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| known_for = - One of eight women killed at the [[Berlin Wall]]<br>- Probably the only Berlin Wall victim who was classified as an attempted escapee, yet was loyal to, and not critical of, the East German government. |
| known_for = - One of eight women killed at the [[Berlin Wall]]<br>- Probably the only Berlin Wall victim who was classified as an attempted escapee, yet was loyal to, and not critical of, the East German government. |
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'''Hildegard Johanna Maria Trabant''' |
'''Hildegard Johanna Maria Trabant''' (June 12 1927 – August 18 1964) was a [[Germany|German]] woman who became the [[Deaths at the Berlin Wall|fiftieth person to die]] at the [[Berlin Wall]].<ref name=BStU29>Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 29</ref> Trabant was shot and killed by [[East German border guards]] during a crossing attempt, one of only eight women victims of the Berlin Wall, and was the only escapee victim known to have been loyal to the [[East German]] regime. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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[[Image:Hildegard Trabant Grave.JPG|200px|thumb|Hildegard Trabant's grave at the Friedhof Nordend, in Berlin-Rosenthal. Marked as UH Him - B102, taken in 2014]] |
[[Image:Hildegard Trabant Grave.JPG|200px|thumb|Hildegard Trabant's grave at the Friedhof Nordend, in Berlin-Rosenthal. Marked as UH Him - B102, taken in 2014]] |
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[[Image:Friedhof Nordend Map.JPG|200px|thumb|map of the Friedhof Nordend, in Berlin-Rosenthal. The location of Hildegard Trabant's grave is highlighted in yellow.]] |
[[Image:Friedhof Nordend Map.JPG|200px|thumb|map of the Friedhof Nordend, in Berlin-Rosenthal. The location of Hildegard Trabant's grave is highlighted in yellow.]] |
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Hildegard |
Hildegard Pohl was born on June 12, 1927, in [[Berlin]], [[Weimar Republic]], and grew up in the city. Trabant was loyal to the [[East Germany|East German]] regime, having joined the governing [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|Socialist Unity Party]] in 1949 at the age of 22, where she was valued as an active party member. In 1954, she married Günter Horst Trabant, a [[Volkspolizei|People's Police]] officer who was employed in the passport and registration division, and the couple had no children due to a lower abdomen operation that rendered her [[Sterility (physiology)|unable to bear children]].<ref name=BStU40>Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 40</ref> The Trabants lived in an apartment complex on Tilsiter Strasse 64 (now Richard-Sorge-Straße), in the [[Friedrichshain]] district of [[East Berlin]], near [[Frankfurter Tor (Berlin U-Bahn)|Frankfurter Tor Station]], in the [[Friedrichshain]] district of Berlin.<ref name=Annett>Annett Gröschner, "Aus Anderer Sicht/The Other View" (pg 625), July 2011, Hatje Cantz, {{ISBN|978-3-7757-3207-9}}</ref><ref name=FNReg>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Friedhof_Nordend_Registry_Page_48.jpg Page 48 of the registry from - ][https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Friedhof_Nordend_Registry_Cover.jpg the Friedhof Nordend, Berlin-Rosenthal.]</ref> Possibly facilitating their residence there, Trabant was a property manager in the ''Kommunale Wohnungsverwaltung Friedrichshain'', a municipal housing administration in Friedrichshain.<ref name=BStU6>Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 6</ref> |
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==Death== |
==Death== |
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On August 18, 1964, Günter Trabant reported to his office that he had not seen his wife since 7:00 AM the day prior, August 17, 1964, |
On August 18, 1964, Günter Trabant reported to his office that he had not seen his wife since 7:00 AM the day prior, August 17, 1964, and that some of her clothes were missing.<ref name=BStU5 /><ref name=BStU6 /> At 6:50 PM on the day of Günter's report, Hildegard Trabant had been shot trying to cross the border between East Berlin and [[West Berlin]]. Trabant had attempted to leave via a disused [[Rapid transit in Germany#S-Bahn|S-Bahn]] line and managed to overcome the inner wall, but was discovered by [[East Germany|East German border guards]] as she was hiding behind some [[shrubs]] before reaching the other side. She distracted the guards with a speech before running back towards East Berlin to avoid arrest, managing to evade them to the point they could not catch up with her. The guards fired a warning shot to get Trabant to stop, but when she continued to run they fired at her, hitting her in the back. Trabant died about an hour later at the Krankenhaus der Volkspolizei (now the Bundeswehrkrankenhaus), aged 37 years-old. |
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In the presence of his superiors, her husband Günter was either unable or unwilling to comment on circumstances which led to her attempted [[Republikflucht|flight from East Germany]]. It is unknown why Trabant decided to flee East Germany, although evidence suggests it was probably of a personal nature, possibly involving [[domestic violence]]. The Trabants were known to have had several large clashes, which caught the attention of Günter's supervisors within the police force. Trabant had no other known relatives in East Germany at the time of her death, as her mother had already died, while her father was in a [[nursing home]] in West Berlin and a Günter Pohl in [[Marl,_North_Rhine-Westphalia|Marl-Drewer]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], both in [[West Germany]].<ref name=BStU5>Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 5</ref><ref name=bericht>[http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/todesopfer/171542/hildegard-trabant-bericht-der-ddr-grenztruppen-ueber-den-fluchtversuch-und-die-erschiessung Bericht der DDR-Grenztruppen über den Fluchtversuch und die Erschießung (Report of the GDR border troops about the escape attempt and the shooting)]{de icon}></ref> |
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| ⚫ | Hildegard Trabant was one of only eight women killed at the Berlin wall, among the total of at least 140 victims, and one of only four women who attempted this crossing alone |
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| ⚫ | Hildegard Trabant was one of only eight women killed at the Berlin wall, among the total of at least 140 victims, and one of only four women who attempted this crossing alone. Further, of the at least 101 Berlin Wall victims that were classified as escapees/attempted escapees, she was the only one who had a record of loyalty toward the East German regime.<ref name=Hertle>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9NJVstXCXMC&pg=PA163&lpg=PA163&dq=%22Hildegard+Trabant%22&source=bl&ots=7g3HfWM4d5&sig=8vN8q_X_ATFO4xkvaennFpXBTeo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lN_CUrmLLKS52QWEqYEo&ved=0CGsQ6AEwCw#v=onepage&q=%22Hildegard%20Trabant%22&f=false | title=The Victims at the Berlin Wall, 1961-1989: A Biographical Handbook. Hans-Hermann Hertle, Maria Nooke | publisher=Christoph Links Verlag | author=Hertle, Hans-Hermann | year=2011 | pages=163–165 | isbn=978-3861536321}}</ref> |
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==Burial== |
==Burial== |
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Hildegard Trabant was buried on September 23, 1964 |
Hildegard Trabant was buried on September 23, 1964 at the Frieden-Himmelfahrt Cemetery (now the Evangelischer Friedhof Nordend), north of [[Pankow]], in [[Rosenthal (Berlin)|Rosenthal]].<ref name=FNReg /> She was buried in a "linear grave", meaning, a grave which expired after the lawful regulated 20 years of resting allowed under East German law without becoming a "family grave" which the family continues to maintain, or another family member is buried more recently there. This period of resting "expired" in 1984, and this particular section of the cemetery was rearranged. Her [[urn]] is still there, like all urns buried there, but it is now under another grave number, and under another name on the tombstone. Previously, her grave number was UH Him - 234a. The "new" grave number is UH Him - B102.<ref name=FNReg /><ref name=Hertle /> |
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==Aftermath== |
==Aftermath== |
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| ⚫ | Unlike almost all other deaths at the Berlin Wall, Hildegard Trabant's death went totally unnoticed in West Berlin. It would be 26 years later (October 1990) when the 1964 East Berlin files were given to the German federal judiciary. After a lengthy trial, Kurt Renner, the guard who shot her, was found guilty of [[manslaughter]], and sentenced to one year and nine months in [[prison]], which was commuted later to [[probation]].<ref name=CDM>Comparison of the [http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/system/files/dokument_pdf/51331_to_trabant_dok_skizze_1964.pdf Crime Scene Sketch] and the [http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/todesopfer/171542/hildegard-trabant-bericht-der-ddr-grenztruppen-ueber-den-fluchtversuch-und-die-erschiessung Report on Escape Attempt and Shooting] of the GDR Border Troops at Chronik der Mauer.de {{de icon}}</ref> Also unlike almost all other deaths at the Berlin wall, it was obvious that when she was actually shot, she had abandoned her attempt to escape East Berlin, and was merely fleeing back towards the inner wall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berliner-mauer-gedenkstaette.de/en/1964-312,374,2.html |title=Hildegard Trabant |first=Christine |last=Brecht |work=Berlin Wall Memorial |accessdate=1 January 2014}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Unlike almost all other deaths at the Berlin Wall, Hildegard Trabant's death went totally unnoticed in West Berlin. It would be 26 years later (October 1990) when the 1964 East Berlin files were given to the German federal judiciary. After a lengthy trial, Kurt Renner,<ref name=CDM>Comparison of the [http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/system/files/dokument_pdf/51331_to_trabant_dok_skizze_1964.pdf Crime Scene Sketch] and the [http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/todesopfer/171542/hildegard-trabant-bericht-der-ddr-grenztruppen-ueber-den-fluchtversuch-und-die-erschiessung Report on Escape Attempt and Shooting] of the GDR Border Troops at Chronik der Mauer.de {{de icon}}</ref> |
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== Literature == |
== Literature == |
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Revision as of 19:23, 13 October 2017
Hildegard Trabant | |
|---|---|
| File:MfS-AS-754-70-Bd-II-7-Seite-0030 (HildegardTrabant).tif | |
| Born | 12 June 1927 |
| Died | 18 August 1964 (aged 37) Berlin, Krankenhaus der Volkspolizei (now the Bundeswehrkrankenhaus_Berlin) |
| Cause of death | Shot by a guard whilst attempting to enter West Berlin from East Berlin |
| Body discovered | The closed S-Bahn tracks between the Schönhauser Allee and Gesundbrunnen stations 52°32′58″N 13°24′07″E / 52.549483°N 13.401828°E |
| Resting place | Friedhof Nordend, Berlin-Rosenthal. 52°35′45″N 13°24′23″E / 52.595945°N 13.406458°E |
| Monuments | White Crosses, Berlin "Window Of Remembrance", Berlin |
| Known for | - One of eight women killed at the Berlin Wall - Probably the only Berlin Wall victim who was classified as an attempted escapee, yet was loyal to, and not critical of, the East German government. |
| Political party | Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED). |
Hildegard Johanna Maria Trabant (June 12 1927 – August 18 1964) was a German woman who became the fiftieth person to die at the Berlin Wall.[1] Trabant was shot and killed by East German border guards during a crossing attempt, one of only eight women victims of the Berlin Wall, and was the only escapee victim known to have been loyal to the East German regime.
Biography
Hildegard Pohl was born on June 12, 1927, in Berlin, Weimar Republic, and grew up in the city. Trabant was loyal to the East German regime, having joined the governing Socialist Unity Party in 1949 at the age of 22, where she was valued as an active party member. In 1954, she married Günter Horst Trabant, a People's Police officer who was employed in the passport and registration division, and the couple had no children due to a lower abdomen operation that rendered her unable to bear children.[2] The Trabants lived in an apartment complex on Tilsiter Strasse 64 (now Richard-Sorge-Straße), in the Friedrichshain district of East Berlin, near Frankfurter Tor Station, in the Friedrichshain district of Berlin.[3][4] Possibly facilitating their residence there, Trabant was a property manager in the Kommunale Wohnungsverwaltung Friedrichshain, a municipal housing administration in Friedrichshain.[5]
Death
On August 18, 1964, Günter Trabant reported to his office that he had not seen his wife since 7:00 AM the day prior, August 17, 1964, and that some of her clothes were missing.[6][5] At 6:50 PM on the day of Günter's report, Hildegard Trabant had been shot trying to cross the border between East Berlin and West Berlin. Trabant had attempted to leave via a disused S-Bahn line and managed to overcome the inner wall, but was discovered by East German border guards as she was hiding behind some shrubs before reaching the other side. She distracted the guards with a speech before running back towards East Berlin to avoid arrest, managing to evade them to the point they could not catch up with her. The guards fired a warning shot to get Trabant to stop, but when she continued to run they fired at her, hitting her in the back. Trabant died about an hour later at the Krankenhaus der Volkspolizei (now the Bundeswehrkrankenhaus), aged 37 years-old.
In the presence of his superiors, her husband Günter was either unable or unwilling to comment on circumstances which led to her attempted flight from East Germany. It is unknown why Trabant decided to flee East Germany, although evidence suggests it was probably of a personal nature, possibly involving domestic violence. The Trabants were known to have had several large clashes, which caught the attention of Günter's supervisors within the police force. Trabant had no other known relatives in East Germany at the time of her death, as her mother had already died, while her father was in a nursing home in West Berlin and a Günter Pohl in Marl-Drewer, North Rhine-Westphalia, both in West Germany.[6][7]
Hildegard Trabant was one of only eight women killed at the Berlin wall, among the total of at least 140 victims, and one of only four women who attempted this crossing alone. Further, of the at least 101 Berlin Wall victims that were classified as escapees/attempted escapees, she was the only one who had a record of loyalty toward the East German regime.[8]
Burial
Hildegard Trabant was buried on September 23, 1964 at the Frieden-Himmelfahrt Cemetery (now the Evangelischer Friedhof Nordend), north of Pankow, in Rosenthal.[4] She was buried in a "linear grave", meaning, a grave which expired after the lawful regulated 20 years of resting allowed under East German law without becoming a "family grave" which the family continues to maintain, or another family member is buried more recently there. This period of resting "expired" in 1984, and this particular section of the cemetery was rearranged. Her urn is still there, like all urns buried there, but it is now under another grave number, and under another name on the tombstone. Previously, her grave number was UH Him - 234a. The "new" grave number is UH Him - B102.[4][8]
Aftermath
Unlike almost all other deaths at the Berlin Wall, Hildegard Trabant's death went totally unnoticed in West Berlin. It would be 26 years later (October 1990) when the 1964 East Berlin files were given to the German federal judiciary. After a lengthy trial, Kurt Renner, the guard who shot her, was found guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to one year and nine months in prison, which was commuted later to probation.[9] Also unlike almost all other deaths at the Berlin wall, it was obvious that when she was actually shot, she had abandoned her attempt to escape East Berlin, and was merely fleeing back towards the inner wall.[10]
Literature
- Hans-Hermann Hertle, Maria Nooke: Die Todesopfer an der Berliner Mauer 1961 - 1989 : ein biographisches Handbuch / hrsg. vom Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam und der Stiftung Berliner Mauer. Links, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-86153-517-1.
References
- ^ Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 29
- ^ Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 40
- ^ Annett Gröschner, "Aus Anderer Sicht/The Other View" (pg 625), July 2011, Hatje Cantz, ISBN 978-3-7757-3207-9
- ^ a b c Page 48 of the registry from - the Friedhof Nordend, Berlin-Rosenthal.
- ^ a b Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 6
- ^ a b Stasi Records Agency (BStU), Ministry for State Security (MfS) File AS 754/70, Bd. II, Nr. 7, Pg. 5
- ^ Bericht der DDR-Grenztruppen über den Fluchtversuch und die Erschießung (Report of the GDR border troops about the escape attempt and the shooting){de icon}>
- ^ a b Hertle, Hans-Hermann (2011). The Victims at the Berlin Wall, 1961-1989: A Biographical Handbook. Hans-Hermann Hertle, Maria Nooke. Christoph Links Verlag. pp. 163–165. ISBN 978-3861536321.
- ^ Comparison of the Crime Scene Sketch and the Report on Escape Attempt and Shooting of the GDR Border Troops at Chronik der Mauer.de Template:De icon
- ^ Brecht, Christine. "Hildegard Trabant". Berlin Wall Memorial. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hildegard Trabant.
- Short Portrait of Hildegard Trabant at Chronik der Mauer
- Short Portrait of Hildegard Trabant at Gedenkstätte Berliner Mauer
- Hildegard Trabant at Find a Grave
- Hildegard Trabant - a forgotten Berlin Wall victim
- (English translation of) The GDR Border Troops' Report on the Escape Attempt of Hildegard Trabant
- Exposition: Le Mur de Berlin Berlin vu de l'Est (Exposition: The Berlin Wall, as seen from the East Side)Template:Fr icon
