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=== Fitness Trackers === |
=== Fitness Trackers === |
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Bioinstrumentation in the commercial market has seen a large amount of growth in the field of [[Wearable computer|wearables]], with wrist-worn activity tracking devices surging from a market value of 0.75 billion U.S. dollars in 2012, to 5.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2018.<ref name=":1" /> Bioinstrumentation has also been added to smartphone designs, with capable smartphones now able to measure heart-rate, blood-oxygen levels, [[Pedometer|number of steps taken]], and more depending on device. |
Bioinstrumentation in the commercial market has seen a large amount of growth in the field of [[Wearable computer|wearables]], with wrist-worn activity tracking devices surging from a market value of 0.75 billion U.S. dollars in 2012, to 5.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2018.<ref name=":1" /> Bioinstrumentation has also been added to smartphone designs, with capable smartphones now able to measure heart-rate, blood-oxygen levels, [[Pedometer|number of steps taken]], and more depending on device. |
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=== Biomedical Optics === |
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Biomedical Optics is the field of performing noninvasive operations and procedures to patients. This has been a growing field, as it is easier and does not require the patient to be opened. <ref name="What is Bioinstrumentation?" /> Biomedical Optics is made possible through imaging such as CAT (computerized axial tomography) scans. <ref name="Common Applications">{{cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Padma|title=What is Bioinstrumentation - Common Applications|url=https://www.biotecharticles.com/Others-Article/What-is-Bioinstrumentation-Common-Applications-417.html|website=Biotech Articles|publisher=biotecharticles.com|accessdate=31 March 2018|ref=7}}</ref> One example of biomedical optics is LASIK eye surgery, which is a laser microsurgery done on the eyes. It helps correct multiple eye problems, and is much easier than option than other surgeries. <ref name="Common Applications" /> Other important aspects of biomedical optics include microscopy and spectroscopy. <ref name="OSA">{{cite web|title=Biomedical Optics (BIOMED)|url=https://www.osa.org/en-us/meetings/osa_meeting_archives/2014/biomedical_optics_(biomed)/|website=The Optical Society|publisher=The Optical Society|accessdate=31 March 2018|ref=8}}</ref> |
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== See Also == |
== See Also == |
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Revision as of 05:14, 21 April 2018
Bioinstrumentation is an application of Biomedical Engineering, which focuses on the devices and mechanics used to measure, evaluate, and treat biological systems. It focuses on the use of multiple sensors to monitor physiological characteristics of a human or animal. Such instrumentation originated as a necessity to constantly monitor vital signs of Astronauts during NASA's Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo missions.[1]
Bioinstrumentation is a new and upcoming field, concentrating on treating diseases and bridging together the engineering and medical worlds. The majority of innovations within the field have occurred in the past 15-20 years. Bioinstrumentation has revolutionized the medical field, and has made treating patients much easier. The instruments/sensors convert signals found within the body into electrical signals. [2] There are many subfields within bioinstrumentation, they include: biomedical options, creation of sensor, genetic testing, and drug delivery. [3] Other fields of engineering, such as electrical engineering and computer science, are related to bioinstrumentation. [2]
Bioinstrumentation has since been incorporated into the every day lives of many individuals, with sensor-augmented smartphones capable of measuring heart-rate and oxygen saturation, and the wide-spread availability of fitness apps, with over 40,000 health tracking apps on iTunes alone.[4] Wrist-worn fitness tracking devices have also gained popularity,[5]with a suite of on-board sensors capable of measuring the user's biometrics, and relaying them to an app that logs and tracks information for improvements.
History
Biomedical engineering and bioinstrumentation are new terms, but the practice behind them has existed for many generations. Since the beginning of man kind, humans have used what was available to them to treat the medical mishaps they encountered. Biomedical engineering was most developed in the nineteenth century. In the recent years, biomedical engineering has gained popularity and focused on creating solutions for issues in human physiology. Since then, inventions such as X-rays and stethoscopes have progressed and revolutionized the medical field. [6]
Space-Flight
Bioinstrumentation was first developed in earnest by NASA during their early space missions, to gain a better understanding of how humans were affected by space travel. These early bioinstrumentation sensor arrays built by NASA constantly monitored astronauts ECG, respiration, and body temperature; and later measured blood pressure.[7] This allowed physicians to monitor the astronauts vital-signs for potential problems. Data taken from Apollo 15 ECG bioinstrumentation showed periods of cardiac arrhythmia, which physicians and planners used to alter: expected workload, diet, and the drugs in the on-board medical kits.[1]
Current Use
Fitness Trackers
Bioinstrumentation in the commercial market has seen a large amount of growth in the field of wearables, with wrist-worn activity tracking devices surging from a market value of 0.75 billion U.S. dollars in 2012, to 5.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2018.[5] Bioinstrumentation has also been added to smartphone designs, with capable smartphones now able to measure heart-rate, blood-oxygen levels, number of steps taken, and more depending on device.
Biomedical Optics
Biomedical Optics is the field of performing noninvasive operations and procedures to patients. This has been a growing field, as it is easier and does not require the patient to be opened. [3] Biomedical Optics is made possible through imaging such as CAT (computerized axial tomography) scans. [8] One example of biomedical optics is LASIK eye surgery, which is a laser microsurgery done on the eyes. It helps correct multiple eye problems, and is much easier than option than other surgeries. [8] Other important aspects of biomedical optics include microscopy and spectroscopy. [9]
See Also
References
- ^ a b Luczkowski, Stanley. SP-368 Biomedical results of Apollo. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center: NASA. pp. Chapter 3.
- ^ a b "Bioinstrumentation". Berkeley Bioengineering. University of California. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
- ^ a b "What is Bioinstrumentation?". wiseGEEK. Conjecture Corporation. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
- ^ Sullivan, Alycia (January 2017). "Behavior Change with Fitness Technology in Sedentary Adults: A Review of the Evidence for Increasing Physical Activity". Frontiers in Public Health. 4: 289.
- ^ a b "Global wearable technology market 2012-2018 | Statistic". Statista. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
- ^ "A History of Biomedical Engineering". Biomedical. bmecentral.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ^ Chowdhury, Abul. "Bioinstrumentation System as Flown on the Mercury Missions". NASA Life Sciences Data Archive. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=requires|archive-url=(help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ a b Kumar, Padma. "What is Bioinstrumentation - Common Applications". Biotech Articles. biotecharticles.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ^ "Biomedical Optics (BIOMED)". The Optical Society. The Optical Society. Retrieved 31 March 2018.