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Elaborated upon Anna Mani's education and career.
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==Early life==
==Early life==
Anna Mani was born in [[Peerumedu]], [[Travancore]].<ref name=insa>{{cite web|last=Gupta|first=Aravind|title=Anna Mani|url=http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/bs30annamani.pdf|work=Platinum Jubilee Publishing of INSA|publisher=Indian National science academy|accessdate=7 October 2012}}</ref> Her father was a [[Civil engineering|civil engineer]]. She was the seventh of eight children in her family. During her childhood, she was a voracious reader. She was impressed by the activities of [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]] during [[Vaikom satyagraha]]. Inspired by the nationalist movement, she took to wearing only [[Khādī]] garments. She wanted to pursue medicine, but she decided in favour of physics because she liked the subject. In 1939, she graduated from the Presidency College in Madras, with a B.Sc Honors degree in physics and chemistry.<ref name=insa/>
Anna Modayil Mani was born in [[Peerumedu]], [[Travancore]].<ref name=insa>{{cite web|last=Gupta|first=Aravind|title=Anna Mani|url=http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/bs30annamani.pdf|work=Platinum Jubilee Publishing of INSA|publisher=Indian National science academy|accessdate=7 October 2012}}</ref> Her father was a [[Civil engineering|civil engineer]]. She was the seventh of eight children in her family. During her childhood, she was a voracious reader. She was impressed by the activities of [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]] during [[Vaikom satyagraha]]. Inspired by the nationalist movement, she took to wearing only [[Khādī]] garments.
== Education ==
She wanted to pursue medicine, but she decided in favour of physics because she liked the subject. In 1939, she graduated from the [[Presidency College, Chennai|Presidency College]] in Madras, with a B.Sc Honors degree in physics and chemistry. In 1940, she won a scholarship for research in the [[Indian Institute of Science]], Bangalore.In 1945, she went to [[Imperial College London|Imperial College]], London to pursue physics. But she ended up specialising in meteorological instruments. <ref name="insa" />


==Career==
==Career==
After graduating from the Presidency college, she worked under Prof. [[C V Raman]], researching the optical properties of [[ruby]] and [[diamond]].<ref name=lilavati/> She authored five research papers, but she was not granted a PhD because she did not have a master's degree in physics. Then she moved to Britain to study pursue physics, but she ended up studying meteorological instruments at [[Imperial College London]].<ref name=insa/> After returning to India in 1948, she joined the Meteorological department in [[Pune]]. She published numerous research papers on meteorological instrumentation. She retired as the deputy director general of the Indian Meteorological department in 1976.
After graduating from the Presidency college, she worked under Prof. [[C V Raman]], researching the optical properties of [[ruby]] and [[diamond]].<ref name=lilavati/> She authored five research papers and submitted her PhD dissertation, but she was not granted a PhD because she did not have a master's degree in physics. After returning to India in 1948, she joined the Meteorological department in [[Pune]]. She published numerous research papers on meteorological instrumentation. She was mostly responsible for arranging for meteorological instruments, imported from Britain. By 1953, she had become the head of the division with a 121 men working for her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/nov102001/1251.pdf|title=Anna Modayil Mani - A Tribute|last=Ashford|first=Oliver|date=|website=Indian Institute of Science|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

Anna Mani wished to make India self-sufficient in weather instruments. She standardised the drawings of close to 100 different weather instruments. From 1957-58, she set up a network of stations to measure solar radiation. In Bangalore, she set up a small workshop that manufactured instruments for the purpose of measuring wind speed and solar energy. She worked on the development of an apparatus to measure the ozone. She was made a member of the International Ozone Association. She set up a meteorological oservatory and an instrumentation tower at the Thumba rocket launching facility.<ref name="insa" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/83063/anna-mani-scientist-meteorology-ozone-wind-energy/|title=Anna Mani Is One of India's Greatest Woman Scientists. Yet You Probably Haven't Heard Her Story|date=2017-01-21|work=The Better India|access-date=2018-01-20|language=en-US}}</ref>

Deeply dedicated to her work, Anna Mani never married. She was associated with many scientific organizations such as the Indian National Science Academy, American Meteorological Society, International Solar Energy Society, World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), the International Association for Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, etc. In 1987, she was a recipient of the INSA K. R. Ramanathan Medal.

She was transferred to Delhi in 1969 as the Deputy Director General. In 1975, she served as a WMO consultant in Egypt. She retired as the deputy director general of the Indian Meteorological department in 1976.<ref name=":0" />


In 1994 she suffered from a stroke, and died on 16 August 2001 in [[Thiruvananthapuram]].<ref name="hindu" />
In 1994 she suffered from a stroke, and died on 16 August 2001 in [[Thiruvananthapuram]].<ref name="hindu" />

Revision as of 07:30, 20 January 2018

Anna Mani
അന്ന മാണി
Anna Mani
Born23 August 1918
Travancore, Kerala
Died16 August 2001(2001-08-16) (aged 82)
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
NationalityIndian
Scientific career
FieldsMeteorology, Physics
InstitutionsIndian Meteorological Department, Pune

Anna Mani (23 August 1918 – 16 August 2001) was an Indian physicist and meteorologist.[1] She was the Deputy Director General of the Indian Meteorological Department. She made significant contributions in the field of meteorological instrumentation. She conducted research and published numerous papers on solar radiation, ozone and wind energy measurements.[2]

Early life

Anna Modayil Mani was born in Peerumedu, Travancore.[3] Her father was a civil engineer. She was the seventh of eight children in her family. During her childhood, she was a voracious reader. She was impressed by the activities of Gandhi during Vaikom satyagraha. Inspired by the nationalist movement, she took to wearing only Khādī garments.

Education

She wanted to pursue medicine, but she decided in favour of physics because she liked the subject. In 1939, she graduated from the Presidency College in Madras, with a B.Sc Honors degree in physics and chemistry. In 1940, she won a scholarship for research in the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.In 1945, she went to Imperial College, London to pursue physics. But she ended up specialising in meteorological instruments. [3]

Career

After graduating from the Presidency college, she worked under Prof. C V Raman, researching the optical properties of ruby and diamond.[2] She authored five research papers and submitted her PhD dissertation, but she was not granted a PhD because she did not have a master's degree in physics. After returning to India in 1948, she joined the Meteorological department in Pune. She published numerous research papers on meteorological instrumentation. She was mostly responsible for arranging for meteorological instruments, imported from Britain. By 1953, she had become the head of the division with a 121 men working for her.[4]

Anna Mani wished to make India self-sufficient in weather instruments. She standardised the drawings of close to 100 different weather instruments. From 1957-58, she set up a network of stations to measure solar radiation. In Bangalore, she set up a small workshop that manufactured instruments for the purpose of measuring wind speed and solar energy. She worked on the development of an apparatus to measure the ozone. She was made a member of the International Ozone Association. She set up a meteorological oservatory and an instrumentation tower at the Thumba rocket launching facility.[3][5]

Deeply dedicated to her work, Anna Mani never married. She was associated with many scientific organizations such as the Indian National Science Academy, American Meteorological Society, International Solar Energy Society, World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), the International Association for Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, etc. In 1987, she was a recipient of the INSA K. R. Ramanathan Medal.

She was transferred to Delhi in 1969 as the Deputy Director General. In 1975, she served as a WMO consultant in Egypt. She retired as the deputy director general of the Indian Meteorological department in 1976.[5]

In 1994 she suffered from a stroke, and died on 16 August 2001 in Thiruvananthapuram.[1]

Publications

  • 1992. Wind Energy Resource Survey in India, vv. 2. xi + 22 pp. Ed. Allied Publ. ISBN 8170233585, ISBN 9788170233589
  • 1981. Solar Radiation over India x + 548 pp.[2]
  • 1980. The Handbook for Solar Radiation data for India

References

  1. ^ a b Sur, Abha (14 October 2001). "The Life and Times of a Pioneer". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  2. ^ a b c Sur, Abha (2007). Lilavati's daughters: The women scientists of India. Indian Academy of Science. pp. 23–25.
  3. ^ a b c Gupta, Aravind. "Anna Mani" (PDF). Platinum Jubilee Publishing of INSA. Indian National science academy. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  4. ^ Ashford, Oliver. "Anna Modayil Mani - A Tribute" (PDF). Indian Institute of Science. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  5. ^ a b "Anna Mani Is One of India's Greatest Woman Scientists. Yet You Probably Haven't Heard Her Story". The Better India. 21 January 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
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