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{{Politics of the Netherlands}}
{{Politics of the Netherlands}}


'''General elections''' were held in the [[Netherlands]] on 17 May 1853.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1395 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref>
'''General elections''' were held in the [[Netherlands]] on 17 May 1853.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1395 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> The parliamentary elections of 1853 were held after the House of Representatives was dissolved in connection with the government crisis after the [[Reestablishment of the episcopal hierarchy in the Netherlands|restoration of the episcopal hierarchy]]. It led to a big defeat of the [[Liberalism|liberals]] and a victory of the [[Conservatism|conservatives]].


During the [[Constitutional Reform of 1848|constitutional revision of 1848]], the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]] was allowed to determine the ecclesiastical division within the Netherlands in the context of the [[Separation of church and state]]. In 1853 this law was applied, and [[Pope Pius IX]] divided the Netherlands into 5 [[Diocese|dioceses]], including an archdiocese in [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht|Utrecht]]. Among the Dutch Protestants there was much dislike of this action, which culminated in the April movement . The submission of the complaints by the April movement to [[William III of the Netherlands|King William III]] led to a crisis between the king and the Thorbecke I cabinet.that felt that the king answered the April movement too positively and therefore insufficiently neutral. The cabinet resigned and the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Lower House]] was dissolved. Elections were held on 17 May.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2018-03-31|title=Tweede Kamerverkiezingen 1853|url=https://nl.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tweede_Kamerverkiezingen_1853&oldid=51344700|journal=Wikipedia|language=nl}}</ref>

Due to the dissolution of the House of Representatives, a new House of Representatives had to be elected. According to the then electoral law , this was an exceptional situation: normally half the House was elected every 2 years, and not the House as a whole. There was also a clear political demand in the elections due to the previous crisis, where in other elections in the 1950s and the first half of the 1960s voters were judged not to judge candidates by political color but by competence.

The results of the elections were a big defeat for [[Johan Rudolph Thorbecke|Thorbecke]] and the liberals. Only the province of [[Groningen (province)|Groningen]] and [[Twente]] remained as liberal strongholds, and of the 68 seats they won only 11, while 13 went to the Catholic candidates. The remaining 44 seats ended up with conservatives and conservative liberals who had put themselves behind the April movement. The conservative Van Hall-Donker Curtius cabinet thus received ample support in the House of Representatives. Nevertheless, the restoration of the episcopal hierarchy was not reversed; however, the Roman Catholic Church was restricted in its freedom of movement by the introduction of the Law on Church Societies.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/743090734|title=Verkiezingen op de kaart 1848-2010 : Tweede Kamerverkiezingen vanuit geografisch perspectief|last=1960-|first=Jong, Ron de (Ronald),|date=cop. 2011|publisher=Matrijs|others=Kolk, Henk van der, 1965-, Voerman, Gerrit, historicus, 1957-, Klijnsma, M.H. (Meine Henk), 1959-, Slooves, M. (Maarten), kartograaf.|isbn=9789053454374|location=Utrecht|oclc=743090734}}</ref>
==Results==
==Results==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right

Revision as of 05:24, 28 May 2018

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General elections were held in the Netherlands on 17 May 1853.[1] The parliamentary elections of 1853 were held after the House of Representatives was dissolved in connection with the government crisis after the restoration of the episcopal hierarchy. It led to a big defeat of the liberals and a victory of the conservatives.

During the constitutional revision of 1848, the Roman Catholic Church was allowed to determine the ecclesiastical division within the Netherlands in the context of the Separation of church and state. In 1853 this law was applied, and Pope Pius IX divided the Netherlands into 5 dioceses, including an archdiocese in Utrecht. Among the Dutch Protestants there was much dislike of this action, which culminated in the April movement . The submission of the complaints by the April movement to King William III led to a crisis between the king and the Thorbecke I cabinet.that felt that the king answered the April movement too positively and therefore insufficiently neutral. The cabinet resigned and the Lower House was dissolved. Elections were held on 17 May.[2]

Due to the dissolution of the House of Representatives, a new House of Representatives had to be elected. According to the then electoral law , this was an exceptional situation: normally half the House was elected every 2 years, and not the House as a whole. There was also a clear political demand in the elections due to the previous crisis, where in other elections in the 1950s and the first half of the 1960s voters were judged not to judge candidates by political color but by competence.

The results of the elections were a big defeat for Thorbecke and the liberals. Only the province of Groningen and Twente remained as liberal strongholds, and of the 68 seats they won only 11, while 13 went to the Catholic candidates. The remaining 44 seats ended up with conservatives and conservative liberals who had put themselves behind the April movement. The conservative Van Hall-Donker Curtius cabinet thus received ample support in the House of Representatives. Nevertheless, the restoration of the episcopal hierarchy was not reversed; however, the Roman Catholic Church was restricted in its freedom of movement by the introduction of the Law on Church Societies.[3]

Results

Party Votes % Seats
Conservatives 26
Liberals 25
Conservative Liberals 9
Anti-Revolutionaries 8
Total 60,432 100 68
Registered voters/turnout 85,076 71.0 –
Source: Bromley & Kossman,[4] Nohlen & Stöver

By district

District Members elected Group Ref.
Alkmaar Cornelis van Foreest Conservative [5]
Jan Jacob Rochussen[Note 1] Conservative [6]
Almelo Wolter Robert van Hoëvell[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [7]
Maximiliaan Jacob de Man[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [8]
Amersfoort Frederik van Rappard Conservative [9]
Johan Frederik van Reede van Oudtshoorn Pragmatic liberal [10]
Amsterdam Joannes Bosscha Conservative [11]
Siebert Rudolph van Franck Conservative [12]
Michel Henry Godefroi[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [13]
Gerrit Schimmelpenninck Conservative [14]
Harm Stolte[Note 1] Conservative [15]
Appingedam Rembertus Westerhoff[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [16]
Jan Freerks Zijlker[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [17]
Arnhem Willem van Lynden[Note 1] Anti-revolutionary [18]
Æneas Mackay[Note 1] Anti-revolutionary [19]
Assen Louis van Heiden Reinestein[Note 1] Conservative [20]
Petrus van der Veen[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [21]
Boxmeer Johannes Hengst[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [22]
Breda Karel Adrianus Meeussen[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [23]
Lambertus Dominicus Storm[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [24]
Delft Cornelis Hoekwater Conservative [25]
Willem Wintgens[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [26]
Den Bosch Johannes Luyben[Note 1] Conservative liberal [27]
Johannes de Poorter[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [28]
Den Haag Willem Boreel van Hogelanden[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [29]
Julius Constantijn Rijk Conservative [30]
Deventer Carel Storm van 's Gravesande[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [31]
Dokkum Isaäc ter Bruggen Hugenholtz[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [32]
Dordrecht Johannes Dirk van der Poel Conservative [33]
Pieter Adriaan Sander Conservative [34]
Eindhoven Johannes Baptista Bots[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [35]
Petrus van den Heuvel Pragmatic liberal [36]
Goes Joannes Jacobus van Deinse Conservative [37]
Gorinchem Pieter Jacob Elout van Soeterwoude Anti-revolutionary [38]
Gouda Willem Maurits de Brauw Conservative [39]
Mari Aert Frederic Henri Hoffmann Conservative [40]
Groningen Steven Blaupot ten Cate[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [41]
Haarlem Willem Hendrik van Voorst[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [42]
Hoorn Dirk van Akerlaken[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [43]
Johannes Donker Hendrikszoon Conservative [44]
Leeuwarden Jan Bieruma Oosting Conservative [45]
Jacob Dirks[Note 1] Conservative [46]
Leiden Daniël Théodore Gevers van Endegeest[Note 1] Conservative [47]
Pieter Hendrik Taets van Amerongen[Note 1] Conservative [48]
Maastricht Johan Rudolph Thorbecke Thorbeckian liberal [49]
Edmond van Wintershoven[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [50]
Middelburg Jan Jacob Slicher van Domburg[Note 1] Conservative [51]
Daniël van Eck[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [52]
Nijmegen Gustaaf Dommer van Poldersveldt[Note 1] Conservative (Catholic) [53]
Joannes van Nispen van Sevenaer[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [54]
Roermond Pieter Lodewijk de Lom de Berg[Note 1] Conservative (Catholic) [55]
Martin Pascal Hubert Strens Pragmatic liberal [56]
Rotterdam Jean Chrétien Baud[Note 1] Conservative [57]
Peter van Bosse Pragmatic liberal [58]
Sneek Willem Engelbart Engelen Conservative [59]
Cornelis Sleeswijk Vening Conservative [60]
Steenwijk Jacob van Lennep Conservative [61]
Tiel Jacob de Kempenaer Conservative [62]
Tilburg Carolus Cornelius Aloysius Beens Thorbeckian liberal [63]
Franciscus Johannes Jespers[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [64]
Utrecht Hubert Alexander Maurits van Asch van Wijck Anti-revolutionary [65]
Jan Karel van Goltstein[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [66]
Zierikzee Jean François Schuurbeque Boeije Conservative [67]
Zuidhorn Geert Reinders[Note 1] Pragmatic liberal [68]
Zutphen Justinus van der Brugghen Anti-revolutionary [69]
Willem Anne Schimmelpenninck van der Oye Conservative [70]
Zwolle Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer[Note 1] Anti-revolutionary [71]
Bartholomeus Sloet tot Oldhuis[Note 1] Thorbeckian liberal [72]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Incumbent.

References

  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ "Tweede Kamerverkiezingen 1853". Wikipedia (in Dutch). 2018-03-31.
  3. ^ 1960-, Jong, Ron de (Ronald), (cop. 2011). Verkiezingen op de kaart 1848-2010 : Tweede Kamerverkiezingen vanuit geografisch perspectief. Kolk, Henk van der, 1965-, Voerman, Gerrit, historicus, 1957-, Klijnsma, M.H. (Meine Henk), 1959-, Slooves, M. (Maarten), kartograaf. Utrecht: Matrijs. ISBN 9789053454374. OCLC 743090734. {{cite book}}: |last= has numeric name (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ J.S. Bromley and E.H. Kossmann (1960) Britain and the Netherlands; Volume IV Metropolis, Dominion and Province, p198
  5. ^ "Jhr.Mr. C. van Foreest". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  6. ^ "J.J. Rochussen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  7. ^ "Dr. W.R. baron van Hoëvell". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Mr. M.J. de Man". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  9. ^ "Mr. W.L.F.Ch. (Frederik) ridder van Rappard". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  10. ^ "Mr. S. van Walchren". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  11. ^ "Dr. J. Bosscha". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  12. ^ "S.R. van Franck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  13. ^ "Mr. M.H. Godefroi". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  14. ^ "G. (Gerrit) graaf Schimmelpenninck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  15. ^ "H. Stolte". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  16. ^ "Dr. R. Westerhoff". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  17. ^ "J.F. Zijlker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  18. ^ "Mr. W. baron van Lynden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Mr. Æ. baron Mackay". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  20. ^ "Mr. L. graaf van Heiden Reinestein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  21. ^ "Mr. P. van der Veen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  22. ^ "Mr. J.B.J. Hengst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  23. ^ "Mr. K.A. Meeussen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  24. ^ "Mr. L.D. Storm". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  25. ^ "C. Hoekwater". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  26. ^ "Mr. W. Wintgens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  27. ^ "Mr. J.L.A. Luyben". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  28. ^ "Dr. J.H.H. de Poorter". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  29. ^ "Jhr.Mr. W. Boreel van Hogelanden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  30. ^ "J.C. Rijk". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  31. ^ "Jhr. C.M. Storm van 's-Gravesande". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  32. ^ "I.Th. Ter Bruggen Hugenholtz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  33. ^ "Mr. J.D. van der Poel". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  34. ^ "Mr. P.A. Sander". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  35. ^ "Mr. J.B. Bots". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  36. ^ "Mr. P. van den Heuvel". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  37. ^ "Mr. J.J. van Deinse". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  38. ^ "Jhr.Mr. P.J. Elout van Soeterwoude". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  39. ^ "Jhr.Mr. W.M. de Brauw". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  40. ^ "M.A.F.H. Hoffmann". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  41. ^ "S. Blaupot ten Cate". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  42. ^ "Mr. W.H. van Voorst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  43. ^ "Jhr.Mr. D. van Akerlaken". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  44. ^ "J. Donker Hzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  45. ^ "Mr. J. Bieruma Oosting". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  46. ^ "Mr. J. Dirks". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  47. ^ "Jhr.Mr. D.Th. Gevers van Endegeest". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  48. ^ "P.H. baron Taets van Amerongen tot Natewisch". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  49. ^ "Dr.Mr. J.R. Thorbecke". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  50. ^ "Mr. P.F.E. van Wintershoven". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  51. ^ "Mr. J.J. Slicher van Domburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  52. ^ "Mr. D. van Eck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  53. ^ "Jhr. G.E.G.C.K. Dommer van Poldersveldt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  54. ^ "Jhr. J.A.Ch.A. van Nispen van Sevenaer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  55. ^ "Mr. P.L. de Lom de Berg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  56. ^ "Mr. M.P.H. Strens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  57. ^ "J.Ch. Baud". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  58. ^ "Mr. P.Ph. (Pieter) van Bosse". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  59. ^ "Jhr.Mr. W.E. Engelen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  60. ^ "Mr. C. Sleeswijk Vening". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  61. ^ "Mr. J. van Lennep". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  62. ^ "Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  63. ^ "Mr. C.C.A. Beens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  64. ^ "Mr. F.J. Jespers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  65. ^ "Jhr.Mr. H.A.M. van Asch van Wijck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  66. ^ "Mr. J.K. baron van Goltstein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  67. ^ "Jhr.Mr. J.F. Schuurbeque Boeije". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  68. ^ "G. Reinders". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  69. ^ "Mr. J.J.L. van der Brugghen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  70. ^ "W.A. baron Schimmelpenninck van der Oye". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  71. ^ "Mr.Dr. G. (Willem) Groen van Prinsterer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  72. ^ "Mr. B.W.A.E. baron Sloet tot Oldhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
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