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=== 1997–1998 season: Third Olympics ===
=== 1997–1998 season: Third Olympics ===
During the season, Bonaly was coached by Suzanne Bonaly and [[Tatiana Tarasova]] in Marlborough, United States.<ref name=ISU-SB/>
During the season, Bonaly was coached by Suzanne Bonaly and [[Tatiana Tarasova]] in Marlborough, United States.<ref name=ISU-SB/> At the [[Figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics|1998 Winter Olympics]] in [[Nagano]], Japan, Bonaly placed 6th in the short program. Unable to complete her planned routine or a successful triple lutz due to injury, she decided to perform a backflip landing on one blade during the free skate. Backflips had been banned since 1976 from competitions held under [[International Skating Union|ISU]] rules.<ref name=DS180212/> Bonaly received a deduction but was content with her decision to perform the move.<ref name=Root140218/><ref name=Econ140215/> She finished tenth in Nagano and retired from amateur competition after the event.

As the [[Figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics|1998 Winter Olympics]],in [[Nagano]], Japan, approached, Bonaly suffered an [[Achilles tendon]] injury. The setback made her mere appearance at the Games a struggle, so it wasn’t surprising that her short program landed her in an underwhelming (by her standards) sixth.<ref name="WP-20180221">{{cite news|last1=Root|first1=Tik|title=Twenty years later, figure skating’s most famous back flip remains amazing (and illegal)|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/sports/wp/2018/02/22/twenty-years-later-figure-skatings-most-famous-backflip-remains-amazing-and-illegal/?utm_term=.139deb6529e5|accessdate=23 February 2018|publisher=The Washington Post}}</ref>. The free skate didn’t start well, either, as she was unable to complete her planned routine or a successful triple lutz. "After about three minutes on the ice, Bonaly later said, she knew she was out of medal contention, so she called an audible. “That was my last Olympics, and pretty much my last competition ever,” she told the Root. “I wanted to leave a trademark.”"<ref name="WP-20180221"/> Backflips had been banned since 1976 from competitions held under [[International Skating Union|ISU]] rules.<ref name=DS180212/> Nevertheless, oming in backward for what looked like a jump, she instead reached her hands back behind her head and leaped. Whipping around, Bonaly landed on one blade — an Olympic first that no one has dared to match. “I wanted to do something to please the crowd, not the judges,” she said that night, according to the Miami Herald. “The judges are not pleased no matter what I do, and I knew I couldn’t go forward anyway, because everybody was skating so good.”<ref name="WP-20180221"/>. Bonaly slipped to 10th place to end her Olympic career. But the moment quickly became a cultural touchstone. Bonaly was making a statement not only as an accomplished skater, but also as a black athlete in one of the world’s whitest sports.<ref name="WP-20180221"/>


Her skating clubs were CSG Pralognan<ref name=ISU-SB/> and CSG Champigny.<ref name=SR/>
Her skating clubs were CSG Pralognan<ref name=ISU-SB/> and CSG Champigny.<ref name=SR/>

Revision as of 19:09, 23 February 2018

Surya Bonaly
Bonaly in 1992
Born (1973-12-15) December 15, 1973 (age 50)
Nice, France
Height1.56 m (5 ft 1+1⁄2 in)
Figure skating career
CountryFrance
Began skating1985
Retired1998
Medal record
Women's trampoline
World Championships
Silver medal – second place 1986 Paris Tumbling team
Figure skating: Ladies' singles
Representing  France
World Championships
Silver medal – second place 1993 Prague Ladies' singles
Silver medal – second place 1994 Chiba Ladies' singles
Silver medal – second place 1995 Birmingham Ladies' singles
European Championships
Gold medal – first place 1991 Sofia Ladies' singles
Gold medal – first place 1992 Lausanne Ladies' singles
Gold medal – first place 1993 Helsinki Ladies' singles
Gold medal – first place 1994 Copenhagen Ladies' singles
Gold medal – first place 1995 Dortmund Ladies' singles
Silver medal – second place 1996 Sofia Ladies' singles
World Junior Championships
Gold medal – first place 1991 Budapest Ladies' singles
Silver medal – second place 1990 Colorado Ladies' singles
Bronze medal – third place 1989 Sarajevo Ladies' singles

Surya Bonaly (born December 15, 1973) is a French former competitive figure skater. She is a three-time World silver medalist (1993–1995), a five-time European champion (1991–1995), the 1991 World Junior Champion, and a nine-time French national champion (1989–1997).

Bonaly is the only Olympic figure skater to land a backflip on only one blade; she performed it at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.

Early life

Bonaly was born in Nice, France on December 15, 1973.[1][2] Initially named Claudine, she was adopted at 18 months old by Suzanne and Georges Bonaly, who gave her the name Surya.[3] Suzanne worked as a physical education teacher and Georges as an architect for the government. The couple initially told the media that their daughter had been born on the island of Réunion because they thought this origin sounded more "exotic".[4] When Surya approached the age of 18 and began researching her birth history, her parents admitted that Surya's biological mother had been from the island but that Surya herself had not been born there. Didier Gailhaguet, who was Bonaly's first coach of her competitive career, admitted fabricating the story because he thought it would interest the press.[5]

Career

Early years

Bonaly was originally a competitive gymnast. She began skating as an eleven-year-old in Nice, in 1985,[1] before relocating to Paris.[3] Early media reports said that Gailhaguet discovered Bonaly at a public session, but years later, she said she had wanted to skate in Gailhaguet's competitive skating group and actually asked to participate.[6] She broke both wrists before learning how to fall properly.[7]

1987–1988 to 1989–1990

Bonaly finished 14th at her first ISU Championship, the 1988 Junior Worlds in Brisbane, Australia.

The following season, Bonaly won the bronze medal at 1989 World Junior Championships and her first senior national title. She also began appearing on the senior level, placing eighth at the 1989 European Championships and tenth at 1989 World Championships.

Bonaly was awarded the silver medal behind Japan's Yuka Sato at the 1990 World Junior Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado. She finished fourth at the 1990 European Championships and ninth at the 1990 World Championships.

1990–1991 season: World Junior and European titles

Bonaly began the season with a pair of senior international medals – gold at the 1990 Grand Prix International de Paris and bronze at the 1990 Skate Electric. Making her final junior appearance, she stood on top of the podium at the 1991 World Junior Championships in Budapest, Hungary. After taking her third national title, she competed at the 1991 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria. She was awarded the gold medal ahead of two German skaters, Evelyn Großmann and Marina Kielmann.

Bonaly placed fifth at the 1991 World Championships in Munich, Germany, where she came very close to the first ever ratified quad by a female skater, but had other errors.[8]

1991–1992 season: Second European title and first Olympic appearance

In January 1992, Bonaly outscored Kielmann and Patricia Neske for the gold medal at the European Championships in Lausanne, Switzerland. In February 1992, she took the athlete's oath at the Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. During a practice session, she landed a back flip very close to Japan's Midori Ito and was told by officials not to do it again.[9][10] Officials believed that other skaters might be intimidated in practice sessions.[10] She became the first woman to attempt a quadruple toe loop in competition but the jump was not fully rotated in the air and she had to complete the rotation on the ice. Due to the underrotation, the quad would be downgraded under the ISU Judging System.[9] Although the door was open for her to medal after Ito and Harding had finished in 4th and 6th in the short program, and Kristi Yamaguchi and Nancy Kerrigan both made major errors in the long skating just before her, she placed 6th in the free skate and 5th overall.

After the Olympics, Bonaly parted ways with Gailhaguet and joined André Brunet, who coached her for one month.[11][12] She concluded her season at the 1992 World Championships in Oakland, California. Ranked tenth in the short and 12th in the free, she finished 11th overall, making a number of jumping errors in both programs. She was so distraught with her poor performances and how she was marked that she considered turning pro midway through the event.[13]

1992–1993 season: First World silver medal

Bonaly was coached mainly by her mother from April to September 1992 and also made two month-long visits, in June and September, to Frank Carroll in southern California; although she wanted to stay with Carroll permanently, the French skating federation was opposed to its skaters training abroad.[12] Alain Giletti became her coach, commuting four times a week by train from Tours to Paris, and her mother filled in during his absences.[12]

Bonaly won the 1993 European Championships in Helsinki, having placed first in both segments ahead of Ukraine's Oksana Baiul and Germany's Marina Kielmann. At the 1993 World Championships in Prague, she took silver behind Oksana Baiul, who narrowly took the title with higher presentation scores.[14] Like bronze medalist Lu Chen, Bonaly had significantly more technical content than the winner. Bonaly performed seven triples, a triple-triple combination, and two triple lutzes, while Baiul performed five triples but did not attempt a jump combination.

1993–1994 season

In January 1994, Bonaly placed first in all segments on her way to her fourth consecutive continental title at the Europeans Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark. The other medalists were Baiul and Russia's Olga Markova. A month later, she competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. Ranked third in the short program and fourth in the free skate, she finished fourth overall behind Baiul, Nancy Kerrigan, and Chen Lu; she had two misses on the triple lutz, a singled jump early in her long program, and a fall on the second attempt.

At the 1994 World Championships in Chiba, Japan – where the three Olympic medalists did not compete – Bonaly's final overall score was equal to home country favorite Yuka Sato, who would be awarded the gold medal after a 5-4 tiebreaker decision.[15] Upset by the result, Bonaly stood beside the medals platform rather than on it. She eventually stepped onto the platform but took off her silver medal after it was presented to her; she was immediately booed by the crowd.[16] After the medals presentation, Bonaly's only statement to reporters was: "I'm just not lucky."

1994–1995 season: Fifth European title

In 1995, Bonaly won the European Championships for the fifth time, overtaking short-program winner Markova. At the 1995 World Championships in Birmingham, England, she placed fourth in the short program but rose to second after the free skate. She was awarded her third World silver medal, behind Chen Lu of China.[17] For the third consecutive year she lost the gold medal by just one judge and one-tenth of a point. Her free skate had the most difficult technical content, with two triple lutzes, two triple-triple combos, and seven triples. For Bonaly to win, another skater would need to place ahead of short program leader Nicole Bobek.[citation needed]

1995–1996 season

In autumn 1995, Bonaly competed in the inaugural ISU Champions Series. She finished third and fourth at her assignments, which was not enough to qualify to the seven-woman final. Ranked first in the short program and second in the free skate, Bonaly took silver behind Russia's Irina Slutskaya at the 1996 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria. She finished fifth at the 1996 World Championships in Edmonton, having placed seventh in the short where she fell on a triple lutz, and fifth in the free. She landed no more than four clean triples in any free skate during the season.

1996–1997 season

In May 1996, Bonaly ruptured her achilles tendon while doing acrobatics.[18] Due to the injury, she missed much of the following season.[19] The French federation initially decided not to name her to the 1997 European Championships in Paris, believing that she lacked fitness, but Bonaly successfully appealed.[18] She finished 9th overall after placing 6th in qualifying group B, 6th in the short program, and 10th in the free skate. She was not included in France's two-women team to the World Championships, passed over in favor of Vanessa Gusmeroli, the top French finisher at Europeans, and Laetitia Hubert who placed behind Bonaly at the same event.

1997–1998 season: Third Olympics

During the season, Bonaly was coached by Suzanne Bonaly and Tatiana Tarasova in Marlborough, United States.[1]

As the 1998 Winter Olympics,in Nagano, Japan, approached, Bonaly suffered an Achilles tendon injury. The setback made her mere appearance at the Games a struggle, so it wasn’t surprising that her short program landed her in an underwhelming (by her standards) sixth.[20]. The free skate didn’t start well, either, as she was unable to complete her planned routine or a successful triple lutz. "After about three minutes on the ice, Bonaly later said, she knew she was out of medal contention, so she called an audible. “That was my last Olympics, and pretty much my last competition ever,” she told the Root. “I wanted to leave a trademark.”"[20] Backflips had been banned since 1976 from competitions held under ISU rules.[21] Nevertheless, oming in backward for what looked like a jump, she instead reached her hands back behind her head and leaped. Whipping around, Bonaly landed on one blade — an Olympic first that no one has dared to match. “I wanted to do something to please the crowd, not the judges,” she said that night, according to the Miami Herald. “The judges are not pleased no matter what I do, and I knew I couldn’t go forward anyway, because everybody was skating so good.”[20]. Bonaly slipped to 10th place to end her Olympic career. But the moment quickly became a cultural touchstone. Bonaly was making a statement not only as an accomplished skater, but also as a black athlete in one of the world’s whitest sports.[20]

Her skating clubs were CSG Pralognan[1] and CSG Champigny.[2]

Later career

Bonaly toured with the Champions on Ice skating show for several years[22] until it went out of business after 2007. She also performed in shows in Russia with Evgeni Plushenko and was a guest skater at Ice Theatre of New York's December 2008 gala in NYC where she successfully performed her backflip.[23]

Bonaly was an off-screen character on the "Will on Ice" episode of NBC's Will & Grace which originally aired on January 12, 1999.[24] In 2010, she was a finalist on La Ferme Célébrités season 3.[25] In 2015, she underwent surgery after the discovery of numerous cysts along her spinal cord, ending her performing career.[7]

As of September 2016, Bonaly was coaching in Minnesota.[7]

Personal life

Bonaly became an American citizen in January 2004.[5] After living in Las Vegas, Nevada,[23] she moved to Minnesota.[7] Bonaly became engaged to skating coach Pete Biver on September 18, 2016.[7]

Bonaly, a vegetarian,[26][27] has appeared in many PETA ads in both English and French, against Canada's seal hunt and against the fur trade.[28][29][30]

Programs

Season Short program Free skating
1997–98
[1]

Competitive highlights

International[1]
Event 87–88 88–89 89–90 90–91 91–92 92–93 93–94 94–95 95–96 96–97 97–98
Olympics 5th 4th 10th
Worlds 10th 9th 5th 11th 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th
Europeans 8th 4th 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd 9th 6th
Cup of Russia 4th
Lalique 7th 1st 1st 5th 1st 1st 1st 3rd
Nations Cup 1st
NHK Trophy 2nd 1st 1st 2nd 4th
Skate America 6th 5th 3rd 2nd 1st 4th
Skate Canada 7th 1st 3rd
Goodwill Games 3rd 1st
Nebelhorn Trophy 2nd 1st
Piruetten 4th
International: Junior[1]
Junior Worlds 14th 3rd 2nd 1st
National[3]
French Champ. 4th 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Surya BONALY". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b "Surya Bonaly". Sports Reference.
  3. ^ a b c "Biographies: BONALY Surya" (in French). Fédération Française des Sports de Glace. Archived from the original on April 2, 2007.
  4. ^ Wallechinsky, David. Complete Book of the Winter Olympics.
  5. ^ a b Mullen, Maureen (April 2, 2004). "Positive spin". Boston Globe.
  6. ^ Farris, Jo Ann Schneider (May 24, 2009). "Surya Wants to Help Today's Young Skaters". IceNetwork.
  7. ^ a b c d e Du, Susan (September 7, 2016). "Figure skating's bad-girl star Surya Bonaly makes new life in Minnesota". City Pages.
  8. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xTMfs4RWQI
  9. ^ a b "French skater comes close in bid for first quad toe loop". Toledo Blade. 22 February 1992. Retrieved May 5, 2016 – via Google.
  10. ^ a b "Bonaly kicks up controversy, draws warning for back flip". Baltimore Sun. February 21, 1992.
  11. ^ "Surya s'eclipse". L'Humanité (in French). 31 March 1992.
  12. ^ a b c Clarey, Christopher (17 December 1992). "California Training Helps Bonaly Bloom: French Skater Discovers U.S." The New York Times.
  13. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1A3AY-_GP7c
  14. ^ Bondy, Filip (14 March 1993). "FIGURE SKATING; Ukraine's Rising Star Sets Worlds Ablaze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
  15. ^ "FIGURE SKATING; Cheers for Sato of Japan; Tears for Bonaly of France". The New York Times. 27 March 1994. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
  16. ^ 1994 World Figure Skating Championship Medal Ceremony, Youtube.com
  17. ^ Clarey, Christopher (12 March 1995). "FIGURE SKATING; Chinese Skater Glides to World Title as Bobek Falls to the Bronze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
  18. ^ a b "Figure skating: Arrowsmith on target". The Independent. January 20, 1997.
  19. ^ Penner, Mike (February 20, 1998). "It's a Small World – Kwan, Lipinski Will Be in a Class of Their Own". Los Angeles Times.
  20. ^ a b c d Root, Tik. "Twenty years later, figure skating's most famous back flip remains amazing (and illegal)". The Washington Post. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  21. ^ Meyers, Dvora (February 12, 2018). "No, The Backflip Was Not Banned In Figure Skating Because Of Surya Bonaly". deadspin.com.
  22. ^ "Decazeville. " La seule à faire le salto arrière "". ladepeche.fr. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
  23. ^ a b "Surya Bonaly Lives in Las Vegas and That's Totally by Accident". Lifeskate.com. December 22, 2008.
  24. ^ ""Will on Ice" of NBC's "Will and Grace"".
  25. ^ "Surya Bonaly quitte la Ferme Célébrités en Afrique" [Surya Bonaly leaves Ferme Célébrités en Afrique] (in French). Star Agora. April 6, 2010. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  26. ^ "International Vegetarian Union – Surya Bonaly". Ivu.org. Retrieved December 25, 2008.
  27. ^ Nieman, David C. (December 19, 2006). "Vegetarian diets, when properly planned, provide all the nutrients you need". Citizen-times.com. Retrieved December 25, 2008.
  28. ^ ""Get the violence off the ice. Stop the Canadian seal hunt."". PETA. Archived from the original on 2008-06-26. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ ""I feel free on the ice and so should baby seals."". PETA.
  30. ^ ""I'd rather skate naked than wear fur."". PETA.

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