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{{unreferenced|date=March 2009}}
{{Infobox Weapon
{{Infobox Weapon
|name= 12 cm Granatwerfer 42
|name= 12 cm Granatwerfer 42
|image=Granatwerfer 42 an der Ostfront.jpg
|image=Granatwerfer 42 an der Ostfront.jpg
|image_size=300
|caption= Granatwerfer 42 on the Eastern Front
|caption= Granatwerfer 42 on the Eastern Front
|origin={{flagcountry|Nazi Germany}}
|origin={{flagcountry|Nazi Germany}}
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|variants=
|variants=
<!-- General specifications -->
<!-- General specifications -->
|weight={{convert|280|kg|lbs|abbr=on}}
|weight={{convert|280|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|length=
|length=
|part_length={{convert|1.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} L/15.5<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2067459|title=Mortars and rockets|last=Chamberlain|first=Peter|date=1975|publisher=Arco Pub. Co|page=9|others=Gander, Terry|isbn=0668038179|location=New York|oclc=2067459}}</ref>
|part_length=
|crew=
|crew=
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
|cartridge={{convert|15.6|kg|lbs|abbr=on}} bomb
|cartridge={{convert|15.6|kg|lboz|abbr=on}} bomb
|caliber={{convert|120|mm|inch|abbr=on}}
|caliber={{convert|120|mm|inch|abbr=on}}
|action=
|action=
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|velocity={{convert|280|m/s|feet/s|abbr=on}}
|velocity={{convert|280|m/s|feet/s|abbr=on}}
|range=
|range=
|max_range={{convert|6050|m|yds|abbr=on}}
|max_range={{convert|6|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name=":0" />
|feed=
|feed=
|sights=
|sights=
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|carriage=
|carriage=
|elevation=45° to 85°
|elevation=45° to 85°
|traverse=8° to 17° variable with elevation<ref name=":0" />
|traverse=
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->
|blade_type=
|blade_type=
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The '''''12&nbsp;cm Granatwerfer'' 42''' (literally, "grenade thrower Model 42"; official designation: '''12&nbsp;cm GrW 42''') was a [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] used by [[Germany]] during [[World War II]].
The '''''12&nbsp;cm Granatwerfer'' 42''' (literally, "grenade thrower Model 42"; official designation: '''12&nbsp;cm GrW 42''') was a [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] used by [[Germany]] during [[World War II]].


Developed in 1942, the 12&nbsp;cm (about 4.7 in) GrW 42 was an attempt to give German infantry units a close support weapon with a heavier performance than the [[Mortar (weapon)|mortars]] used in general service at the time. This weapon was very similar to the mortar used by [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] forces on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] which in turn was an improved version of the French 120&nbsp;mm Brandt Mle 1935 mortar. The 120&nbsp;mm Brandt m35 was used in limited quantities during the battle of France and exported to the USSR and other nations before the country's capitulation in 1940. The Soviet [[M1938 mortar|PM 38]] 120&nbsp;mm mortar, were captured in large quantities during the war in the East and pressed into service by the Germans and other Axis nations before the introduction of similar nationally produced 12&nbsp;cm mortar designs. The captured Soviet mortar was given the following designation in German use; '''12&nbsp;cm ''Granatwerfer'' 378 (r)'''. The GrW 42 was basically the usual three part construction made up of a circular base plate like the previous Soviet design, the tube itself and the supporting bipod. Because of the greater weight of the weapon (280 kilograms or 620 pounds) a two-wheeled axle was utilised, enabling the mortar to be towed into action. The axle could then be quickly removed before firing.
Developed in 1942, the 12&nbsp;cm (about 4.7 in) GrW 42 was an attempt to give German infantry units a close support weapon with greater performance than the [[Mortar (weapon)|mortars]] used in general service at the time. This weapon was very similar to the mortar used by [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] forces on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] which in turn was an improved version of the French 120&nbsp;mm Brandt Mle 1935 mortar. The 120&nbsp;mm Brandt m35 was used in limited quantities during the battle of France and exported to the USSR and other nations before the country's capitulation in 1940. The Soviet [[M1938 mortar|PM 38]] 120&nbsp;mm mortar, were captured in large quantities during the war in the East and pressed into service by the Germans and other Axis nations before the introduction of similar nationally produced 12&nbsp;cm mortar designs. The captured Soviet mortar was given the following designation in German use; '''12&nbsp;cm ''Granatwerfer'' 378 (r)'''. The GrW 42 was basically the usual three part construction made up of a circular base plate like the previous Soviet design, the tube itself and the supporting bi-pod. Because of the greater weight of the weapon (280 kilograms or 620 pounds) a two-wheeled axle was utilized, enabling the mortar to be towed into action. The axle could then be quickly removed before firing.


==References==
The maximum range of the GrW 42, firing a 15.6&nbsp;kg projectile, was approximately 6,050 m with an elevation of between 45 and 85 degrees. It has a maximum traverse of 16 degrees.
{{reflist}}


{{Commons category|12 cm Granatwerfer 42}}
{{Commons category|12 cm Granatwerfer 42}}

Revision as of 01:54, 5 October 2017

12 cm Granatwerfer 42
Granatwerfer 42 on the Eastern Front
TypeMortar
Place of origin Germany
Service history
Used byNazi Germany
WarsSecond World War
Production history
Designed1942
Specifications
Mass280 kg (620 lb)
Barrel length1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) L/15.5[1]
Shell15.6 kg (34 lb 6 oz) bomb
Caliber120 mm (4.7 in)
Elevation45° to 85°
Traverse8° to 17° variable with elevation[1]
Rate of fire8-10 rpm
Muzzle velocity280 m/s (920 ft/s)
Maximum firing range6 km (3.7 mi)[1]

The 12 cm Granatwerfer 42 (literally, "grenade thrower Model 42"; official designation: 12 cm GrW 42) was a mortar used by Germany during World War II.

Developed in 1942, the 12 cm (about 4.7 in) GrW 42 was an attempt to give German infantry units a close support weapon with greater performance than the mortars used in general service at the time. This weapon was very similar to the mortar used by Soviet forces on the Eastern Front which in turn was an improved version of the French 120 mm Brandt Mle 1935 mortar. The 120 mm Brandt m35 was used in limited quantities during the battle of France and exported to the USSR and other nations before the country's capitulation in 1940. The Soviet PM 38 120 mm mortar, were captured in large quantities during the war in the East and pressed into service by the Germans and other Axis nations before the introduction of similar nationally produced 12 cm mortar designs. The captured Soviet mortar was given the following designation in German use; 12 cm Granatwerfer 378 (r). The GrW 42 was basically the usual three part construction made up of a circular base plate like the previous Soviet design, the tube itself and the supporting bi-pod. Because of the greater weight of the weapon (280 kilograms or 620 pounds) a two-wheeled axle was utilized, enabling the mortar to be towed into action. The axle could then be quickly removed before firing.

References

  1. ^ a b c Chamberlain, Peter (1975). Mortars and rockets. Gander, Terry. New York: Arco Pub. Co. p. 9. ISBN 0668038179. OCLC 2067459.
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