Yibna Bridge: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox bridge| |
{{Infobox bridge| |
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|image=Mamluk bridge, Yavne008.jpg |
|image = Mamluk bridge, Yavne008.jpg |
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|bridge_name= Yibna Bridge |
|bridge_name = Yibna Bridge |
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|official_name= Yibna Bridge |
|official_name = Yibna Bridge |
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|locale=[[Yibna]], [[Israel]] |
|locale = [[Yibna]], [[Israel]] |
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|carries= |
|carries= |
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|crosses=[[Nahal Sorek]] |
|crosses = [[Nahal Sorek]] |
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|open=1273–74 CE |
|open = 1273–74 CE |
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|below= |
|below= |
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|design=[[Arch bridge|Arch]] |
|design = [[Arch bridge|Arch]] |
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|length=48 metres |
|length = 48 metres |
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|width=11.5 metres |
|width = 11.5 metres |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Yibna Bridge''' is a [[Mamluk]] [[arch bridge]] near [[Yibna]], which crosses the river [[Nahal Sorek]] (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It was previously used by Route 410 to [[Rehovot]], and was known as the '''Jumping Bridge''' due to a bump in the middle of the bridge which caused cars to jump if speeding.<ref name="JacobsEber1998">{{cite book|last1=Jacobs|first1=Daniel|author2=Shirley Eber|author3=Francesca Silvani|title=Israel and the Palestinian Territories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRc9ea_CKOUC&pg=RA1-PA12|year=1998|publisher=Rough Guides|isbn=978-1-85828-248-0|page=12}}</ref> It is now a part of a recreation ground, next to a new bridge carrying the Route 410. |
The '''Yibna Bridge''' is a [[Mamluk]] [[arch bridge]] near [[Yibna]], which crosses the river [[Nahal Sorek]] (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It was previously used by Route 410 to [[Rehovot]], and was known as the '''Jumping Bridge''' due to a bump in the middle of the bridge which caused cars to jump if speeding.<ref name="JacobsEber1998">{{cite book |last1= Jacobs |first1= Daniel |author2= Shirley Eber |author3= Francesca Silvani |title= Israel and the Palestinian Territories |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TRc9ea_CKOUC&pg=RA1-PA12 |year=1998 |publisher= Rough Guides |isbn=978-1-85828-248-0 |page=12}}</ref> It is now a part of a recreation ground, next to a new bridge carrying the Route 410. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:Mamluk bridge, Yavne005.jpg|thumb|The downstream-facing side of the bridge in 2010]] |
[[File:Mamluk bridge, Yavne005.jpg|thumb|The downstream-facing side of the bridge in 2010]] |
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The bridge was one in a series of bridges built by Sultan [[Baybars]] in Egypt and Palestine. It was first studied in modern times by [[Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau]], who noted that an Arabic chronicle had referred to the construction by |
The bridge was one in a series of bridges built by Sultan [[Baybars]] in Egypt and Palestine. It was first studied in modern times by [[Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau]], who noted that an Arabic chronicle had referred to the construction by Baybars in 672 AH of two bridges build of a significant nature "in the neighbourhood of Ramleh". The chief purpose of these bridges was to ease communication for his armies between Egypt and northern Syria.<ref name=CG>Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/archaeologicalre02cler#page/110/mode/1up 110]–117</ref> The second of these two bridges is thought to be the [[Jisr Jindas]].<ref name=CG/> |
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According to [[Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau|Clermont-Ganneau]], the bridge was built in 671–672 AH (1273–1274).<ref>Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/archaeologicalre02cler#page/174/mode/1up 174]; Reinecke, 1992, II, 38 No. 170. Both cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318</ref> ''The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land'' cites the completion date as 1273.<ref>Levy, 1995, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TqRIlVBRv34C&pg=PA517 517]</ref> |
According to [[Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau|Clermont-Ganneau]], the bridge was built in 671–672 AH (1273–1274).<ref>Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/archaeologicalre02cler#page/174/mode/1up 174]; Reinecke, 1992, II, 38 No. 170. Both cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318</ref> ''The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land'' cites the completion date as 1273.<ref>Levy, 1995, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TqRIlVBRv34C&pg=PA517 517]</ref> |
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Revision as of 18:15, 24 May 2018
Yibna Bridge | |
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| Coordinates | 31°54′N 34°48′E / 31.9°N 34.8°E |
| Crosses | Nahal Sorek |
| Locale | Yibna, Israel |
| Official name | Yibna Bridge |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Arch |
| Total length | 48 metres |
| Width | 11.5 metres |
| History | |
| Opened | 1273–74 CE |
| Location | |
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The Yibna Bridge is a Mamluk arch bridge near Yibna, which crosses the river Nahal Sorek (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It was previously used by Route 410 to Rehovot, and was known as the Jumping Bridge due to a bump in the middle of the bridge which caused cars to jump if speeding.[1] It is now a part of a recreation ground, next to a new bridge carrying the Route 410.
History
The bridge was one in a series of bridges built by Sultan Baybars in Egypt and Palestine. It was first studied in modern times by Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau, who noted that an Arabic chronicle had referred to the construction by Baybars in 672 AH of two bridges build of a significant nature "in the neighbourhood of Ramleh". The chief purpose of these bridges was to ease communication for his armies between Egypt and northern Syria.[2] The second of these two bridges is thought to be the Jisr Jindas.[2]
According to Clermont-Ganneau, the bridge was built in 671–672 AH (1273–1274).[3] The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land cites the completion date as 1273.[4]
Max van Berchem, who examined it in the late 19th century, found that the bridge contained large amount of reused Crusader masonry, some of which carried mason´s marks.[5]
Description
The bridge is 48 metres (157 ft) long, and 11.5 metres (38 ft) wide.[6] It comprises three arches, two central piers with triangular upstream-facing cutwaters and downstream-facing buttresses with sloping cills.[7]
It is very similar in design to the more well-known Jisr Jindas, apart from the width of the piers.[7] The bridge has a more than 2:1 arch-span to pier-width ratio versus approximately 1:1 at Jisr Jindas.[7]
The bridge does not contain any decoration or inscriptions, similar to that found on Jisr Jindas. However, according to Andrew Petersen there is "a possible inscription or signature" on a stone at the south end.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Jacobs, Daniel; Shirley Eber; Francesca Silvani (1998). Israel and the Palestinian Territories. Rough Guides. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-85828-248-0.
- ^ a b Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, pp. 110–117
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. 174; Reinecke, 1992, II, 38 No. 170. Both cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ Levy, 1995, p. 517
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. 182 Also cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ a b c d Petersen, 2008, p. 297
Bibliography
- Clermont-Ganneau, Charles Simon (1896). [ARP] Archaeological Researches in Palestine 1873–1874, translated from the French by J. McFarlane. Vol. 2. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Levy, Thomas Evan (1995). Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. A&C Black. ISBN 0718513886.
- Meinecke, M. (1992): Die mamlukishe Architecktur in Agypten und Syrien, 2 vols., Gluckstadt.
- Petersen, Andrew (2001). A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine: Volume I (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197270110.
- Petersen, A. (2008): Bridges in Medieval Palestine, in U. Vermeulen & K. Dhulster (eds.), History of Egypt & Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid & Mamluk Eras V, V. Peeters, Leuven
External links
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 13: IAA, Wikimedia commons
