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Coordinates: 33°38′N 35°47′E / 33.633°N 35.783°E / 33.633; 35.783
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[[File:Joub jeneen.jpg|thumb|Joub Jannine. January 2015. Refugee camps in foreground.]]
[[File:Joub Jannine from hillside.jpg|thumb|Joub Jannine (July 2016)]]
[[File:TrihedralNeolithic.jpg|thumb|[[Trihedral Neolithic]] [[axe]] or pick from [[Joub Jannine II]], Lebanon. Cream [[flint]] patinated to brown. In the collection of the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]], [[Beirut]], Lebanon.]]
[[File:TrihedralNeolithic.jpg|thumb|[[Trihedral Neolithic]] [[axe]] or pick from [[Joub Jannine II]], Lebanon. Cream [[flint]] patinated to brown. In the collection of the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]], [[Beirut]], Lebanon.]]
'''Joub Jannine''' ({{Lang-ar|جب جنين}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''Jub Jannīn'') is located in the [[Beqaa Valley]] in [[Lebanon]].
'''Joub Jannine''' ({{Lang-ar|جب جنين}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''Jub Jannīn'') is located in the [[Beqaa Valley]] in [[Lebanon]].
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'''Joub Jannine I''' is a small surface site brought to the surface through erosional activity of a stream. It is 8&nbsp;km northeast of Qaraoun in a range of foothills, 1&nbsp;km north of a small village called [[Jebel Gharbi]], between two tracks, west of cote 878 by about 200 m. The site was found by Dubertret with a collection made by [[Henri Fleisch]] and [[Maurice Tallon]] that is now in the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]]. [[Flint]] tools found on the site included bifaces and rough pieces that were suggested to date to the [[Acheulean]].<ref name="CopelandWescombe1966">{{cite book|author1=L. Copeland|author2=P. Wescombe|title=Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon: North, South and East-Central Lebanon, p. 34-35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qhPRQwAACAAJ|accessdate=29 August 2011|year=1966|publisher=Impr. Catholique}}</ref><ref name="WendorfMarks1975">{{cite book|author1=Fred Wendorf|author2=Anthony E. Marks|title=Problems in prehistory: North Africa and the Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2krJIQ1fwcEC|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1975|publisher=SMU Press|isbn=978-0-87074-146-3}}</ref><ref>Besançon, J. et Hours, F., Préhistoire et géomorphologie : les formes du relief et les dépôts quaternaires dans la région de Joub Jannine (Béqaa méridionale, Liban). Hannon, Beyrouth, vol. V, p. 63-95, 1970</ref>
'''Joub Jannine I''' is a small surface site brought to the surface through erosional activity of a stream. It is 8&nbsp;km northeast of Qaraoun in a range of foothills, 1&nbsp;km north of a small village called [[Jebel Gharbi]], between two tracks, west of cote 878 by about 200 m. The site was found by Dubertret with a collection made by [[Henri Fleisch]] and [[Maurice Tallon]] that is now in the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]]. [[Flint]] tools found on the site included bifaces and rough pieces that were suggested to date to the [[Acheulean]].<ref name="CopelandWescombe1966">{{cite book|author1=L. Copeland|author2=P. Wescombe|title=Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon: North, South and East-Central Lebanon, p. 34-35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qhPRQwAACAAJ|accessdate=29 August 2011|year=1966|publisher=Impr. Catholique}}</ref><ref name="WendorfMarks1975">{{cite book|author1=Fred Wendorf|author2=Anthony E. Marks|title=Problems in prehistory: North Africa and the Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2krJIQ1fwcEC|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1975|publisher=SMU Press|isbn=978-0-87074-146-3}}</ref><ref>Besançon, J. et Hours, F., Préhistoire et géomorphologie : les formes du relief et les dépôts quaternaires dans la région de Joub Jannine (Béqaa méridionale, Liban). Hannon, Beyrouth, vol. V, p. 63-95, 1970</ref>


'''Joub Jannine II''' was first discovered by M. Billaux in 1957. It was described by [[Henri Fleisch]] as [[Neolithic]] in 1960.<ref name="Fleisch1960">Fleisch, Henri., Les industries lithiques récentes de la Békaa, République Libanaise, Acts of the 6th C.I.S.E.A., vol. XI, no. 1. Paris, 1960.</ref> It is located on the right bank of the [[Litani River]] northwest of the village, 100 m from the river and 100 m east of cote 861. An abundant amount of flint was collected including nine hundred and forty four tools and one hundred and fifty two cores.<ref name="WendorfMarks1975"/><ref name="PetragliaKorisettar1998">{{cite book|author1=Michael D. Petraglia|author2=Ravi Korisettar|title=Early human behaviour in global context: the rise and diversity of the Lower Paleolithic Period|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vPuer9Hnf5wC&pg=PA254|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1998|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-11763-0|pages=254–}}</ref> This was first reported to be a [[paleolithic]] industry by [[Lorraine Copeland]] and Peter Wescombe.<ref name="Hours1989">{{cite book|author=Francis Hours|title=Hommage à Francis Hours|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gIwSAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1989|publisher=Maison de l'Orient}}</ref> A highly specialized [[archaeological industry]] of striking spheroid and trihedral [[flint tools]] was found at the site and published by Fleisch in 1960, termed by Copeland and Wescombe as the [[Trihedral Neolithic]].<ref name="Fleisch1960"/> Little has been said about this industry or the ancient people that would have used these huge rock mauls (i.e. hammers) in this area, at the dawn of [[agriculture]], or what they would have been using them for.<ref name="CopelandWescombe1965">{{cite book|author1=Lorraine Copeland|author2=P. Wescombe|title=Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, p. 43|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YsRRwAACAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2011|year=1965|publisher=Imprimerie Catholique}}</ref>
'''Joub Jannine II''' was first discovered by M. Billaux in 1957. It was described by [[Henri Fleisch]] as [[Neolithic]] in 1960.<ref name="Fleisch1960">Fleisch, Henri., Les industries lithiques récentes de la Békaa, République Libanaise, Acts of the 6th C.I.S.E.A., vol. XI, no. 1. Paris, 1960.</ref> It is located on the right bank of the [[Litani River]] northwest of the village, 100 m from the river and 100 m east of cote 861. An abundant amount of flint was collected including nine hundred and forty four tools and one hundred and fifty two cores.<ref name="WendorfMarks1975" /><ref name="PetragliaKorisettar1998">{{cite book|author1=Michael D. Petraglia|author2=Ravi Korisettar|title=Early human behaviour in global context: the rise and diversity of the Lower Paleolithic Period|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vPuer9Hnf5wC&pg=PA254|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1998|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-11763-0|pages=254–}}</ref> This was first reported to be a [[paleolithic]] industry by [[Lorraine Copeland]] and Peter Wescombe.<ref name="Hours1989">{{cite book|author=Francis Hours|title=Hommage à Francis Hours|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gIwSAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=30 April 2011|year=1989|publisher=Maison de l'Orient}}</ref> A highly specialized [[archaeological industry]] of striking spheroid and trihedral [[flint tools]] was found at the site and published by Fleisch in 1960, termed by Copeland and Wescombe as the [[Trihedral Neolithic]].<ref name="Fleisch1960" /> Little has been said about this industry or the ancient people that would have used these huge rock mauls (i.e. hammers) in this area, at the dawn of [[agriculture]], or what they would have been using them for.<ref name="CopelandWescombe1965">{{cite book|author1=Lorraine Copeland|author2=P. Wescombe|title=Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, p. 43|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YsRRwAACAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2011|year=1965|publisher=Imprimerie Catholique}}</ref>


The material from Joub Jannine II was described by [[Lorraine Copeland]] as {{cquote|''Unique in Lebanon, except for isolated pieces at other sites, and consists of core-tools evidently made for a special purpose. (see Trihedral lithic pictured)''<ref name="CopelandWescombe1966"/>}}
The material from Joub Jannine II was described by [[Lorraine Copeland]] as {{cquote
|''Unique in Lebanon, except for isolated pieces at other sites, and consists of core-tools evidently made for a special purpose. (see Trihedral lithic pictured)''<ref name="CopelandWescombe1966"/>}}


'''Joub Jannine III''' (The Gardens) is a [[Heavy Neolithic]] site of the [[Qaraoun culture]], {{convert|1.5|km|mi}} south of the village along steep slopes and around the houses. It was discovered by [[Henri Fleisch]] and [[Maurice Tallon]] in 1957. An abundant amount of material was recovered, which included several large flakes and blades along with a finer series of rabots and scrapers that is now held in the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]]. No large bifaces were found at this site. The site may extend through the areas now turned into gardens. It was covered in [[crops]] in 1966.<ref name="Moore">{{cite book|last=Moore|first=A.M.T.|title=The Neolithic of the Levant|publisher=Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis|year=1978|pages=444–446|url=http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/185.html}}</ref>
'''Joub Jannine III''' (The Gardens) is a [[Heavy Neolithic]] site of the [[Qaraoun culture]], {{convert|1.5|km|mi}} south of the village along steep slopes and around the houses. It was discovered by [[Henri Fleisch]] and [[Maurice Tallon]] in 1957. An abundant amount of material was recovered, which included several large flakes and blades along with a finer series of rabots and scrapers that is now held in the [[Museum of Lebanese Prehistory]] at the [[Saint Joseph University]]. No large bifaces were found at this site. The site may extend through the areas now turned into gardens. It was covered in [[crops]] in 1966.<ref name="Moore">{{cite book|last=Moore|first=A.M.T.|title=The Neolithic of the Levant|publisher=Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis|year=1978|pages=444–446|url=http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/185.html}}</ref>
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==Tourism==
==Tourism==
⚫
[[File:Joub Jannine July 2016.jpg|left|thumb|A view of the Beqaa Valley from residential Joub Jannine (taken July 2016)]]




Joub Jannine is not really known for its tourism. However, it is home to one of the oldest bridges in Lebanon, called The Roman Bridge of Joub Jannine (built in 704 AD). Sadly, the bridge collapsed in 1943, but it was rebuilt with the same rocks and is currently identical to the bridge the Romans built. It is located at the entrance of Joub Jannine on Joub Jannine-Chtoura Rd.
Joub Jannine is not really known for its tourism. However, it is home to one of the oldest bridges in Lebanon, called The Roman Bridge of Joub Jannine (built in 704 AD). Sadly, the bridge collapsed in 1943, but it was rebuilt with the same rocks and is currently identical to the bridge the Romans built. It is located at the entrance of Joub Jannine on Joub Jannine-Chtoura Rd.

⚫
[[File:Joub Jannine July 2016.jpg|left|thumb|A view of the Beqaa Valley from residential Joub Jannine (taken July 2016)]]
[[File:Joub jeneen.jpg|thumb|Joub Jannine. January 2015. Refugee camps in foreground.]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:28, 19 September 2017

Joub Jannine
Joub Jannine City
Joub Jannine is located in Lebanon
Joub Jannine
Shown within Lebanon
Alternative nameJoub Jannine
LocationBeqaa Valley, Lebanon
Coordinates33°38′N 35°47′E / 33.63°N 35.78°E / 33.63; 35.78
Part ofSettlement
History
PeriodsTrihedral Neolithic, Heavy Neolithic, Neolithic
Site notes
ArchaeologistsHenri Fleisch
Conditionruins
Public accessYes
Joub Jannine (July 2016)
Trihedral Neolithic axe or pick from Joub Jannine II, Lebanon. Cream flint patinated to brown. In the collection of the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory at the Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.

Joub Jannine (Template:Lang-ar / ALA-LC: Jub Jannīn) is located in the Beqaa Valley in Lebanon.

Joub Jannine is the capital of West Beqaa. It is a city and the center of the Western Beqaa District, hosting the Serail, which is a main governmental building serving the area. Joub Jannine is surrounded by a number of villages. To the south there is the village of Lala, Ghazze to the north, Kamid al lawz to the east, and Kefraya, known for its wine grape vineyards, to the west.[1]

Archaeological sites

Joub Jannine I is a small surface site brought to the surface through erosional activity of a stream. It is 8 km northeast of Qaraoun in a range of foothills, 1 km north of a small village called Jebel Gharbi, between two tracks, west of cote 878 by about 200 m. The site was found by Dubertret with a collection made by Henri Fleisch and Maurice Tallon that is now in the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory at the Saint Joseph University. Flint tools found on the site included bifaces and rough pieces that were suggested to date to the Acheulean.[2][3][4]

Joub Jannine II was first discovered by M. Billaux in 1957. It was described by Henri Fleisch as Neolithic in 1960.[5] It is located on the right bank of the Litani River northwest of the village, 100 m from the river and 100 m east of cote 861. An abundant amount of flint was collected including nine hundred and forty four tools and one hundred and fifty two cores.[3][6] This was first reported to be a paleolithic industry by Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe.[7] A highly specialized archaeological industry of striking spheroid and trihedral flint tools was found at the site and published by Fleisch in 1960, termed by Copeland and Wescombe as the Trihedral Neolithic.[5] Little has been said about this industry or the ancient people that would have used these huge rock mauls (i.e. hammers) in this area, at the dawn of agriculture, or what they would have been using them for.[8]

The material from Joub Jannine II was described by Lorraine Copeland as

Unique in Lebanon, except for isolated pieces at other sites, and consists of core-tools evidently made for a special purpose. (see Trihedral lithic pictured)[2]

Joub Jannine III (The Gardens) is a Heavy Neolithic site of the Qaraoun culture, 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) south of the village along steep slopes and around the houses. It was discovered by Henri Fleisch and Maurice Tallon in 1957. An abundant amount of material was recovered, which included several large flakes and blades along with a finer series of rabots and scrapers that is now held in the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory at the Saint Joseph University. No large bifaces were found at this site. The site may extend through the areas now turned into gardens. It was covered in crops in 1966.[9]


Tourism

A view of the Beqaa Valley from residential Joub Jannine (taken July 2016)


Joub Jannine is not really known for its tourism. However, it is home to one of the oldest bridges in Lebanon, called The Roman Bridge of Joub Jannine (built in 704 AD). Sadly, the bridge collapsed in 1943, but it was rebuilt with the same rocks and is currently identical to the bridge the Romans built. It is located at the entrance of Joub Jannine on Joub Jannine-Chtoura Rd.

Joub Jannine. January 2015. Refugee camps in foreground.

References

  1. ^ Robert Joseph (1 December 2006). Wine Travel Guide to the World. Footprint Travel Guides. pp. 346–. ISBN 978-1-904777-85-4. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  2. ^ a b L. Copeland; P. Wescombe (1966). Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon: North, South and East-Central Lebanon, p. 34-35. Impr. Catholique. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
  3. ^ a b Fred Wendorf; Anthony E. Marks (1975). Problems in prehistory: North Africa and the Levant. SMU Press. ISBN 978-0-87074-146-3. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  4. ^ Besançon, J. et Hours, F., Préhistoire et géomorphologie : les formes du relief et les dépôts quaternaires dans la région de Joub Jannine (Béqaa méridionale, Liban). Hannon, Beyrouth, vol. V, p. 63-95, 1970
  5. ^ a b Fleisch, Henri., Les industries lithiques récentes de la Békaa, République Libanaise, Acts of the 6th C.I.S.E.A., vol. XI, no. 1. Paris, 1960.
  6. ^ Michael D. Petraglia; Ravi Korisettar (1998). Early human behaviour in global context: the rise and diversity of the Lower Paleolithic Period. Routledge. pp. 254–. ISBN 978-0-415-11763-0. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  7. ^ Francis Hours (1989). Hommage à Francis Hours. Maison de l'Orient. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  8. ^ Lorraine Copeland; P. Wescombe (1965). Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, p. 43. Imprimerie Catholique. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
  9. ^ Moore, A.M.T. (1978). The Neolithic of the Levant. Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. pp. 444–446.

33°38′N 35°47′E / 33.633°N 35.783°E / 33.633; 35.783

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