ALCo || 7 || 1921 || || Largest steam locomotives exported from the [[United States of America|United States]].
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF1|ミカイ<br/>Mikai]] || 1501−1520<br/>1521−1769 || [[Manchukuo National Railway|MNR]]<br/>{{nowrap|new for NCTC}} || {{nowrap|ミカナ16718−16736, 16739}}<br/> -- || [[2-8-2]] || [[Kisha Seizo|Kisha Seizō]], [[Nippon Sharyo|Nippon&nbsp;Sharyō]], [[Hitachi]], [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]], [[CSR Sifang Co Ltd.|Sifang]] || 270 || 1938<br/>1939−1945 || [[File:Mnr-mikana6782 (mikai583).png|100px]] || "New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). First 20 transferred from Manchukuo National Railway.<ref name="Hayato">{{cite book| last=Kokubu| first=Hayato| title=将軍様の鉄道| trans-title= Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō| publisher= 新潮社 (Shinchosha)| page=107| isbn=978-4-10-303731-6| language=ja}}</ref>
+|-
+|  [[China Railways JF5|ミカコ<br/>Mikako]] || incl. 1572 || [[Jichang Jidun Railway|Jichang Railway]] || ? || 2-8-2 || Kawasaki || ? || 1923−1928 || [[File:Nctc-mikako1572.jpg|100px]] || Transferred from Manchukuo National
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF6|ミカロ<br/>Mikaro]] || 1501−1505<br/>1506−1620 || MNR<br/>new for NCTC || ミカロ640–644<br/>-- || 2-8-2 || Kisha Seizō, others || 120 || 1938−1944 || [[File:Mnr-mikaro643.png|100px]] || First five transferred from Manchukuo National in 1938.<br/>72 of the 115 new for NCTC were built by Kisha Seizō in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944.
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF7|ミカナ<br/>Mikana]] (1) || 15xx || [[Jingfeng Railway]] || 201−221? || 2-8-2 || North British, [[Tangshan Arsenal]] || 21+ || 1913−1924 || [[File:Peipingmukdenry-221.jpg|100px]] || Some also [[United States of America|US]]-built as well.<ref name="baike">[https://baike.baidu.com/item/解放型蒸汽机车 解放型蒸汽机车]</ref>
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF11|ミカナ<br/>Mikana]] (2) || 158x<br/>15xx || [[Jinpu Railway]]<br/>[[Zhegan Railway|Zhegan Ry]] || MK xxx<br/>? || 2-8-2 || ALCo<br/>Baldwin || 50<br/>20 || 1918–1937 || [[File:Jinpury-mk-nctc-mikana158x.jpg|100px]] || <ref name="baike"/>
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF12|ミカナ<br/>Mikana]] (3) || 15xx || [[Jingfeng Railway]] || 301−346 || 2-8-2 || ALCo || 46 || 1922 || || <ref name="baike"/>
+|-
+| [[China Railways JF13|ミカハ<br/>Mikaha]] || 15xx || new for NCTC || -- || 2-8-2 || [[Škoda Works|Škoda]] || ? || 1939 || [[File:Jf13-3851.jpg|100px]] || <ref>[http://www.trainfanz.com/series_info.aspx?Series=14&msg=801 JF13型蒸汽机车]</ref>
+|-
+| [[China Railways SL6|パシロ<br/>Pashiro]] || 1501−1512<br/>1533−1589 || MNR<br/>new for NCTC || パシロ566–569, 571–578<br/>-- || 2-8-2 || Kawasaki, Nippon&nbsp;Sharyō, Hitachi<br/>Kawasaki || 12<br/>57 || 1937<br/>1941–1944 || [[File:Northchinatpt-pashiro1532.png|100px]] || Superheated express passenger locomotives. First 12 transferred from Manchukuo National.
+|-
+| [[China Railways SL3|パシサ<br/>Pashisa]] || 1501–1520<br/>1521–1550 || new for NCTC || -- || 2-8-2 || Hitachi<br/>Kisha Seizō || 20<br/>30 || 1938<br/>1939−1940 || [[File:Northchinatpt-pashisa1523.png|100px]] || "New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ)
+|-
+| [[China Railways PL8|プレロ<br/>Purero]] || 1501−1529~ || ? || ? || 2-6-2T || North British || >29 || 1896 || [[File:Purero1529.jpg|100px]] || <ref>http://rail.hobidas.com/blog/natori09/archives/2006/06/</ref>
+|}
+[[File:Kahokukotsu-boxcar.jpg|thumb|A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company.]]
 ==Services==