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Collins is the chief archaeologist and co-director of the Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project in [[Jordan]], working with the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. He began the project in Jordan in 2005. His archaeological investigations at Tall el-Hammam, have found the remains of a fortified city that was destroyed circa 1850–1650 BCE.<ref>Collins, Steven. “A Response to Bryant G. Wood’s Critique of Collins’ Northern Sodom Theory.” ''Biblical Research Bulletin'' 7, no. 7 (2007): 27; Collins, Steven. “Sodom: The Discovery of a Lost City.” ''Bible and Spade'' 20, no. 3 (2007): 72; David E. Graves, ''The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain'' (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018), 206.</ref> In the late 2000s, Collins claimed that the site was likely to be the location of the biblical city of [[Sodom and Gomorrah|Sodom]]. The Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project is located about 14&nbsp;km NorthEast of the [[Dead Sea]] in Jordan, an inhabited area East the Jordan River and either side of [[Highway 65 (Jordan)|Highway 65 in Jordan]], just north of the Dead Sea ( 31°50'25.09"N 35°40'26.51"E).<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2008/april/5.15.html |title=Looking Back; Claims to new Sodom locations are salted with controversy |newspaper=Christianity Today |date=April 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/june-2012/article/archaeologists-return-to-excavate-possible-site-of-biblical-sodom|title=Archaeologists Return to Excavate Possible Site of Biblical Sodom|website=Popular-archaeology.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/september-2012/article/archaeologists-excavate-massive-ancient-gateway-in-jordan|title=Archaeologists Excavate Massive Ancient Gateway in Jordan|website=Popular-archaeology.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/01/12/Tall-el-Hammam-2008-A-Personal-Perspective.aspx#Article|title=Tall el-Hammam 2008: A Personal Perspective|first=Gary Byers|last=MA|website=Biblearchaeology.org|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://digs.bib-arch.org/digs/tall-el-hammam.asp|title=Tall el-Hammam, Jordan - Find a Dig|website=Digs.bib-arch.org|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>David E. Graves, ''The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain'' (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018) map 9 page 193.</ref> Burnt brick and [[trinitite|melted pottery]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/06052014/article/making-the-case-for-sodom |title=Making the Case for Sodom|publisher= |date=June 5, 2014|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref> were found at the site and in the Jordon River valley near Sowayma, and skeletons were twisted and mangled.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://nia.ecsu.edu/ur/1516/2016lecompte_swindell/ |title=LeCompte, Swindell Sodom and Gomorrah Research|work=nia.ecsu.edu |date= May 11, 2016|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><!--similar to [[Tunguska event]] -->
Collins is the chief archaeologist and co-director of the Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project in [[Jordan]], working with the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. He began the project in Jordan in 2005. His archaeological investigations at Tall el-Hammam, have found the remains of a fortified city that was destroyed circa 1850–1650 BCE.<ref>Collins, Steven. “A Response to Bryant G. Wood’s Critique of Collins’ Northern Sodom Theory.” ''Biblical Research Bulletin'' 7, no. 7 (2007): 27; Collins, Steven. “Sodom: The Discovery of a Lost City.” ''Bible and Spade'' 20, no. 3 (2007): 72; David E. Graves, ''The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain'' (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018), 206.</ref> In the late 2000s, Collins claimed that the site was likely to be the location of the biblical city of [[Sodom and Gomorrah|Sodom]]. The Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project is located about 14&nbsp;km NorthEast of the [[Dead Sea]] in Jordan, an inhabited area East the Jordan River and either side of [[Highway 65 (Jordan)|Highway 65 in Jordan]], just north of the Dead Sea ( 31°50'25.09"N 35°40'26.51"E).<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2008/april/5.15.html |title=Looking Back; Claims to new Sodom locations are salted with controversy |newspaper=Christianity Today |date=April 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/june-2012/article/archaeologists-return-to-excavate-possible-site-of-biblical-sodom|title=Archaeologists Return to Excavate Possible Site of Biblical Sodom|website=Popular-archaeology.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/september-2012/article/archaeologists-excavate-massive-ancient-gateway-in-jordan|title=Archaeologists Excavate Massive Ancient Gateway in Jordan|website=Popular-archaeology.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/01/12/Tall-el-Hammam-2008-A-Personal-Perspective.aspx#Article|title=Tall el-Hammam 2008: A Personal Perspective|first=Gary Byers|last=MA|website=Biblearchaeology.org|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://digs.bib-arch.org/digs/tall-el-hammam.asp|title=Tall el-Hammam, Jordan - Find a Dig|website=Digs.bib-arch.org|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>David E. Graves, ''The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain'' (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018) map 9 page 193.</ref> Burnt brick and [[trinitite|melted pottery]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/06052014/article/making-the-case-for-sodom |title=Making the Case for Sodom|publisher= |date=June 5, 2014|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref> were found at the site and in the Jordon River valley near Sowayma, and skeletons were twisted and mangled.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://nia.ecsu.edu/ur/1516/2016lecompte_swindell/ |title=LeCompte, Swindell Sodom and Gomorrah Research|work=nia.ecsu.edu |date= May 11, 2016|accessdate=14 May 2017}}</ref><!--similar to [[Tunguska event]] -->


Professor [[Eugene H. Merrill (academic)|Eugene H. Merrill]] believes that the identification of Tall el-Hammam with Sodom would require an unacceptable restructuring of the biblical chronology.<ref>Merrill, Eugene H. "Texts, Talls, and Old Testament Chronology: Tall Hammam as a Case Study." ''Artifax'' 27, no. 4 (2012): 20–21.</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bolen |first=Todd |title=Arguments Against Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam |url= http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/biblical-archaeology-sites/arguments-against-locating-sodom-at-tall-el-hammam/ |publisher=Biblical Archaeology Society |accessdate=3 July 2013 |date=2013-02-27}}</ref> Collins has responded to these arguments.<ref>Contra Collins, Steven. "[http://www.tallelhammam.com/uploads/BRB-2013-1-Collins_Answers_Merrill.pdf Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data-Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E. H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis.]" (PDF) ''Biblical Research Bulletin'' 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–31.</ref>
Based on the literal use of biblical numbers, Professor [[Eugene H. Merrill (academic)|Eugene H. Merrill]] believes that the identification of Tall el-Hammam with Sodom would require an unacceptable restructuring of the biblical chronology.<ref>Merrill, Eugene H. "Texts, Talls, and Old Testament Chronology: Tall Hammam as a Case Study." ''Artifax'' 27, no. 4 (2012): 20–21.</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bolen |first=Todd |title=Arguments Against Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam |url= http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/biblical-archaeology-sites/arguments-against-locating-sodom-at-tall-el-hammam/ |publisher=Biblical Archaeology Society |accessdate=3 July 2013 |date=2013-02-27}}</ref> Collins, based on honorific or authentic use of numbers, has responded to these arguments.<ref>Contra Collins, Steven. "[http://www.tallelhammam.com/uploads/BRB-2013-1-Collins_Answers_Merrill.pdf Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data-Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E. H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis.]" (PDF) ''Biblical Research Bulletin'' 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–31.</ref>


His Near Eastern archaeology work in Jordan is the topic of his current book about the location of the biblical Sodom. He has appeared on US and international television and radio programs.<ref>National Geographic Ancient X-Files: Season 2 Episode 4-Sodom and Gomorrah http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2mwr5a Ghazwan Mattaka Secrets of the Bible: Season 1 Episode 14-The Search for Sodom http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x30dv4e</ref> He has also lectured in the US, Europe, Middle East and Africa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://trinitysouthwest.com/steven-collins-dmin-phd-prof-biblical-studies-apologetics/|title=Steven Collins, DMin, PhD, Prof. Biblical Studies & Apologetics: Trinity Southwest University|website=Trinitysouthwest.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://trinitysouthwest.com/steven-collins-dmin-phd-prof-biblical-studies-apologetics/dr-collins/|title=Dr. Collins : Trinity Southwest University|website=Trinitysouthwest.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/pub/steven-collins/67/a85/381|title=linkedin.com, Steven Collins Phd|website=Linkedin.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}} {{Dead link|date=February 2017}}</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of Christian Education'', Volume 3, edited by Kurian, George Thomas & Mark A. Lamport, p. 1608, May 7, 2015.</ref><ref>Holden, Joseph M. ''The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible'', August 1, 2013.<!-- publisher, ISSN/ISBN, page(s) needed --></ref>
His Near Eastern archaeology work in Jordan is the topic of his current book about the location of the biblical Sodom. He has appeared on US and international television and radio programs.<ref>National Geographic Ancient X-Files: Season 2 Episode 4-Sodom and Gomorrah http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2mwr5a Ghazwan Mattaka Secrets of the Bible: Season 1 Episode 14-The Search for Sodom http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x30dv4e</ref> He has also lectured in the US, Europe, Middle East and Africa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://trinitysouthwest.com/steven-collins-dmin-phd-prof-biblical-studies-apologetics/|title=Steven Collins, DMin, PhD, Prof. Biblical Studies & Apologetics: Trinity Southwest University|website=Trinitysouthwest.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://trinitysouthwest.com/steven-collins-dmin-phd-prof-biblical-studies-apologetics/dr-collins/|title=Dr. Collins : Trinity Southwest University|website=Trinitysouthwest.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/pub/steven-collins/67/a85/381|title=linkedin.com, Steven Collins Phd|website=Linkedin.com|accessdate=1 August 2017}} {{Dead link|date=February 2017}}</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of Christian Education'', Volume 3, edited by Kurian, George Thomas & Mark A. Lamport, p. 1608, May 7, 2015.</ref><ref>Holden, Joseph M. ''The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible'', August 1, 2013.<!-- publisher, ISSN/ISBN, page(s) needed --></ref>

Revision as of 21:46, 3 May 2018

Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project map near the Sowayma area of the Jordan River Valley.

Steven Collins (born September 11, 1950) is an American archaeologist and a professor with the College of Archaeology at the unaccredited Trinity Southwest University in Albuquerque, New Mexico, an institution that states that biblical scripture is the "divinely inspired representation of reality given by God to humankind, speaking with absolute authority in all matters upon which it touches".[1] Collins is also the Professor of Archaeology and Biblical History along with Professor of Biblical and Theological Studies at the accredited Veritas International University.[2] He has been an archaeologist for 30 years, researching and teaching on Near Eastern archaeology and biblical studies. His work as a field archaeologist and Bible scholar, combine to tie the biblical record to the historical and archaeological evidence.

Collins is the chief archaeologist and co-director of the Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project in Jordan, working with the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. He began the project in Jordan in 2005. His archaeological investigations at Tall el-Hammam, have found the remains of a fortified city that was destroyed circa 1850–1650 BCE.[3] In the late 2000s, Collins claimed that the site was likely to be the location of the biblical city of Sodom. The Tall el-Hammam Excavation Project is located about 14 km NorthEast of the Dead Sea in Jordan, an inhabited area East the Jordan River and either side of Highway 65 in Jordan, just north of the Dead Sea ( 31°50'25.09"N 35°40'26.51"E).[4][5][6][7][8][9] Burnt brick and melted pottery[10] were found at the site and in the Jordon River valley near Sowayma, and skeletons were twisted and mangled.[11]

Based on the literal use of biblical numbers, Professor Eugene H. Merrill believes that the identification of Tall el-Hammam with Sodom would require an unacceptable restructuring of the biblical chronology.[12][13] Collins, based on honorific or authentic use of numbers, has responded to these arguments.[14]

His Near Eastern archaeology work in Jordan is the topic of his current book about the location of the biblical Sodom. He has appeared on US and international television and radio programs.[15] He has also lectured in the US, Europe, Middle East and Africa.[16][17][18][19][20]

Books

  • Let My People Go!: Using historical synchronisms to identify the Pharaoh of the Exodus, Trinity Southwest University Press, 2012 ISBN 978-0615687940
  • With Latayne C. Scott. Discovering the City of Sodom: The Fascinating, True Account of the Discovery of the Old Testament's Most Infamous City, Howard Books 2013 ISBN 978-1451684308

References

  1. ^ Doctrinal Position, Trinity Southwest University website, accessed March 10, 2012
  2. ^ http://viu.ves.edu/graduate-post-graduate/
  3. ^ Collins, Steven. “A Response to Bryant G. Wood’s Critique of Collins’ Northern Sodom Theory.” Biblical Research Bulletin 7, no. 7 (2007): 27; Collins, Steven. “Sodom: The Discovery of a Lost City.” Bible and Spade 20, no. 3 (2007): 72; David E. Graves, The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018), 206.
  4. ^ "Looking Back; Claims to new Sodom locations are salted with controversy", Christianity Today, April 2008
  5. ^ "Archaeologists Return to Excavate Possible Site of Biblical Sodom". Popular-archaeology.com. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  6. ^ "Archaeologists Excavate Massive Ancient Gateway in Jordan". Popular-archaeology.com. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  7. ^ MA, Gary Byers. "Tall el-Hammam 2008: A Personal Perspective". Biblearchaeology.org. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  8. ^ "Tall el-Hammam, Jordan - Find a Dig". Digs.bib-arch.org. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  9. ^ David E. Graves, The Location of Sodom: Color Edition. Key Facts for Navigating the Maze of Arguments for the Location of the Cities of the Plain (Toronto: Electronic Christian Media, 2018) map 9 page 193.
  10. ^ "Making the Case for Sodom". June 5, 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2017.
  11. ^ "LeCompte, Swindell Sodom and Gomorrah Research". nia.ecsu.edu. May 11, 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2017.
  12. ^ Merrill, Eugene H. "Texts, Talls, and Old Testament Chronology: Tall Hammam as a Case Study." Artifax 27, no. 4 (2012): 20–21.
  13. ^ Bolen, Todd (2013-02-27). "Arguments Against Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam". Biblical Archaeology Society. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
  14. ^ Contra Collins, Steven. "Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data-Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E. H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis." (PDF) Biblical Research Bulletin 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–31.
  15. ^ National Geographic Ancient X-Files: Season 2 Episode 4-Sodom and Gomorrah http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2mwr5a Ghazwan Mattaka Secrets of the Bible: Season 1 Episode 14-The Search for Sodom http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x30dv4e
  16. ^ "Steven Collins, DMin, PhD, Prof. Biblical Studies & Apologetics: Trinity Southwest University". Trinitysouthwest.com. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  17. ^ "Dr. Collins : Trinity Southwest University". Trinitysouthwest.com. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  18. ^ "linkedin.com, Steven Collins Phd". Linkedin.com. Retrieved 1 August 2017. [dead link‍]
  19. ^ Encyclopedia of Christian Education, Volume 3, edited by Kurian, George Thomas & Mark A. Lamport, p. 1608, May 7, 2015.
  20. ^ Holden, Joseph M. The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible, August 1, 2013.
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