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| nationality = [[Italians|Italian]]
| nationality = [[Italians|Italian]]
| alma_mater = [[Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore|Università Cattolica, Milan]]
| alma_mater = [[Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore|Università Cattolica, Milan]]
| profession = [[Politician]], [[Communion and Liberation|Communion And Liberation Movement]] former unofficial political spokesman<ref>http://espresso.repubblica.it/plus/articoli/2016/08/26/news/senza-formigoni-e-lupi-la-rete-di-cl-e-piu-forte-di-prima-1.281273</ref><ref>http://www.indygesto.it/index.php/dossier/item/117-formigoni-e-cl</ref>
| profession = [[Politician]], [[Communion and Liberation|Communion And Liberation Movement]] former unofficial political spokesman<ref name="repubblica">{{cite web|url=http://espresso.repubblica.it/plus/articoli/2016/08/26/news/senza-formigoni-e-lupi-la-rete-di-cl-e-piu-forte-di-prima-1.281273|title=Senza Formigoni e Lupi la rete di Cl è più forte di prima - l'Espresso|website=espresso.repubblica.it|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="indygesto">{{cite web|url=http://www.indygesto.it/index.php/dossier/item/117-formigoni-e-cl|title=Formigoni e Cl: il declino di una lobby?|website=Indygesto|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref>
| children =
| children =
| spouse =
| spouse =
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| otherparty = [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|DC]] <small>(1973–1994)</small><br>[[Italian People's Party (1994)|PPI]] <small>(1994–1995)</small><br>[[United Christian Democrats|CDU]] <small>(1995–1998)</small><br>CDL <small>(1998–2001)</small><br>[[Forza Italia|FI]] <small>(2001–2009)</small><br>[[The People of Freedom|PDL]] <small>(2009–2013)</small><br>[[New Centre-Right|NCD]] <small>(2013–2017)</small><br>[[Popular Alternative|AP]] <small>(2017)</small>
| otherparty = [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|DC]] <small>(1973–1994)</small><br>[[Italian People's Party (1994)|PPI]] <small>(1994–1995)</small><br>[[United Christian Democrats|CDU]] <small>(1995–1998)</small><br>CDL <small>(1998–2001)</small><br>[[Forza Italia|FI]] <small>(2001–2009)</small><br>[[The People of Freedom|PDL]] <small>(2009–2013)</small><br>[[New Centre-Right|NCD]] <small>(2013–2017)</small><br>[[Popular Alternative|AP]] <small>(2017)</small>
}}
}}
'''Roberto Formigoni''' is an Italian politician that was born in [[Lecco]], [[Italy]], on the 30 March 1947. He was the [[President of Lombardy]] in Italy since 1995 till 2013. He is the former unofficial political spokeperson of the [[Communion and Liberation]] movement.
'''Roberto Formigoni''' is an Italian politician that was born in [[Lecco]], [[Italy]], on the 30 March 1947. He was the [[President of Lombardy]] in Italy since 1995 till 2013. He is the former unofficial political spokesperson of the [[Communion and Liberation]] movement.


==Career==
==Career==
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In 1990, he garnered attention when he was involved in a mission to [[Iraq]] which successfully concluded with the freeing of some Italian technicians who were hostages of the local government. He later took part in the [[Oil-for-food]] programme for Iraq, buying 1,000,000 oil barrels (160,000 cubic metres). The move sparked controversy and linked him to alleged bribe scandals. In 1995, he and [[Rocco Buttiglione]] founded the [[United Christian Democrats]] party. In 1998, he moved to [[Forza Italia]], when Buttiglione briefly decided to support the government of [[Massimo D'Alema]].
In 1990, he garnered attention when he was involved in a mission to [[Iraq]] which successfully concluded with the freeing of some Italian technicians who were hostages of the local government. He later took part in the [[Oil-for-food]] programme for Iraq, buying 1,000,000 oil barrels (160,000 cubic metres). The move sparked controversy and linked him to alleged bribe scandals. In 1995, he and [[Rocco Buttiglione]] founded the [[United Christian Democrats]] party. In 1998, he moved to [[Forza Italia]], when Buttiglione briefly decided to support the government of [[Massimo D'Alema]].


He was elected [[President of Lombardy]] in 1995. Leftist groups opposed his center-right platform. President Formigoni was re-elected in 2000 carrying over 62% of the approximately 3.5 million votes, and in 2005.
He was elected [[President of Lombardy]] in 1995. Leftist groups opposed his center-right platform. President Formigoni was re-elected in 2000 carrying over 62% of the approximately 3.5&nbsp;million votes, and in 2005.


He was elected to a fourth term in March 2010. His candidature had been contested by academics and left-wing politicians, as in disregard of Law n. 165/2004, that put a limit of two consecutive mandates to directly-elected Regional Presidents. Formigoni was indirectly elected in 1995, but then directly elected in 2000 and 2005. He defended himself, stating that the law was not in vigour when he was first directly elected in 2000, so he should be allowed a 4th mandate. According to some scholars, his mandate may be overturned by judges later on.<ref>Vittorio Angiolini, professore ordinario di Diritto costituzionale dell'Università di Milano; Margherita Raveraira, Università di Perugia [http://www.federalismi.it/ApplOpenFilePDF_Output.cfm?custom_header=01&dpath=document&dfile=07102009134323.pdf Il limite del doppio mandato alla immediata rielezione del Presidente della giunta regionale: una questione complessa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722033205/http://www.federalismi.it/ApplOpenFilePDF_Output.cfm?custom_header=01&dpath=document&dfile=07102009134323.pdf |date=22 July 2011 }}, Federalismi.it</ref><ref name=ainis>Michele Ainis, [http://www.lastampa.it/_web/cmstp/tmplRubriche/editoriali/gEditoriali.asp?ID_blog=25&ID_articolo=6899&ID_sezione=&sezione= La terza via di Errani e Formigoni], ''La Stampa'', 25 gennaio 2010</ref>
He was elected to a fourth term in March 2010. His candidature had been contested by academics and left-wing politicians, as in disregard of Law n. 165/2004, that put a limit of two consecutive mandates to directly-elected Regional Presidents. Formigoni was indirectly elected in 1995, but then directly elected in 2000 and 2005. He defended himself, stating that the law was not in vigour when he was first directly elected in 2000, so he should be allowed a 4th mandate. According to some scholars, his mandate may be overturned by judges later on.<ref>Vittorio Angiolini, professore ordinario di Diritto costituzionale dell'Università di Milano; Margherita Raveraira, Università di Perugia [http://www.federalismi.it/ApplOpenFilePDF_Output.cfm?custom_header=01&dpath=document&dfile=07102009134323.pdf Il limite del doppio mandato alla immediata rielezione del Presidente della giunta regionale: una questione complessa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722033205/http://www.federalismi.it/ApplOpenFilePDF_Output.cfm?custom_header=01&dpath=document&dfile=07102009134323.pdf |date=22 July 2011 }}, Federalismi.it</ref><ref name=ainis>Michele Ainis, [http://www.lastampa.it/_web/cmstp/tmplRubriche/editoriali/gEditoriali.asp?ID_blog=25&ID_articolo=6899&ID_sezione=&sezione= La terza via di Errani e Formigoni], ''La Stampa'', 25 gennaio 2010</ref>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
Roberto Formigoni candidated the Italian [[showgirl]] Nicole Minetti and [[Dental hygienist|dental hygienist]] of the former [[Prime Minister of Italy|Italian Prime Minister]] [[Silvio Berlusconi]], who asked for a political seat for her and this was contested by Italian newspapers.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1252163/Nicole-Minetti-showgirl-Silvio-Berlusconi-smile-again.html Running for Parliament, the Italian showgirl who made Silvio Berlusconi smile again], ''Mail Online'', 19 febbraio 2010</ref>
Roberto Formigoni candidated the Italian [[showgirl]] Nicole Minetti and [[dental hygienist]] of the former [[Prime Minister of Italy|Italian Prime Minister]] [[Silvio Berlusconi]], who asked for a political seat for her and this was contested by Italian newspapers.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1252163/Nicole-Minetti-showgirl-Silvio-Berlusconi-smile-again.html Running for Parliament, the Italian showgirl who made Silvio Berlusconi smile again], ''Mail Online'', 19 febbraio 2010</ref>
On 16 October 2012, Formigoni announced the dissolution of the regional legislature after one of his commissioners, Domenico Zambetti of the [[People of Freedom]] was arrested on accusations he bought votes from the [['Ndrangheta]] in 2010 and extorted favours and public building contracts, including construction tenders for the [[World Expo|World Expo 2015]] in Milan.<ref name=mh>[http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/10/16/3052162/italy-corruption-probes-claim.html Italy corruption probes claim Lombardy legislature], Miami Herald, 16 October 2012</ref><ref name=ft141012>[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/cc625766-160f-11e2-9a8c-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2AUamRBZb Mafia probe claims political victim], Financial Times, 14 October 2012</ref>
On 16 October 2012, Formigoni announced the dissolution of the regional legislature after one of his commissioners, Domenico Zambetti of the [[People of Freedom]] was arrested on accusations he bought votes from the [['Ndrangheta]] in 2010 and extorted favours and public building contracts, including construction tenders for the [[World Expo|World Expo 2015]] in Milan.<ref name=mh>[http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/10/16/3052162/italy-corruption-probes-claim.html Italy corruption probes claim Lombardy legislature], Miami Herald, 16 October 2012</ref><ref name=ft141012>[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/cc625766-160f-11e2-9a8c-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2AUamRBZb Mafia probe claims political victim], Financial Times, 14 October 2012</ref>


==Italian Courts Trials Sentences against Roberto Formigoni==
==Italian Courts Trials Sentences against Roberto Formigoni==
=== 2000s Bribery and environmental pollution===
=== 2000s Bribery and environmental pollution===
Roberto Formigoni has been judged on 2002 due bribery due the landfill in [[Cerro Maggiore]], Italy.<ref>{{Cita news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/online/cronaca/paoloberlusconi/new/new.html|titolo=Formigoni rinviato a giudizio per la discarica di Cerro|pubblicazione=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|La Repubblica]]|giorno=11|mese=6|anno=2002|accesso=16 dicembre 2009}}</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been judged on 2002 due bribery due the landfill in [[Cerro Maggiore]], Italy.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/online/cronaca/paoloberlusconi/new/new.html|title=Formigoni rinviato a giudizio per la discarica di Cerro|periodical=La Repubblica|date=11 June 2002|accessdate=16 December 2009}}</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been processed through the Italian Courts due illegal environmental pollution on December 2009.<ref>Ansa - [http://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/rubriche/politica/2009/12/01/visualizza_new.html_1623002397.html Inquinamento in Lombardia]</ref><ref>[http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/09_dicembre_1/formigoni-avviso-garanzia-1602090470469.shtml Inquinamento, Formigoni indagato dai pm di Milano], Corriere della Sera, 1º dicembre 2009</ref><ref>[http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/10_gennaio_26/penati-indagato-inquinamento-formigoni-moratti-1602351462303.shtml Smog, indagato anche Penati], Corriere della Sera, 26 gennaio 2010</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been processed through the Italian Courts due illegal environmental pollution on December 2009.<ref>Ansa - [http://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/rubriche/politica/2009/12/01/visualizza_new.html_1623002397.html Inquinamento in Lombardia]</ref><ref>[http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/09_dicembre_1/formigoni-avviso-garanzia-1602090470469.shtml Inquinamento, Formigoni indagato dai pm di Milano], Corriere della Sera, 1º dicembre 2009</ref><ref>[http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/10_gennaio_26/penati-indagato-inquinamento-formigoni-moratti-1602351462303.shtml Smog, indagato anche Penati], Corriere della Sera, 26 gennaio 2010</ref>


=== 2010s: Mansory group and defamatory behavior against Italian judges===
=== 2010s: Mansory group and defamatory behavior against Italian judges===
Roberto Formigoni was interrogated by Italian Court in Rome due the [[Propaganda 2|Propaganda 2 mansory group]].<ref>[http://www.lastampa.it/redazione/cmsSezioni/politica/201007articoli/56729girata.asp La P3 agì su mandato di Formigoni] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717025611/http://www.lastampa.it/redazione/cmsSezioni/politica/201007articoli/56729girata.asp |data=17 luglio 2010 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.corriere.it/cronache/10_luglio_14/inchiesta-eolico-p3-formigoni_9b1ed50e-8f6a-11df-9bdb-00144f02aabe.shtml Il gruppo agì per conto di Formigoni]</ref><ref>[http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2010/07/14/news/p3_inchiesta_14_luglio-5590345/ Informativa tira in ballo Formigoni e Caliendo]</ref>
Roberto Formigoni was interrogated by Italian Court in Rome due the [[Propaganda 2|Propaganda 2 mansory group]].<ref>[http://www.lastampa.it/redazione/cmsSezioni/politica/201007articoli/56729girata.asp La P3 agì su mandato di Formigoni] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717025611/http://www.lastampa.it/redazione/cmsSezioni/politica/201007articoli/56729girata.asp |date=17 July 2010 }}</ref><ref name="corriere">{{cite web|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/10_luglio_14/inchiesta-eolico-p3-formigoni_9b1ed50e-8f6a-11df-9bdb-00144f02aabe.shtml|title="Il gruppo agì per conto di Formigoni "Cesare" pseudonimo del premier" - Corriere della Sera|website=corriere.it|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="repubblica2">{{cite web|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2010/07/14/news/p3_inchiesta_14_luglio-5590345/|title=Per il gruppo Berlusconi era &quot;Cesare&quot; Informativa tira in ballo Formigoni e Caliendo|website=Repubblica.it|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref>


Roberto Formigoni has been condamned for 1 year of imprisonement due defamation issues on 12 July 2012.<ref>[http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/10/11/news/formigoni_condannato_ha_diffamato_i_radicali-44324761/?ref=HRER1-1 La Repubblica, ''Formigoni condannato per diffamazione'', 11/10/2012.]</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been condemned for 1 year of imprisonment due defamation issues on 12 July 2012.<ref name="repubblica3">{{cite web|url=http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/10/11/news/formigoni_condannato_ha_diffamato_i_radicali-44324761/?ref=HRER1-1|title=Formigoni condannato ha diffamato i Radicali - Milano|website=Repubblica.it|date=10 November 2012|accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due bribery on 25 July 2012 by Italian courts.<ref>{{cita web|url=http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/07/25/news/la_procura_convoca_formigoni_i_pm_concorso_in_corruzione-39646426/ |title=Formigoni indagato per corruzione "Non temo nulla, resto al mio posto" |date=16 August 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita news|autore=Luigi Ferrarella e Giuseppe Guastella|url=http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/12_luglio_26/yacht-viaggi-e-una-villa-tangenti-per-7-milioni-in-cambio-di-15-delibere-luigi-ferrarella-2011175952169.shtml|titolo=Le accuse «Yacht, viaggi e una villa Tangenti per 7 milioni in cambio di 15 delibere»|pubblicazione=Corriere della Sera|giorno=26|mese=luglio|anno=2012|accesso=26 luglio 2012}}</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due bribery on 25 July 2012 by Italian courts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/07/25/news/la_procura_convoca_formigoni_i_pm_concorso_in_corruzione-39646426/ |title=Formigoni indagato per corruzione "Non temo nulla, resto al mio posto" |date=16 August 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Luigi Ferrarella e Giuseppe Guastella|url=http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/12_luglio_26/yacht-viaggi-e-una-villa-tangenti-per-7-milioni-in-cambio-di-15-delibere-luigi-ferrarella-2011175952169.shtml|title=Le accuse "Yacht, viaggi e una villa Tangenti per 7 milioni in cambio di 15 delibere"|periodical=Corriere della Sera|date=26 July 2012|accessdate=26 July 2012}}</ref>
On 12 February 2013 he has been investigated due criminal group activities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://it.reuters.com/article/topNews/idITMIE91B02L20130212 |title=Maugeri, chiusa inchiesta, Formigoni fra indagati associazione delinquere }}</ref> On 3 March 2014 Roberto Formigoni has been condmned due criminal association activities and due bribery.<ref>{{Cita news|autore=Sandro de Riccardis|url=http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/03/03/news/caso_maugeri_formigoni_sar_processato_per_associazione_a_delinquere_e_corruzione-80116134/|titolo=Caso Maugeri, Formigoni sarà processato per associazione a delinquere e corruzione|pubblicazione=La Repubblica|data=3 marzo 2014|accesso=3 marzo 2014}}</ref>
On 12 February 2013 he has been investigated due criminal group activities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://it.reuters.com/article/topNews/idITMIE91B02L20130212 |title=Maugeri, chiusa inchiesta, Formigoni fra indagati associazione delinquere }}</ref> On 3 March 2014 Roberto Formigoni has been condmned due criminal association activities and due bribery.<ref>{{cite news|author=Sandro de Riccardis|url=http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/03/03/news/caso_maugeri_formigoni_sar_processato_per_associazione_a_delinquere_e_corruzione-80116134/|title=Caso Maugeri, Formigoni sarà processato per associazione a delinquere e corruzione|periodical=La Repubblica|date=3 March 2014|accessdate=3 March 2014}}</ref>
On 15 April 2016 Roberto Formigoni has been condemned for 9 years and he has been considered by the Italian Courts "Boss of criminal group" due his tactical bribery attitudes that lasted more than 10 years while he managed more than 70 million [[Euro|euro]] public money.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2016/04/15/caso-maugeri-pm-chiedono-condanna-a-nove-anni-per-formigoni/2642236/ |title= Roberto Formigoni, chiesti nove anni per ex governatore nel processo Maugeri. Pm: “Corruzione sistemica” |accessdate=23 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2018/08/16/news/maugeri_corte_conti_sequestro_5_milioni_formigoni_vitalizi_e_pensione_convalida-204256191/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I0-C8-P11-S1.8-T1 |title= Caso Maugeri, via libera al sequestro di pensione e vitalizi di Formigoni: 5 milioni di euro |accessdate= 17 August 2018 }}</ref>
On 15 April 2016 Roberto Formigoni has been condemned for 9 years and he has been considered by the Italian Courts "Boss of criminal group" due his tactical bribery attitudes that lasted more than 10 years while he managed more than 70&nbsp;million [[euro]] public money.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2016/04/15/caso-maugeri-pm-chiedono-condanna-a-nove-anni-per-formigoni/2642236/ |title= Roberto Formigoni, chiesti nove anni per ex governatore nel processo Maugeri. Pm: "Corruzione sistemica" |accessdate=23 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2018/08/16/news/maugeri_corte_conti_sequestro_5_milioni_formigoni_vitalizi_e_pensione_convalida-204256191/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I0-C8-P11-S1.8-T1 |title= Caso Maugeri, via libera al sequestro di pensione e vitalizi di Formigoni: 5 milioni di euro |accessdate= 17 August 2018 }}</ref>


Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due defamation of the Italian judge Alfredo Robledo.<ref>{{Cita news|lingua=it-IT|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2014/01/20/oil-for-food-formigoni-condannato-per-diffamazione-versi-40mila-euro-a-pm-robledo/851284/|titolo=Oil for food, "Formigoni diffamò pm Robledo, versi 40mila euro" - Il Fatto Quotidiano|pubblicazione=Il Fatto Quotidiano|data=2014-01-20|accesso=2018-05-20}}</ref>
Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due defamation of the Italian judge Alfredo Robledo.<ref>{{cite news|language=it-IT|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2014/01/20/oil-for-food-formigoni-condannato-per-diffamazione-versi-40mila-euro-a-pm-robledo/851284/|title=Oil for food, "Formigoni diffamò pm Robledo, versi 40mila euro" - Il Fatto Quotidiano|periodical=Il Fatto Quotidiano|date=20 January 2014|accessdate=20 May 2018}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
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* {{Official website|http://www.formigoni.it/}}
* {{Official website|http://www.formigoni.it/}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Formigoni, Roberto}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Formigoni, Roberto}}
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:1947 births]]

Revision as of 20:17, 21 August 2018

Roberto Formigoni
8th President of Lombardy
In office
24 April 1995 – 18 March 2013
Preceded byPaolo Arrigoni
Succeeded byRoberto Maroni
Personal details
Born (1947-03-30) 30 March 1947 (age 77)
Lecco, Italy
Political partyNcl (2017-present)
Other political
affiliations		DC (1973–1994)
PPI (1994–1995)
CDU (1995–1998)
CDL (1998–2001)
FI (2001–2009)
PDL (2009–2013)
NCD (2013–2017)
AP (2017)
ResidenceMilan
Alma materUniversità Cattolica, Milan
ProfessionPolitician, Communion And Liberation Movement former unofficial political spokesman[1][2]

Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician that was born in Lecco, Italy, on the 30 March 1947. He was the President of Lombardy in Italy since 1995 till 2013. He is the former unofficial political spokesperson of the Communion and Liberation movement.

Career

Roberto Formigoni began his political career early in Christian Democracy, through youth movements such as Gioventù Studentesca and Communion and Liberation (of which he became the unofficial political spokesman). In 1976, he founded the Popular Movement and was elected a deputy in both the European Parliament (with over 450,000 votes) and Parliament of Italy. He was also the Vice-President of the European Parliament for five years and served as under-secretary for the Environment in the Italian government.

In 1990, he garnered attention when he was involved in a mission to Iraq which successfully concluded with the freeing of some Italian technicians who were hostages of the local government. He later took part in the Oil-for-food programme for Iraq, buying 1,000,000 oil barrels (160,000 cubic metres). The move sparked controversy and linked him to alleged bribe scandals. In 1995, he and Rocco Buttiglione founded the United Christian Democrats party. In 1998, he moved to Forza Italia, when Buttiglione briefly decided to support the government of Massimo D'Alema.

He was elected President of Lombardy in 1995. Leftist groups opposed his center-right platform. President Formigoni was re-elected in 2000 carrying over 62% of the approximately 3.5 million votes, and in 2005.

He was elected to a fourth term in March 2010. His candidature had been contested by academics and left-wing politicians, as in disregard of Law n. 165/2004, that put a limit of two consecutive mandates to directly-elected Regional Presidents. Formigoni was indirectly elected in 1995, but then directly elected in 2000 and 2005. He defended himself, stating that the law was not in vigour when he was first directly elected in 2000, so he should be allowed a 4th mandate. According to some scholars, his mandate may be overturned by judges later on.[3][4]

Controversies

Roberto Formigoni candidated the Italian showgirl Nicole Minetti and dental hygienist of the former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who asked for a political seat for her and this was contested by Italian newspapers.[5] On 16 October 2012, Formigoni announced the dissolution of the regional legislature after one of his commissioners, Domenico Zambetti of the People of Freedom was arrested on accusations he bought votes from the 'Ndrangheta in 2010 and extorted favours and public building contracts, including construction tenders for the World Expo 2015 in Milan.[6][7]

Italian Courts Trials Sentences against Roberto Formigoni

2000s Bribery and environmental pollution

Roberto Formigoni has been judged on 2002 due bribery due the landfill in Cerro Maggiore, Italy.[8] Roberto Formigoni has been processed through the Italian Courts due illegal environmental pollution on December 2009.[9][10][11]

2010s: Mansory group and defamatory behavior against Italian judges

Roberto Formigoni was interrogated by Italian Court in Rome due the Propaganda 2 mansory group.[12][13][14]

Roberto Formigoni has been condemned for 1 year of imprisonment due defamation issues on 12 July 2012.[15] Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due bribery on 25 July 2012 by Italian courts.[16][17] On 12 February 2013 he has been investigated due criminal group activities.[18] On 3 March 2014 Roberto Formigoni has been condmned due criminal association activities and due bribery.[19] On 15 April 2016 Roberto Formigoni has been condemned for 9 years and he has been considered by the Italian Courts "Boss of criminal group" due his tactical bribery attitudes that lasted more than 10 years while he managed more than 70 million euro public money.[20][21]

Roberto Formigoni has been condemned due defamation of the Italian judge Alfredo Robledo.[22]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Senza Formigoni e Lupi la rete di Cl è più forte di prima - l'Espresso". espresso.repubblica.it. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  2. ^ "Formigoni e Cl: il declino di una lobby?". Indygesto. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  3. ^ Vittorio Angiolini, professore ordinario di Diritto costituzionale dell'Università di Milano; Margherita Raveraira, Università di Perugia Il limite del doppio mandato alla immediata rielezione del Presidente della giunta regionale: una questione complessa Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Federalismi.it
  4. ^ Michele Ainis, La terza via di Errani e Formigoni, La Stampa, 25 gennaio 2010
  5. ^ Running for Parliament, the Italian showgirl who made Silvio Berlusconi smile again, Mail Online, 19 febbraio 2010
  6. ^ Italy corruption probes claim Lombardy legislature, Miami Herald, 16 October 2012
  7. ^ Mafia probe claims political victim, Financial Times, 14 October 2012
  8. ^ "Formigoni rinviato a giudizio per la discarica di Cerro". La Repubblica. 11 June 2002. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
  9. ^ Ansa - Inquinamento in Lombardia
  10. ^ Inquinamento, Formigoni indagato dai pm di Milano, Corriere della Sera, 1º dicembre 2009
  11. ^ Smog, indagato anche Penati, Corriere della Sera, 26 gennaio 2010
  12. ^ La P3 agì su mandato di Formigoni Archived 17 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ ""Il gruppo agì per conto di Formigoni "Cesare" pseudonimo del premier" - Corriere della Sera". corriere.it. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  14. ^ "Per il gruppo Berlusconi era "Cesare" Informativa tira in ballo Formigoni e Caliendo". Repubblica.it. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  15. ^ "Formigoni condannato ha diffamato i Radicali - Milano". Repubblica.it. 10 November 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  16. ^ "Formigoni indagato per corruzione "Non temo nulla, resto al mio posto"". 16 August 2018.
  17. ^ Luigi Ferrarella e Giuseppe Guastella (26 July 2012). "Le accuse "Yacht, viaggi e una villa Tangenti per 7 milioni in cambio di 15 delibere"". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  18. ^ "Maugeri, chiusa inchiesta, Formigoni fra indagati associazione delinquere".
  19. ^ Sandro de Riccardis (3 March 2014). "Caso Maugeri, Formigoni sarà processato per associazione a delinquere e corruzione". La Repubblica. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
  20. ^ "Roberto Formigoni, chiesti nove anni per ex governatore nel processo Maugeri. Pm: "Corruzione sistemica"". Retrieved 23 April 2016.
  21. ^ "Caso Maugeri, via libera al sequestro di pensione e vitalizi di Formigoni: 5 milioni di euro". Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  22. ^ "Oil for food, "Formigoni diffamò pm Robledo, versi 40mila euro" - Il Fatto Quotidiano". Il Fatto Quotidiano (in Italian). 20 January 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
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