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== History ==
== History ==
The CRT is part of the central government's project to [[China Western Development|develop the Western regions]] and the [[Japan Bank for International Cooperation]] provided part of the funding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jbic.go.jp/japanese/base/release/oec/2000/nr64d.php |date=2000 |accessdate=27 September 2007 |title=中国の環境汚染対策、内陸部開発等を支援〜2000年度対中国円借款1,971億9,700万円を供与〜|publisher=Japan Bank for International Corporation |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032710/http://www.jbic.go.jp/japanese/base/release/oec/2000/nr64d.php |archivedate=27 September 2007 |df=dmy |language=ja}}</ref> Construction was carried out in cooperation between [[Changchun Car Company|Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd.]] and [[Hitachi Monorail]], using advanced [[Monorails in Japan|Japanese monorail]] technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2005/2041017_12602.html |date=2005 |accessdate=5 October 2006 |title=China's First Urban Monorail System in Chongqing|publisher=Hitachi Ltd. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105221245/http://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2005/2041017_12602.html |archivedate=5 November 2006 |df=dmy }}</ref> Construction on Line 2 began in 1999, and it was officially opened in June 2005 from Jiaochangkou (Jiefangbei CBD) to Zoo ([[Chongqing Zoo]]).
The CRT is part of the central government's project to [[China Western Development|develop the Western regions]], and the [[Japan Bank for International Cooperation]] provided part of the funding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jbic.go.jp/japanese/base/release/oec/2000/nr64d.php |date=2000 |accessdate=27 September 2007 |title=中国の環境汚染対策、内陸部開発等を支援〜2000年度対中国円借款1,971億9,700万円を供与〜|publisher=Japan Bank for International Corporation |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032710/http://www.jbic.go.jp/japanese/base/release/oec/2000/nr64d.php |archivedate=27 September 2007 |df=dmy |language=ja}}</ref> Construction was carried out, with co-operation between [[Changchun Car Company|Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd.]] and [[Hitachi Monorail]. They used advanced [[Monorails in Japan|Japanese monorail]] technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2005/2041017_12602.html |date=2005 |accessdate=5 October 2006 |title=China's First Urban Monorail System in Chongqing|publisher=Hitachi Ltd. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105221245/http://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2005/2041017_12602.html |archivedate=5 November 2006 |df=dmy }}</ref> Construction on Line 2 began in 1999, and it was officially opened in June 2005 from Jiaochangkou (Jiefangbei CBD) to Zoo ([[Chongqing Zoo]]).


=== Planning timeline ===
=== Planning timeline ===

==== 1946 ====
==== 1946 ====
[[Nationalist government]] made a plan of high-speed tram system. The rail weighs 47.77 kg/m, with a rail gauge of 1000 mm, a maximum slope of 9%, a minimum radius of curvature of 80 m. The top speed is {{Convert|25|kph|mph|abbr=on}} in the urban area, and {{Convert|45|kph|mph|abbr=on}} in the suburban area. The train is 8-meter-long, 1.8-meter-wide, with two 35-horsepower motors and a trailer. Each train takes 240 passengers. The headway was designed to be 10 minutes. The system was expected to carry 1 million passengers per day. Some of the tracks are underground.
The [[Nationalist government]] made a plan of high-speed tram system. The rail weighs 47.77 kg/m, with a rail gauge of 1000 mm, a maximum slope of 9%, a minimum radius of curvature of 80 m. The top speed is {{Convert|25|kph|mph|abbr=on}} in the urban area and {{Convert|45|kph|mph|abbr=on}} in the suburban area. The train was 8 m long, 1.8 m wide, with two 35-horsepower motors and a trailer. Each train took 240 passengers. The headway was designed to be 10 minutes. The system was expected to carry 1 million passengers per day. Some of the tracks were underground.
* Line A, Longmenhao – Ciqikou, 9 Stations, {{Convert|14.75|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* Line A, Longmenhao – Ciqikou, 9 Stations, {{Convert|14.75|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* Line B, Longmenhao – Nanwenquan, 7 Stations, {{Convert|19.49|km|mi|abbr=on}}
* Line B, Longmenhao – Nanwenquan, 7 Stations, {{Convert|19.49|km|mi|abbr=on}}
Line 259: Line 258:


==== 1960 ====
==== 1960 ====
A {{Convert|100|km|mi|-long|abbr=on|adj=mid}} underground rapid rail transit system which links the city center with Xinpaifang, Xiaolongkan, Yangjiaping, Shiqiaopu, Lianglukou, etc. was planned.
A {{Convert|100|km|mi|-long|abbr=on|adj=mid}} underground rapid rail transit system, linking the city center with Xinpaifang, Xiaolongkan, Yangjiaping, Shiqiaopu, Lianglukou, etc., was planned.


==== 1983 ====
==== 1983 ====
A {{Convert|12.2|km|mi|-long|abbr=on|adj=mid}} subway line (Chaotianmen – Yangjiaping) was planned. This route is the precursor to today's Line 2.
A {{Convert|12.2|km|mi|-long|abbr=on|adj=mid}} subway line (Chaotianmen – Yangjiaping) was planned. It is the precursor to today's Line 2.


==== 1991 ====
==== 1991 ====
Line 272: Line 271:


==== 1998 ====
==== 1998 ====
A refreshed edition of the 1991 plan. The total length is about {{Convert|119|km|mi|abbr=on}}.
In a refreshed edition of the 1991 plan, the total length was about {{Convert|119|km|mi|abbr=on}}.
* Line 1: Chaotianmen – Shuangbei.
* Line 1: Chaotianmen – Shuangbei.
* Line 2: Chaotianmen – Jiugongmiao.
* Line 2: Chaotianmen – Jiugongmiao.
Line 279: Line 278:
* Line 5: Tongjiayuanzi – Zhongliangshan.
* Line 5: Tongjiayuanzi – Zhongliangshan.


==== 2003 & 2007 ====
==== 2003 and 2007 ====
Two similar expanded editions of the 1998 plan. It includes 10 lines with the total length of about {{Convert|522|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The Line 4 in the previous blueprint received a huge update and was renamed to Loop Line according to its new shape.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=直辖十年重庆城市交通规划与实践|last=Jiang|first=Yong|publisher=Chongqing University Press|year=2007|isbn=9787562441281|location=|page=152|language=zh-cn|via=}}</ref>
Two similar expanded editions of the 1998 plan included 10 lines, with a total length of about {{Convert|522|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Line 4 in the previous blueprint received a huge update and was renamed to Loop Line, according to its new shape.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=直辖十年重庆城市交通规划与实践|last=Jiang|first=Yong|publisher=Chongqing University Press|year=2007|isbn=9787562441281|location=|page=152|language=zh-cn|via=}}</ref>


==== 2013 ====
==== 2013 ====
The current plan. An expanded edition of the 2007 plan. The length was about {{Convert|820|km|mi|abbr=on}}. 8 new lines were merged to the plan as well as some minor modifications.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2013-02/23/content_2338396.htm|title=重庆城市轨道交通近期建设规划(2012-2020年)获批|last=|first=|date=23 February 2013|work=|access-date=9 August 2016|publisher=Chongqing Daily|language=zh-cn|via=}}</ref>
The current plan is an expanded edition of the 2007 pla, with a length of about {{Convert|820|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Eight new lines were merged to the plan, with some minor modifications.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2013-02/23/content_2338396.htm|title=重庆城市轨道交通近期建设规划(2012-2020年)获批|last=|first=|date=23 February 2013|work=|access-date=9 August 2016|publisher=Chongqing Daily|language=zh-cn|via=}}</ref>


=== Testing timeline ===
=== Testing timeline ===
These tests left some tunnels, which were re-used in the construction of Lines 1 and 2.
The tests left some tunnels, which were reused in the construction of Lines 1 and 2.
* Late 1958. "Yuzhong District Subway Engineering Unit" was started only to be suspended one year later.
* In late 1958, the "Yuzhong District Subway Engineering Unit" was started, only to be suspended one year later.
* 1965. "Yuzhong District Subway Engineering Units" was reinstated. It has 4 units including more than 1000 workers in total. The construction was stopped again in Late 1966 due to the [[Cultural Revolution]]. The units was officially disbanded again in 1971. The completed tunnel sections were taken over by the Civil Air Defense Department.
* In 1965, the unit was reinstated. It has 4 units, including more than 1000 workers in total. Construction was stopped again in late 1966 by the [[Cultural Revolution]]. The unit was officially disbanded again in 1971. The completed tunnel sections were taken over by the Civil Air Defense Department.
* 1988. Some foreign businessmen arrived to start a metro company located in Lianglukou. The original completed tunnel sections where extended.<ref name=":0" />
* 1988. Some foreign businessmen arrived to start a metro company located in Lianglukou. The original completed tunnel sections where extended.<ref name=":0" />


Revision as of 17:09, 18 March 2018

Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT Logo.svg
Overview
Native name重庆轨道交通
OwnerChongqing City Transportation Development & Investment (Group) Co., Ltd.
Area servedChongqing Urban Area
LocaleChongqing, China
Transit typeUrban rail transit in China rapid transit
Urban rail transit in China straddle-beam monorail
Number of lines6
Line numberAdd→{{rail-interchange}} Add→{{rail-interchange}} Add→{{rail-interchange}} Add→{{rail-interchange}} Add→{{rail-interchange}} Add→{{rail-interchange}}
Number of stations153[Note 1]
Daily ridership1.895 million (2016 Avg.)
2.782 million (peak on 9 March 2018)[1]
Annual ridership693 million (2016)[1]
Chief executiveLe Mei
Headquarters123 Renming Rd., Yuzhong District, Chongqing
Websitehttp://www.cqmetro.cn
Operation
Began operation6 November 2004 (trial)
18 June 2005 (officially)
Operator(s)Chongqing Rail Transit (Group) Co., Ltd.
Number of vehicles274[1]
Headway2′30″ to 12′[1]
Technical
System length264.3 km (164.2 mi)
Track gaugeUrban rail transit in China 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
ElectrificationUrban rail transit in China 1500 V DC overhead line
Urban rail transit in China 1500 V DC third rail
Average speedUrban rail transit in China 50 km/h (31 mph)
Urban rail transit in China 40 km/h (25 mph)[1]
Top speedUrban rail transit in China 100 km/h (62 mph)
Urban rail transit in China 75 km/h (47 mph)
System map

Chongqing Rail Transit
Simplified Chinese重庆轨道交通
Traditional Chinese重慶軌道交通
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChóngqìng Gǔidào Jiāotōng
other Mandarin
Sichuanese PinyinCong2qin4 Gui3dao4 Jiao1tong1

The Chongqing Rail Transit, branded as CRT and also known as Chongqing Metro, is the rapid transit system in the city of Chongqing, China. In operation since 2005, it serves the transportation needs of the city's main business and entertainment downtown areas and inner suburbs.

As of December 2017, CRT consisted of six lines, with a total track length of 264 km (164 mi).[2] Lines 1, 5, 6 and 10 are conventional heavy-rail subways, and Lines 2 and 3 are high-capacity monorails. A network of 18 lines is planned.

To keep up with demand, construction is under way on Lines 4, 9, and a loop line, in addition to extensions to Lines 1, 5, and 10.

The Chongqing Metro is a unique transit system in China because of the geography of Chongqing, in a densely-populated but mountainous city, with multiple river valleys. Two lines use heavy monorail technology, leveraging the ability to negotiate steep grades and tight curves but still having rapid transit capacity, and are capable of transporting 32,000 passengers per hour per direction.[3] At 98 km (61 mi),[4] the system's two monorail lines form the longest monorail system in the world,[5] with the 55.5 km (34.5 mi) Line 3 being the world's longest single monorail line, even if the 9.97 km (6.20 mi) Airport Branch is excluded.[6][7] The large length and high capacity of its monorail network also allows it to be the world's busiest monorail system, with 94 million and 250 million annual rides in 2015 on Line 2 and 3 respectively.[8] That also makes Line 3 is the world's busiest single monorail line.

The extreme difference in elevation between the river valleys and hilly plateaus on which Chongqing poses a unique challenge in designing alignments for conventional rail transit lines. The network currently has the world's highest metro-only bridge, the Caijia Rail Transit Bridge for Line 6, spanning the Jialing River valley, with the bridge deck being approximately 100 meters above the water.[9] Hongtudi Station is the deepest subway station in China and the second deepest in the world after Kiev Metro's Arsenalna station with Line 10 platforms being more than 94 meters below the surface.[10] Liyuchi Station, also on Line 10, is the second deepest station in China being 76 meters below the surface.[11]

The Chongqing Metro is also in the process of constructing a number of extremely-long metro-only suspension bridges. The 1,650 meter long Egongyan Rail Transit Bridge, will carry the southern arc of the Loop Line across the Yangtze River and use a 600 meter suspension main span, making it the longest metro-only bridge by main span in the world.[12] The Nanjimen Bridge will carry Line 10 trains across a 1,225 meter long cable-stayed bridge, with a main span of 480 meters, making it the longest metro-only cable stayed bridge by main span in the world, suppressing the Vancouver Skybridge.[13] Lastly, the Gaojiahuayuan Rail Transit Bridge will carry the western arc of the Loop Line over the Jialing River by using a 577 meter bridge, with a main span of 340 meters.[14] In addition, Chongqing Metro has numerous double-deck bridges for roads and transit lines, such as the Chaotianmen Bridge, which is the world's longest arch bridge.

Network

Timelapse of the Chongqing Rail Transit.
Map of Chongqing Rail Transit
Line Terminals
(District) 		Opened Newest extension Cars [Note 2] Length
(km) 		Stations
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} Xiaoshizi (Yuzhong) Jiandingpo (Shapingba) 2011 2014 6B 38.9 23
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} Jiaochangkou (Yuzhong) Yudong (Ba'nan) 2005 2014 4/6HL 31.4 25
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} Yudong (Ba'nan) Terminal 2 of Jiangbei Airport (Yubei) 2011 2016 6/8HL 56.1 45
Bijin (Yubei) Jurenba (Yubei) 6HL 11.0
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} The EXPO Garden Center (Yubei) Dalongshan (Jiangbei) 2017 - 6As 17 9
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} Chayuan (Nan'an) Beibei (Beibei) 2012 2015 6B 63.3 33
Lijia (Yubei) Yuelai (Yubei) 12.6
Urban rail transit in China Add→{{rail-interchange}} Liyuchi (Jiangbei) Wangjiazhuang (Yubei) 2017 - 6As 34 18
Urban rail transit in China Sub-Total (Heavy-rail) 165.8 83[Note 3]
Urban rail transit in China Sub-Total (Monorail) 98.5 70[Note 4]
Grand Total 264.3 153

Line 1

Main article: Line 1, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT1 Logo.png
CRT Line 1's logo.

Line 1 runs 16.4 km (10.2 mi) from Chaotianmen, in the central west, to Shapingba and then to Jiandingpo with a length of 38.9 km (24.2 mi). It has 23 stations, including interchange stations with Line 2, at Template:CRT stations in Jeifangbei CBD and Template:CRT stations, and with Line 3, at Lianglukou, near Chongqing Rail Station, in the Caiyuanba section of central Yuzhong. It is the first heavy-rail subway line, the second in Western China. The passenger capacity is 36,000 passengers per hour in each way. The line serves as the system's backbone connecting the densest areas including the main Central Business Districts of Jiefangbei, Lianglukou, Daping, and Shapingba. It is the first conventional subway, running in a deep-bored tunnel below Yuzhong and Shapingba Districts.

In 1992, the Chongqing government signed a Build-Operate-Transfer agreement with a Hong Kong company and provided the land for the project, but work ceased in 1997 because of legal issues.[15] Work resumed from Chaotianmen to Shapingba on 9 June 2009, and a limited openng occurred on 28 July 2011.[16] Thales provided an operations centre for the line.

Line 2

Main article: Line 2, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT2 Logo.png
CRT Line 2's logo.
Zoo station, CRT Line 2.

Line 2, a monorail line, runs 31.4 km (19.5 mi) and has 25 stations. It begins as a subway under downtown Jiefangbei, then runs west along the southern bank of Jialing River on an elevated line, and then turns south into the southwestern inner suburbs, looping back east, to terminate at Yudong, in Ba'nan District. It runs mostly elevated, but a 2.2 km (1.4 mi) section is underground, including three of its 18 stations in the Jiefangbei CBD and central Daping areas in the extremely-dense area of Yuzhong District. Line 2 runs through four administrative districts in the central city (Yuzhong, Jiulongpo, Dadukou, and Ba'nan). In 2010, Line 2 served 45 million passengers.[17] It also runs through Daping CBD and Yangjiaping CBD in Jiulongpo District and Chongqing Zoo at Zoo Station. Most trains have four cars, and six-car trains began to operate in September 2012.[18] Line 2 is the first rapid transit line to open in the Interior West of China, in 2005. In 2013, six-car trains are being implemented because of overcrowding and increasing demand.[19]

Line 3

Main article: Line 3, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT3 Logo.png
CRT Line 3's logo.

Line 3 runs from north to south and links the districts separated by the Yangtze (Chang Jiang) and the Jialing Rivers. The initial segment, from Lianglukou to Yuanyang (18 stations, 17.5 km (10.9 mi)), opened on 29 September 2011, with a northern extension, from Yuanyang to Jiangbei Airport, opening on 30 December 2011.[20] A southern extension, from Ertang to Yudong, opened on 28 December 2012.[21]

Most trains have six cars, more than on the older Line 2. The line started to equip eight-car trains in 2014, which are now in operation.[22] There are interchange stations in central Yuzhong district with Line 1, at Lianglukou (Caiyuanba Intercity Railway/Coach Station), and with Line 2, at Template:CRTs.

Line 5

Main article: Line 5, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT5 Logo.png
CRT Line 5's logo.

Line 5 is a northeast-southwest heavy-rail line crossing the centre, and the northern section of phase 1, from the Garden Expo Center to Dalongshan, opened in 28 December 2017. It connects Yubei, Jiangbei, Yuzhong, Jiulongpo and Dadukou districts, and the extension line from Tiaodeng (the southern terminal) to Jiangjin is under construction. New six-car trains were introduced on the line.

Line 6

Main article: Line 6, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT6 Logo.png
CRT Line 6's logo.

Line 6 is the second heavy-rail subway. Opened on 28 September 2012, it connects Nan'an, Yuzhong, and Jiangbei Districts, in central Chongqing.

A northern branch, from Lijia to Wulukou, Beibei District, was opened on 31 December 2013,[23] 26.2 km (16.3 mi) long with five stations. Phase 1 of the Chayuan extension was opened in 2014. Thales provided an operations control Centre for the line.

Line 10

Main article: Line 10, Chongqing Rail Transit
File:CRT10 Logo.png
CRT Line 10's logo.

The line serves the North Railway station and the airport terminals. The first phase (Liyuchi to Wangjiazhuang) opened in 28 December 2017, and the second phase will connect Yuzhong and Nan'an District by crossing the Jialing and the Yangtze Rivers. Two new bridges, Zengjiayan Jialing River Bridge and Nanjimen Railway Bridge, are under construction for train services to the south.

Fares

Single-journey ticket

File:Oneway Ticket of Chongqing Rail Transit.jpg
Single-journey ticket, which was released in 2014

Tickets range from CN¥2 (0.31 USD) to ¥7 (1.09 USD), depending on the distance. Day passes cost ¥18 (2.79 USD).

Refund

Only unused tickets bought on the same day and at the same station can be refunded without an explanation. If the train was delayed for over 15 minutes, the tickets may be refunded, and a certificate of delay can be acquired.

Transport cards

CRT accepts Life & Transport Card (Chongqing Universal Card, released by Chongqing City Card Payment Co., Ltd.) and its compatible cards, released by partner companies in other cities of China. There is a 10% discount applied to the Regular Card if it is used on public transit in the city. The higher price is payed for transfers between the bus and the metro within 1 hour (not including metro-to-metro, according to the paying time). The Regular Card can be purchased at any CRT station, and a deposit can be recovered when the card is returned with its receipt. In addition the card can be used in many shops, cinemas, restaurants, etc. in Chongqing. The Students' Card and the Elders' Card can't be directly used on the metro since their monthly fee covers only buses unless a cash sub-account, which allows a 50% discount, is added to the cards for free at the service points.

Time limit

All trips must be completed in 3 hours upon entering the fare-paid area, or the highest ticket price in the system will be charged in addition.[24]

Operation

For every terminal or branch terminal, the first train leaves at 6:30, and the last leaves at 22:30.

However, Lines 5 and 10 end their operations at 20:30.

During times of heavy use such as major events, CRT may close some stations to avoid overcrowding. In 2017, CRT closed Xiaoshizi, Jiaochangkou, Qixinggang, Lianglukou, Shapingba, Xiaolongkan, Linjiangmen, Huaxinjie, Guanyinqiao, Hongqihegou, The Grand Theater, and Shangxinjie Station after 19:00 on Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and New Year Eve.[25]

Wi-fi

Free Wi-fi is provided on most platforms and trains on Lines 1 and 6 at 5 GHz. An app, Heikuai (Chinese: 嘿快), is required.[26]

Accessibility

Almost every station has accessible elevators and toilets, and almost every train has wheelchair locks. Only the oldest rolling stock and toilets of Line 2 are not fully accessible. In addition, many older interchange channels between lines are not designed with accessibility in mind, which means the disabled there must transfer by the main concourse.[27]

Luggage rack

The trains on Line 10, which links Jiangbei Airport and Chongqing North railway station, are equipped with a luggage rack on each car.[28]

History

The CRT is part of the central government's project to develop the Western regions, and the Japan Bank for International Cooperation provided part of the funding.[29] Construction was carried out, with co-operation between Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd. and [[Hitachi Monorail]. They used advanced Japanese monorail technology.[30] Construction on Line 2 began in 1999, and it was officially opened in June 2005 from Jiaochangkou (Jiefangbei CBD) to Zoo (Chongqing Zoo).

Planning timeline

1946

The Nationalist government made a plan of high-speed tram system. The rail weighs 47.77 kg/m, with a rail gauge of 1000 mm, a maximum slope of 9%, a minimum radius of curvature of 80 m. The top speed is 25 km/h (16 mph) in the urban area and 45 km/h (28 mph) in the suburban area. The train was 8 m long, 1.8 m wide, with two 35-horsepower motors and a trailer. Each train took 240 passengers. The headway was designed to be 10 minutes. The system was expected to carry 1 million passengers per day. Some of the tracks were underground.

  • Line A, Longmenhao – Ciqikou, 9 Stations, 14.75 km (9.17 mi)
  • Line B, Longmenhao – Nanwenquan, 7 Stations, 19.49 km (12.11 mi)
  • Line C, Longmenhao – Datiankan, 3 Stations, 6.9 km (4.3 mi)

1960

A 100 km-long (62 mi) underground rapid rail transit system, linking the city center with Xinpaifang, Xiaolongkan, Yangjiaping, Shiqiaopu, Lianglukou, etc., was planned.

1983

A 12.2 km-long (7.6 mi) subway line (Chaotianmen – Yangjiaping) was planned. It is the precursor to today's Line 2.

1991

A 55 km-long (34 mi) monorail system was planned.

  • Chaotianmen – Shapingba (– Shuangbei), the forerunner of Line 1.
  • Chaotianmen – Xinshancun (– Jiugongmiao), the forerunner of Line 2.
  • Airport Line: Xinpaifang – Nanping (– Sigongli), the forerunner of Line 3.
  • Link Line: Yangjiaping – Shiqiaopu.

1998

In a refreshed edition of the 1991 plan, the total length was about 119 km (74 mi).

  • Line 1: Chaotianmen – Shuangbei.
  • Line 2: Chaotianmen – Jiugongmiao.
  • Line 3: Jiangbei Airport – Sigongli.
  • Line 4: Sigongli – Shiqiaopu. (evolved from Link Line in the previous edition)
  • Line 5: Tongjiayuanzi – Zhongliangshan.

2003 and 2007

Two similar expanded editions of the 1998 plan included 10 lines, with a total length of about 522 km (324 mi). Line 4 in the previous blueprint received a huge update and was renamed to Loop Line, according to its new shape.[15]

2013

The current plan is an expanded edition of the 2007 pla, with a length of about 820 km (510 mi). Eight new lines were merged to the plan, with some minor modifications.[31]

Testing timeline

The tests left some tunnels, which were reused in the construction of Lines 1 and 2.

  • In late 1958, the "Yuzhong District Subway Engineering Unit" was started, only to be suspended one year later.
  • In 1965, the unit was reinstated. It has 4 units, including more than 1000 workers in total. Construction was stopped again in late 1966 by the Cultural Revolution. The unit was officially disbanded again in 1971. The completed tunnel sections were taken over by the Civil Air Defense Department.
  • 1988. Some foreign businessmen arrived to start a metro company located in Lianglukou. The original completed tunnel sections where extended.[15]

Opening timeline

Technology

Line Rolling stock Signal system Ticket system provider Notes
Manufacturer Trains[Note 2] Manufacturer Type
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 6As 66 Traffic Control Technology[Note 5] CBTC Potevio [32]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 6B 36 Siemens CBTC
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Hitachi 4HL 2 The Nippon Signal [ja] ABS
CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 4HL 25
6HL 22
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 6HL 68 Hitachi CBTC
8HL 15
Add→{{rail-interchange}} TBA 6As 13 United Mechanical & Electrical [zh] CBTC
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock 6As 39 China Railway Signal & Communication Co, Ltd [zh] CBTC
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 6B 41 Siemens CBTC
Add→{{rail-interchange}} CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles 6As 26 China Academy of Railway Sciences [zh] CBTC

Visual design

Unlike most metro systems of other cities in China, CRT did not follow the design style of MTR Corporation in Hong Kong. The signage system was designed by GK Design Group in Japan, and the monorail lines are based on Hitachi Monorail technology. That gives the Chongqing Rail Transit a distinctive Japanese aesthetic, in contrast to other metro systems in China.[33]

Line theme

CRT gave each line a theme about the local culture, and the stations on the line will have some art works in the theme.[34]

Line Theme
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Memories
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Folk
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Civilization's Journey
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Life
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Sister Cities
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Cultural Characters
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Landscape
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Historical Figures
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Old Towns
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Cultural Heritage
TBA

Future

CRT is expected to have 8 lines criss-crossing the urban districts by 2020 and a loop line connecting the commercial areas in the urban area. The other 8 lines are expected to be in operation by 2050.[31]

Map of Chongqing Rail Transit 2022 Plan

Lines under construction

Planned opening Project Terminals Track type Cars [Note 2] Length (km) New stations Start of construction Status Notes
August 2018 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 1 Min'an Ave. Tangjiatuo Heavy-rail 6As 17.6 8 3 December 2013 Under construction [35]
December 2018 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Northeastern Section (through Chongqing North Railway Station) Template:CRTs Template:CRTs Heavy-rail 6As 30.1 22 28 October 2013 Under construction [36]
2019 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Southwestern Section (through Chongqing West Railway Station) Template:CRTs Template:CRTs Heavy-rail 6As 20.8 11 28 October 2013 Under construction [36]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Bishan Extension Jiandingpo Bishan Heavy-rail 6B 5.6 1 18 June 2014 Under construction [37]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 1 - Southern Section Xietaizi Tiaodeng Heavy-rail 6As 15.8 13 3 December 2013 Under construction [35]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Jiangjin line - Phase 1 Tiaodeng Shengquansi Heavy-rail 6As 26.7 6 10 June 2015 Under construction [38]
2020 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 1 - Southern Section Dashiba Xietaizi Heavy-rail 6As 4.7 2 3 December 2013 Under construction [35]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} International Expo Branch - Phase 2 Yuelai Shaheba Heavy-rail 6B 13.71 7 28 October 2016 Under construction [39]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 2 Lanhua Rd. Liyuchi Heavy-rail 6As 11.3 8 28 October 2016 Under construction [39]
2021 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 1 Xinqiao Xingke Ave. Heavy-rail 6As 32.3 25 28 September 2016 Under construction [40]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 2 Xingke Ave. Huashigou Heavy-rail 6As 10.77 5 Late 2017 Under construction [40]
2022 Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 2 Tangjiatuo Shichuan Heavy-rail 6As 32.46 12 2018 Planned [41]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Phase 2 The Garden EXPO Center Yuegang Ave. Heavy-rail 6As 7.95 6 2018 Planned [41]
Branch Fuhua Rd. Tiaodeng S. Heavy-rail 6As 29.45 19 2019 Planned [41]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Jiangjin line - Phase 2 Shengquansi Dingshan Heavy-rail 6As 4.61 2 2018 Planned [42]

Lines in long-term plan

Planned opening Line Terminals Length (km) Stations Status Notes
Unknown Add→{{rail-interchange}} Beibei Shuangfu 58 21 Planned [31]
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Jieshi Yulin 51 19 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Danzishi Industrial Zone 15 9 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Jinfeng S. Lujiao S. 27 14 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Fuxin International Convention and Exhibition Center 41 16 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Shuitu Yulin 38 16 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Shuangbei Shengjibao 44 16 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Xiangjiagang Hujiaqiao 15 7 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Xiyong Jijiang 41 16 Planned
Add→{{rail-interchange}} Shuitu Caijia — — Cancelled

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e 重庆市主城区交通发展年度报告2016 (in Chinese (China)). People's Government of Chongqing. 8 April 2017.
  2. ^ Chen, Zhandi. "轨道交通5号线、10号线今天开始试运营 你想知道的都在这里". Shijie Web (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  3. ^ "China's First Urban Monorail System in Chongqing" (PDF). Hitachi Ltd. 2005.
  4. ^ "重庆轨道交通3号线北延伸段开通迎客". China News (in Chinese (China)). 28 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  5. ^ "世界最长单轨线路" (in Chinese (China)). NetEase News. 12 October 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  6. ^ "3号线鱼洞～二塘段基本情况". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  7. ^ "一不小心创造了又一个第一？". Sina Weibo (in Chinese (China)). Chongqing Rail Transit. 30 December 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  8. ^ "日本单轨协会副会长石川正和一行来渝考察重庆单轨发展情况". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 18 November 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  9. ^ "CAIJIA RAIL TRANSIT BRIDGE". T.Y. Lin International Group. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  10. ^ "重庆10号线红土地站刷新"全国最深地铁站"深度". Sina News. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  11. ^ 刘春暖. "埋深达94米相当于31层楼高 "全国最深地铁站"下还有更深地铁站_社会新闻_大众网". Danzhong Web (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  12. ^ "鵝公岩軌道橋高空"穿針引線" 創一世界之最". Xinhua (in Chinese). Retrieved 10 February 2018.
  13. ^ 中铁大桥局集团第八工程有限公司-中国中铁成员企业. "南纪门长江轨道专用桥－公司概况－中铁大桥局集团第八工程有限公司-中国中铁成员企业". The 8th Engineering Co., Ltd., MBEC (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  14. ^ "高家花园轨道专用桥合龙". {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  15. ^ a b c Jiang, Yong (2007). 直辖十年重庆城市交通规划与实践 (in Chinese (China)). Chongqing University Press. p. 152. ISBN 9787562441281.
  16. ^ "Chongqing's metro Line 1 now open". China Cities. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ "Three more rail transit lines to put in use in Chongqing". Chongqing News. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ Dai Liu (9 July 2012). "Extended train for Chongqing Light Rail Line 2 to debut in Sept". Chongqing News. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ "重庆轨道交通2号线新增3列车上线运行". Chongqing Daily (in Chinese (China)). China News. 29 September 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  20. ^ "Chongqing Rail Transit Line 3 opens to traffic". Xinhua. 30 December 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2014 – via People's Daily Website English Edition.
  21. ^ "3号线鱼洞～二塘段基本情况". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  22. ^ Liu, Xianke. "3号线8节编组列车外观就是这样的" (in Chinese (China)). Tencent Chongqing. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  23. ^ Liu, Kan (1 January 2014). "Rail transit Line 6 to Beibei". Chongqing News. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  24. ^ "重庆市轨道交通票务规则". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  25. ^ "平安圣诞新年夜部分车站列车不停靠". Sina Weibo. Chongqing Rail Transit. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |deadurl= (help)
  26. ^ "重庆轨道交通 6 号线免费 WiFi 9 月 30 日开始上线测试". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 30 September 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  27. ^ "无障碍服务". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 28 September 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  28. ^ Jiang, Yan; Hu, Jie (18 December 2017). "轨道也将有"超车道"！ 五号线十号线将分"快慢车"-上游新闻 汇聚向上的力量". Chongqing Morning Paper (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  29. ^ "中国の環境汚染対策、内陸部開発等を支援〜2000年度対中国円借款1,971億9,700万円を供与〜" (in Japanese). Japan Bank for International Corporation. 2000. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "China's First Urban Monorail System in Chongqing". Hitachi Ltd. 2005. Archived from the original on 5 November 2006. Retrieved 5 October 2006. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ a b c "重庆城市轨道交通近期建设规划(2012-2020年)获批" (in Chinese (China)). Chongqing Daily. 23 February 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  32. ^ "请问重庆的轨交线路的信号系统分别是采用哪些公司的？". Metroer (in Chinese (China)). 29 September 2011. Retrieved 7 April 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  33. ^ "Chongqing City Subway Total Signage System, Lines No.1 and No.3 Signage Design Plan / Chongqing Metro" (PDF). GK Report (23). GK Design Group: 24. 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  34. ^ "重庆轨道交通 (集团) 有限公司 - 线路文化". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  35. ^ a b c "重庆轨道交通四、五号线一期工程今日开工" (in Chinese (China)). Tencent Chongqing. 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  36. ^ a b "明年重庆部分轨道交通线路有望建成通车". Chongqing Daily (in Chinese (China)). Sina Chonqging. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  37. ^ "轨道交通大学城至璧山段开建 3年后坐地铁到璧山". Chongqing Morning Paper (in Chinese (China)). Sina Chongqing. 18 June 2014. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  38. ^ "重庆轨道交通延长线 跳蹬至江津段开工". Chongqing Daily (in Chinese (China)). NetEase Chongqing. 11 June 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  39. ^ a b "轨道交通6号线支线二期、10号线二期工程顺利开工". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 28 October 2016. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  40. ^ a b "重庆地铁9号线设29座车站" (in Chinese (China)). China Municipal Engineering Net. 13 April 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2016.[dead link‍]
  41. ^ a b c "《重庆市城市快速轨道交通第二轮建设规划修编(2017～2022)》环境影响评价公众参与第二次信息公示". Chongqing Rail Transit (in Chinese (China)). 3 August 2016. Archived from the original on 9 September 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  42. ^ "轨道交通 5 号线跳磴至江津段（圣泉寺站至鼎山站）环境影响评价公告" (in Chinese (China)). 25 April 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)

Notes

  1. ^ This figure involves counting the two interchanges once for every line of whuch it is part. If every interchange is counted only once, there are 141 stations.
  2. ^ a b c The number refers to the number of the carriages of each train, and the letter followed refers to the type of the carriage. As and B are defined by China, while HL is short for "Hitachi Large" from Japan.
    Full Load Capacity
    Type As B HL
    4 1534 1240 882
    6 2322 1882 1342
    7 2716 - -
    8 - - 1802
  3. ^ This figure involves counting the two interchanges once for every line that it is part of. If every interchange is only counted once, there will be 77 stations.
  4. ^ This figure involves counting the two interchanges once for every line of which it is part. If every interchange is counted only once, there are 69 stations.
  5. ^ Chinese: 交控科技
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