Marie of Champagne: Difference between revisions

Marie of Champagne
Marie of Champagne
Latin Empress of Constantinople
	Boudewijn of Flanders leaves Marie of Champagne and his daughter Jannekin by Jan Swerts
Born	c. 1174
Died	9 August 1204; Acre, Israel
Spouse	Baldwin I of Constantinople
Father	Henry I, Count of Champagne
Mother	Marie of France

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Marie of Champagne (c. 1174 – 9 August 1204) was the first Latin Empress of Constantinople as the wife of Emperor Baldwin I.

Family

She was a daughter of Henry I, Count of Champagne, and Marie,^[1] daughter of King Louis VII of France.^[2]

According to the chronicle of Gislebert of Mons, on 13 May 1179 Marie was officially bethrothed to Baldwin, son of the count of Flanders and Hainaut, to whom she was already promissed to be wed in 1171.^[3] Her betrothed was Baldwin VI, son of Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut and Margaret I, Countess of Flanders.

On 6 January 1186, Marie and Baldwin were married.^[4] They had two known children:

Joan, Countess of Flanders (1199/1200 – 5 December 1244).
Margaret II, Countess of Flanders (2 June 1202 – 10 February 1280).

Empress

On 14 April 1202 her husband left Flanders to join the Fourth Crusade.^[5] During her husband's absence, Marie acted as regent for Flanders.^[6] This Crusade was diverted to Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire. The crusaders captured and sacked the city. Then they decided to set up a Latin Empire in place of the fallen Greek one. On 9 May 1204, Baldwin was elected its first emperor making Marie the empress.

Marie herself left Flanders to join her husband in Outremer. According to Geoffrey of Villehardouin she could not join him in the crusade earlier as she was pregnant at the time of his departure. After delivery of the child, Margaret and sufficient recovery, she set forth to join him.^[7]

She set sail from the port of Marseille and landed in Acre.^[8] There she received tribute by Bohemond IV of Antioch.^[9] In Acre news reached her of the fall of Constantinople and the proclamation of Baldwin as the new emperor.^[7] She wanted to set sail for Constantinople but fell sick and died in the Holy Land.^[8]

News of her death reached Constantinople through Crusading reinforcements from Syria. Baldwin was reportedly afflicted by the death of his wife.^[7] Villehardouin reports that Marie "was a gracious and virtuous lady and greatly honoured".^[7]

Ancestry

Family of Marie of Champagne

16. Theobald III of Blois

8. Stephen, Count of Blois

17. Garsinde du Maine

4. Theobald II of Champagne

18. William the Conqueror

9. Adela of Normandy

19. Matilda of Flanders

2. Henry I of Champagne

20. Engelbert I of Sponheim

10. Engelbert, Duke of Carinthia

21. Hedwig

5. Matilda of Carinthia

22. Ulric of Passau

11. Uta of Passau

23. Adelaide

1. Marie of Champagne

24. Philip I of France

12. Louis VI of France

25. Bertha of Holland

6. Louis VII of France

26. Humbert II of Savoy

13. Adelaide of Maurienne

27. Gisela of Burgundy, Marchioness of Montferrat

3. Marie of France

28. William IX, Duke of Aquitaine

14. William X, Duke of Aquitaine

29. Philippa of Toulouse

7. Eleanor of Aquitaine

30. Aimery I, Viscount of Châtellerault

15. Aenor de Châtellerault

31. Dangerose de l'Isle Bouchard

Notes

^ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1198 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 876).
^ John F. Benton, The Court of Champagne as a Literary Center, in Speculum, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Oct., 1961), p. 551.
^ Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense 89 (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 97, 117; L. Napran (introd. trad. annot.), Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Woodbridge, 2005, pp. 60, 72).
^ Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 171-172). Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 127-128.
^ Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople VI (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 3-4; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908).
^ Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), p. 128.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908)
^ ^a ^b Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908). Cfr. Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884).
^ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884). Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of the Crusades: Volume 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. p. 115.

Historical sources

Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica Alberici Monachi Trium Fontium.
Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense (Chronicle of Hainaut).
Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople

References

Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 111-137 (especially pp. 127-129).
Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of the Crusades: Volume 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. p. 115.

External links

Media related to Maria of Champagne at Wikimedia Commons

Template:MLCC

Royal titles
Marie of Champagne House of Champagne Born: c. 1174 Died: 9 August 1204
Vacant Title last held by Theresa of Portugal	Countess consort of Flanders 1194–1204	Vacant Title next held by Beatrice of Brabant
New title Latin Empire established	Latin Empress consort of Constantinople 1204	Vacant Title next held by Agnes of Montferrat

[1] Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1198 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 876).

[2] John F. Benton, The Court of Champagne as a Literary Center, in Speculum, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Oct., 1961), p. 551.

[3] Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense 89 (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 97, 117; L. Napran (introd. trad. annot.), Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Woodbridge, 2005, pp. 60, 72).

[4] Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 171-172). Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 127-128.

[5] Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople VI (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 3-4; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908).

[6] Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), p. 128.

[GdV_CXXX-7] Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908)

[GdV_CXXX,_AoT-F_1204-8] Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908). Cfr. Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884).

[9] Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884). Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of the Crusades: Volume 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. p. 115.

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