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'''Fatma Hikmet İşmen''' (1918 – May 9, 2006) was a Greek-born [[Turkey|Turkish]] female agricultural engineer specialized in plant pathology, a socialist politician and former senator
'''Fatma Hikmet İşmen''' (1918 – May 9, 2006) was a Greek-born [[Turkey|Turkish]] female [[agricultural engineering|agricultural engineer]] with a specialization in [[plant pathology]], as well as a [[socialism|socialist]] politician and former [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|senator]].


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Fatma Hikmet was born to a [[Muslim minority of Greece|Muslim minority]] family in [[Ioannina]], Greece in 1918.<ref name="b"/> Her father, Hüseyin Hüsnü Bey, is claimed to be a descendant of Ottoman-Albanian ruler [[Ali Pasha of Ioannina]] (1740–1822). She had an elder sister Fikret.<ref name="sd"/>
Fatma Hikmet was born to a [[Muslim minority of Greece|Muslim minority]] family in [[Ioannina]], [[Greece]] in 1918.<ref name="b"/> Her father, Hüseyin Hüsnü Bey, is claimed to be a descendant of Ottoman-Albanian ruler [[Ali Pasha of Ioannina]] (1740–1822). She had an elder sister Fikret.<ref name="sd"/>


After the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)]], the family emigrated to Turkey within the frame of [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]] agreed by the [[Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations|Lausanne Convention]] in 1923.<ref name="lmd"/> They settled in [[Beşiktaş]], [[Istanbul]].<ref name="sd"/> Due to the father's occupation as an army officer, the family migrated to [[Tokat]] and [[Adapazarı]].<ref name="sd"/>
After the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)]], the family emigrated to Turkey within the frame of [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]] agreed by the [[Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations|Lausanne Convention]] in 1923.<ref name="lmd"/> They settled in [[Beşiktaş]], [[Istanbul]].<ref name="sd"/> Due to the father's occupation as an army officer, the family migrated to [[Tokat]] and [[Adapazarı]].<ref name="sd"/>
Line 48: Line 48:


==Politician==
==Politician==
Encouraged by Adnan Cemgil, whose son was a militant of an armed underground far-left movement, İşmen joined the [[Workers Party of Turkey]] ({{lang-tr|Türkiye İşçi Partisi}}, ''TİP'') in 1964.<ref name="b"/><ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/> On June 5, 1966,<ref name="lmd"/> she entered the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|Senate of the Republic]] representing [[Kocaeli (electoral district)|Kocaeli electoral district]] as the only senator of TİP,<ref name="lmd"/> which was present in the [[Turkish Grand National Assembly]] with 15 seats won in the [[Turkish general election, 1965|1965 general elections]].<ref name="b"/><ref name="m"/>
Encouraged by Adnan Cemgil, whose son was a militant of an armed underground [[far-left politics|far-left]] movement, İşmen joined the [[Workers Party of Turkey]] ({{lang-tr|Türkiye İşçi Partisi}}, ''TİP'') in 1964.<ref name="b"/><ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/> On June 5, 1966,<ref name="lmd"/> she entered the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|Senate of the Republic]] representing [[Kocaeli (electoral district)|Kocaeli electoral district]] as the only senator of TİP,<ref name="lmd"/> which was present in the [[Turkish Grand National Assembly]] with 15 seats won in the [[Turkish general election, 1965|1965 general elections]].<ref name="b"/><ref name="m"/>


In her first speech in the senate, she accused the [[Directorate of Religious Affairs]] of fueling the discrimination of [[Alawites]] by the [[Sunni Islam]] that sparked a long-lasting controversy in the senate with [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]] majority. Her parliamentary works were focused on policies of education, agriculture and [[animal husbandry]].<ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/>
In her first speech in the senate, she accused the [[Directorate of Religious Affairs]] of fueling the discrimination of [[Alawites]] by the [[Sunni Islam]] that sparked a long-lasting controversy in the senate with [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]] majority. Her parliamentary works were focused on policies of education, agriculture and [[animal husbandry]].<ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/>
Line 61: Line 61:
She was the co-founder and a member of the board of trustees of the "Tarih Vakfı" ("The History Foundation").<ref name="tv"/> In 1992, the foundation awarded in her honor the "Fatma Hikmet İşmen Prize for Supporting Research on [[Marxism]]" ({{lang-tr|Fatma Hikmet İşmen Marksist Araştırmaları Destekleme Ödülü}}).<ref name="g"/>
She was the co-founder and a member of the board of trustees of the "Tarih Vakfı" ("The History Foundation").<ref name="tv"/> In 1992, the foundation awarded in her honor the "Fatma Hikmet İşmen Prize for Supporting Research on [[Marxism]]" ({{lang-tr|Fatma Hikmet İşmen Marksist Araştırmaları Destekleme Ödülü}}).<ref name="g"/>


Fatma Hikmet İşmen died in Istanbul on May 9, 2006.<ref name="b"/><ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/> Two days later, she was buried at [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]] following the religious ceremony held at [[Şişli Mosque]].<ref name="mh"/> The funeral attendees sang the left-wing anthem [[The Internationale]]. She was survived by her sister Fikret İşmen Kaygı.<ref name="sd"/> She was never married due to her anti-marriage views.<ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/>
Fatma Hikmet İşmen died in Istanbul on May 9, 2006.<ref name="b"/><ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/> Two days later, she was buried at [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]] following the religious ceremony held at [[Şişli Mosque]].<ref name="mh"/> The funeral attendees sang the [[left-wing politics|left-wing]] anthem "[[The Internationale]]". She was survived by her sister Fikret İşmen Kaygı.<ref name="sd"/> She was never married due to her anti-marriage views.<ref name="sd"/><ref name="lmd"/>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 01:26, 15 November 2017

Dr.
Fatma Hikmet İşmen
Senate of the Republic
In office
June 5, 1966 – October 12, 1975
Personal details
Born
Fatma Hikmet

1918
Ioannina, Kingdom of Greece
DiedJanuary 9, 2006(2006-01-09) (aged 87–88)
Istanbul, Turkey
Resting placeZincirlikuyu Cemetery
NationalityTurkish
Political partyWorkers Party of Turkey (TİP)
Other political
affiliations
EducationAgricultural engineering
Alma materAnkara University
OccupationAgricultural engineer, politician

Fatma Hikmet İşmen (1918 – May 9, 2006) was a Greek-born Turkish female agricultural engineer with a specialization in plant pathology, as well as a socialist politician and former senator.

Early life

Fatma Hikmet was born to a Muslim minority family in Ioannina, Greece in 1918.[1] Her father, Hüseyin Hüsnü Bey, is claimed to be a descendant of Ottoman-Albanian ruler Ali Pasha of Ioannina (1740–1822). She had an elder sister Fikret.[2]

After the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), the family emigrated to Turkey within the frame of population exchange between Greece and Turkey agreed by the Lausanne Convention in 1923.[3] They settled in Beşiktaş, Istanbul.[2] Due to the father's occupation as an army officer, the family migrated to Tokat and Adapazarı.[2]

Fatma Hikmet completed her primary and secondary education in Istanbul.[2] She attended the Arnavutköy American High School for Girls,[1][2] before moving to Istanbul Girls High School, finishing in 1933.[1][3] She then studied agricultural engineering at Ankara University's Faculty of Agriculture,[1], graduating in 1937.[2][3] She attended courses in England and obtained a doctoral degree in Canada.[3][4] She became a specialist in plant diseases.[1][2]

After the Surname Law in 1934, she and her sister adopted the family name "İşmen".[3]

Scientist

İşmen was employed by the Ministry of Agriculture,[4] and served in the Institute of Pest Control (Template:Lang-tr) in Ankara, Izmir,[1] and from 1945 on in Istanbul.[2][3] She conducted research work as assistant, chief assistant and specialist between 1940 and 1966.[2][4]

Politician

Encouraged by Adnan Cemgil, whose son was a militant of an armed underground far-left movement, İşmen joined the Workers Party of Turkey (Template:Lang-tr, TİP) in 1964.[1][2][3] On June 5, 1966,[3] she entered the Senate of the Republic representing Kocaeli electoral district as the only senator of TİP,[3] which was present in the Turkish Grand National Assembly with 15 seats won in the 1965 general elections.[1][5]

In her first speech in the senate, she accused the Directorate of Religious Affairs of fueling the discrimination of Alawites by the Sunni Islam that sparked a long-lasting controversy in the senate with Justice Party majority. Her parliamentary works were focused on policies of education, agriculture and animal husbandry.[2][3]

The TİP was banned after the 1971 Turkish military memorandum. She remained alone as socialist representative in the legislature. She resigned after nine years in the senate on October 12, 1975 stating tiredness.[2][3]

In 1976, she published her autobiography about her time in the Senate under the title Parlamentoda 9 yıl: TİP Senatörü Olarak 1966 – 1975 Dönemi Parlamento Çalışmaları ("9 Years in the Parliament: Parliamentary Works as the Senator of TİP During the Term 1966 – 1975").[3][6]

In 1991, she co-founded the Socialist Unity Party (Template:Lang-tr, SBP), and in 1994, she was among the founders of the Freedom and Solidarity Party (Template:Lang-tr, ÖDP). She served in the boards of these political parties.[1][2]

Later years and death

She was the co-founder and a member of the board of trustees of the "Tarih Vakfı" ("The History Foundation").[7] In 1992, the foundation awarded in her honor the "Fatma Hikmet İşmen Prize for Supporting Research on Marxism" (Template:Lang-tr).[8]

Fatma Hikmet İşmen died in Istanbul on May 9, 2006.[1][2][3] Two days later, she was buried at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery following the religious ceremony held at Şişli Mosque.[9] The funeral attendees sang the left-wing anthem "The Internationale". She was survived by her sister Fikret İşmen Kaygı.[2] She was never married due to her anti-marriage views.[2][3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Fatma Hikmet İşmen" (in Turkish). Biyografya. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Çetin, Mahmut (2015-02-06). "Yanya Sultanı'nın sosyalist senatör torunu" (in Turkish). Son Devir. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Fatma Hikmet İşmen" (in Turkish). Lozan Mübadiller Derneği. 2015-07-26. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  4. ^ a b c "Fatma Hikmet Ismen Papers". International Institute of Social History. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  5. ^ "Türkiye'yi değiştiren seçimler" (in Turkish). Manifesto. 2015-11-01. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  6. ^ Fatma Hilmet İşmen (1976). Parlamentoda 9 yıl: TİP Senatörü Olarak 1966 – 1975 Dönemi Parlamento Çalışmaları (in Turkish). Ankara: Çark Matbaası,. p. 543. Retrieved 2017-10-29.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ^ "Girişim Kurulu ve Mütevelliler" (in Turkish). Tarih Vakfı. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  8. ^ "Fatma Hikmet İşmen Marksist Araştırmaları Destekleme Ödülü" (in Turkish). Gelenek. 1992. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
  9. ^ "Eski Senatör Fatma Hikmet İşmen Vefat Etti." TBMM – Meclis Haber (in Turkish). 2006-05-09. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
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