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{{EngvarB|date=October 2015}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox Former Country
{{Infobox former country
|conventional_long_name = {{nowrap|Coalition Government of<br>Democratic Kampuchea {{small|(1982-90)}}}}<br>រដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះកម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<br><small>''Gouvernement de coalition du Kampuchéa démocratique''</small><hr>National Government of Cambodia {{small|(1990-93)}}
|conventional_long_name = {{nowrap|Coalition Government of<br>Democratic Kampuchea {{small|(1982–90)}}}}<br>រដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះកម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<br><small>''Gouvernement de coalition du Kampuchéa démocratique''</small><hr>National Government of Cambodia {{small|(1990–93)}}
|native_name = រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា<br>''Gouvernement national du Cambodge''
|native_name = រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា<br>''Gouvernement national du Cambodge''
|common_name = Democratic Kampuchea
|common_name = Democratic Kampuchea
Line 8: Line 8:
|region = Southeast Asia
|region = Southeast Asia
|status = [[Provisional Government|Provisional]] [[government-in-exile]]<br>Internationally recognized state
|status = [[Provisional Government|Provisional]] [[government-in-exile]]<br>Internationally recognized state
|government_type = [[Provisional government|Provisional]] [[government-in-exile]]
|government_type = [[Provisional government|Provisional]] [[government in exile]]
|national_anthem = ''[[Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey]]'' <br />ដប់ប្រាំពីរមេសាមហាជោគជ័យ<br /><small>"Great Victorious Seventeenth of April"</small><br /><center>[[File:Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey.ogg|Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey]]</center>
|national_anthem = ''[[Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey]]''<br>ដប់ប្រាំពីរមេសាមហាជោគជ័យ<br><small>"Great Victorious Seventeenth of April"</small><br><center>[[File:Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey.ogg|Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey]]</center>
|life_span = 1982–1992
|life_span = 1982–1992
|image_map = Cambodia Cold War (orthographic projection).svg
|image_map = Cambodia Cold War (orthographic projection).svg
|image_map_caption = Location of Kampuchea, occupied by Vietnam.
|image_map_caption = Location of Kampuchea, occupied by Vietnam
|p1 = Democratic Kampuchea
|p1 = Democratic Kampuchea
|flag_p1 = Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg
|flag_p1 = Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg
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|flag_type = Flag of the CGDK
|flag_type = Flag of the CGDK
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea.jpg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea.jpg
|capital = ''Not specified''<br><small>''de jure''</small> [[Phnom Penh]]
|capital = Not specified<br>''De jure'' [[Phnom Penh]]
|common_languages = [[Khmer language|Khmer]]
|common_languages = [[Khmer language|Khmer]]
|legislature =
|legislature =
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|deputy4 =
|deputy4 =
|year_deputy4 =
|year_deputy4 =
|era = [[Cold War]] {{·}} [[Vietnamese-Cambodian War]]
|era = [[Cold War]]<br>[[Cambodian–Vietnamese War]]
|event_start = Formed
|event_start = Formed
|date_start = 22 June
|date_start = 22 June
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|today = {{flag|Cambodia}}
|today = {{flag|Cambodia}}
}}
}}
⚫
The '''Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea''' ('''CGDK'''; {{lang-km|រដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះកម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ}}, ''Odthaphibeal Chamrouh Kampouchea Brachathibtey''), renamed to the '''National Government of Cambodia''' ('''NGC'''; {{lang|km|រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា}}, ''Rodthaphibeal Cheate nei Kampouchea'') from 1990, was a coalition [[government in exile]] composed of three [[Cambodia]]n political factions, namely Prince [[Norodom Sihanouk]]'s [[FUNCINPEC]] party, the [[Party of Democratic Kampuchea]] (PDK; often referred to as the [[Khmer Rouge]]) and the [[Khmer People's National Liberation Front]] (KPNLF) formed in 1982, broadening the ''[[de facto]]'' deposed [[Democratic Kampuchea]] regime. For most of its existence, it was the internationally recognized government of [[Cambodia]].


⚫
== International recognition ==
⚫
The '''Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea''' ('''CGDK''', {{lang-km|រដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះកម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ}}, ''Odthaphibeal Chamrouh Kampouchea Brachathibtey''); renamed to the '''National Government of Cambodia''' ('''NGC''', {{lang|km|រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា}}, ''Rodthaphibeal Cheate nei Kampouchea'') from 1990, was a coalition [[government in exile]] composed of three [[Cambodia]]n political factions: Prince [[Norodom Sihanouk]]'s [[Funcinpec]] party, the [[Party of Democratic Kampuchea]] (often referred to as the [[Khmer Rouge]]), and the [[Khmer People's National Liberation Front]] (KPNLF) formed in 1982, broadening the ''[[de facto]]'' deposed [[Democratic Kampuchea]] regime. For most of its existence, it was the internationally recognized government of [[Cambodia]].
⚫
The signing ceremony of the coalition took place in [[Kuala Lumpur]] on 22 June 1982.<ref>Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 76</ref> The president of the coalition was Prince Norodom Sihanouk, the prime minister was the KPNLF leader [[Son Sann]] and the foreign secretary was PDK leader [[Khieu Samphan]].<ref name=CIA/>


⚫
[[File:Cambodia anti-PRK border camps.png|thumb|280px|Border camps hostile to the [[People's Republic of Kampuchea]], 1979–1984]]
⚫
==International recognition==
⚫
The CGDK was allowed to retain the Cambodian/Kampuchean seat in the [[United Nations]] on the premise that it was a legitimate Cambodian government in contrast to the pro-[[Vietnam]]ese [[People's Republic of Kampuchea]] regime (the [[Western world|Western]] states had previously opposed proposals by the [[Eastern Bloc]] countries to replace the Khmer Rouge-held seat of Cambodia by the representation of the Vietnamese-installed regime). The United Nations General Assembly voted on the proposed ouster of Democratic Kampuchea: 91 rejected the proposal, there were 29 countries in favour and 26 abstentions. In contrast, the results in 1981 had been 77–37–31.<ref>Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 80. In ''Asian Survey'', 23:1, 1983.</ref> The CGDK was also recognised by [[North Korea]], whose leader, [[Kim Il-Sung]] had offered Sihanouk sanctuary after he was deposed by [[Lon Nol]] in 1970. During a meeting in Pyongyang between Kim Il-sung and Sihanouk on 10 April 1986, Kim Il-Sung reassured Sihanouk that North Korea would continue to regard him as the legitimate head of state of Cambodia.<ref>Daniel Bultmann (2015) 'Inside Cambodian Insurgency. A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict', Ashgate: Burlington, VT/Farnham, UK, {{ISBN|9781472443076}}.</ref><ref>[http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/IJ31Ae02.html Odd couple: The royal and the Red By Bertil Lintner] Asia Times online. Accessed on 15 August 2009.</ref>
⚫
The signing ceremony of the coalition took place in [[Kuala Lumpur]] on 22 June 1982.<ref>Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 76</ref>
The President of the coalition was Prince Norodom Sihanouk, the [[Prime Minister]] was the KPNLF leader [[Son Sann]] and the foreign secretary was PDK leader [[Khieu Samphan]]<ref name=CIA/>.
⚫
[[File:Cambodia anti-PRK border camps.png|thumb|280px|Border camps hostile to the [[People's Republic of Kampuchea|PRK]]; 1979-1984]]
⚫
The CGDK was allowed to retain the Cambodian/Kampuchean seat in the [[United Nations|UN]] on the premise that it was a legitimate Cambodian government in contrast to the pro-[[Vietnam]]ese [[People's Republic of Kampuchea]] regime (the [[Western world|Western]] states had previously opposed proposals by the [[Eastern bloc]] countries to replace the Khmer Rouge-held seat of Cambodia by the representation of the Vietnamese-installed regime). The UN General Assembly voted on the proposed ouster of Democratic Kampuchea: 91 rejected the proposal, there were 29 countries in favour and 26 abstentions. In contrast, in 1981, the results had been 77-37-31.<ref>Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 80. In ''Asian Survey'', 23:1, 1983.</ref> The CGDK was also recognised by [[North Korea]], whose leader, [[Kim Il-Sung]], had offered Sihanouk sanctuary after he was deposed by [[Lon Nol]] in 1970. During a meeting between Kim Il-sung and Sihanouk on 10 April 1986, in Pyongyang, Kim Il-Sung reassured Sihanouk that North Korea would continue to regard him as the legitimate [[head of state]] of Cambodia.<ref>Daniel Bultmann (2015) 'Inside Cambodian Insurgency. A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict', Ashgate: Burlington, VT/Farnham, UK, {{ISBN|9781472443076}}.</ref><ref>[http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/IJ31Ae02.html Odd couple: The royal and the Red By Bertil Lintner] Asia Times online. Accessed on 15 August 2009.</ref>


==History==
== History ==
{{Main|Vietnamese border raids in Thailand}}
{{main|Vietnamese border raids in Thailand}}
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, prior to the formation of the CGDK political coalition, the Sonn Sann and Sihanouk opposition forces, then known as the [[Khmer People's National Liberation Front|KPNLF]] and [[FUNCINPEC]], drew some military and financial support from the [[United States]], which sought to assist these two movements as part of the [[Reagan Doctrine]] effort to counter [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] and [[Vietnam]]ese involvement in Cambodia. In 1984 and 1985, however, the Vietnamese army's offensives severely weakened the CGDK troops' positions, in effect eliminating the two non-communist factions as military players, leaving the Khmer Rouge as the sole military force of importance of the CGDK.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UATjStQrnsAC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=Coalition+Government+of+Democratic+Kampuchea&source=bl&ots=lxqWS0EUHO&sig=x2UshbmhxEvAK3ap1NOtNmMsYaY&hl=en&ei=yL2GSoSrJYGX_QaqneiOAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10#v=onepage&q=&f=false Explaining ASEAN: Regionalism in Southeast Asia] By Shaun Narine. Google Books.</ref> One of the Reagan Doctrine's principal architects, [[The Heritage Foundation]]'s [[Michael Johns (policy analyst)|Michael Johns]], visited with Sonn Sann and Sihanouk forces in Cambodia in 1987, and returned to [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] urging expanded US support for the KPNLF and the Sihanouk resistance forces as a third alternative to both the Vietnamese-installed and supported Cambodian government and the Khmer Rouge, which also was resisting the government.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20021124180249/http://www.worldandi.com/specialreport/1988/february/Sa13957.htm "Cambodia at a Crossroads," by Michael Johns, ''The World and I'' magazine, February 1988.]</ref>
Prior to the formation of the CGDK political coalition, in the late 1980s and early 1990s the Sonn Sann and Sihanouk opposition forces, then known as the [[Khmer People's National Liberation Front|KPNLF]] and [[FUNCINPEC]], drew some military and financial support from the [[United States]], which sought to assist these two movements as part of the [[Reagan Doctrine]] effort to counter [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] and [[Vietnam]]ese involvement in Cambodia. In 1984 and 1985, the Vietnamese army's offensives severely weakened the CGDK troops' positions, in effect eliminating the two non-communist factions as military players, leaving the Khmer Rouge as the sole military force of importance of the CGDK.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UATjStQrnsAC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=Coalition+Government+of+Democratic+Kampuchea&source=bl&ots=lxqWS0EUHO&sig=x2UshbmhxEvAK3ap1NOtNmMsYaY&hl=en&ei=yL2GSoSrJYGX_QaqneiOAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10#v=onepage&q=&f=false Explaining ASEAN: Regionalism in Southeast Asia] By Shaun Narine. Google Books.</ref> One of the Reagan Doctrine's principal architects, [[The Heritage Foundation]]'s [[Michael Johns (policy analyst)|Michael Johns]], visited with Sonn Sann and Sihanouk forces in Cambodia in 1987 and returned to [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] urging expanded United States support for the KPNLF and the Sihanouk resistance forces as a third alternative to both the Vietnamese-installed and supported Cambodian government and the Khmer Rouge, which also was resisting the government.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20021124180249/http://www.worldandi.com/specialreport/1988/february/Sa13957.htm "Cambodia at a Crossroads," by Michael Johns, ''The World and I'' magazine, February 1988.]</ref>


Although the PDK was for the most part isolated from diplomacy, their [[National Army of Democratic Kampuchea]] were the largest and most effective armed forces of the CGDK. In 1987, Prince Sihanouk proceeded to take 'a leave of absence' from his position as the president of the CGDK, a move that raised the hopes of Hanoi and Moscow that he would depart the coalition.
Although the PDK was for the most part isolated from diplomacy, their [[National Army of Democratic Kampuchea]] were the largest and most effective armed forces of the CGDK. In 1987, Prince Sihanouk proceeded to take a leave of absence from his position as the president of the CGDK, a move that raised the hopes of Hanoi and Moscow that he would depart the coalition.


In 1990 in the run up to the UN sponsored Paris Peace Agreement of 1991, the CGDK renamed itself the '''National Government of Cambodia'''. It was dissolved in 1993, a year which saw the [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia]] turn power over to the restored [[Cambodia|Kingdom of Cambodia]]. In July 1994 the Khmer Rouge would form an internationally unrecognised rival government known as the [[Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia]].
In 1990, in the run up to the United Nations sponsored Paris Peace Agreement of 1991 the CGDK renamed itself the National Government of Cambodia. It was dissolved in 1993, a year which saw the [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia]] turn power over to the restored [[Cambodia|Kingdom of Cambodia]]. In July 1994, the Khmer Rouge would form an internationally unrecognised rival government known as the [[Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia]].


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
== External links ==
*[http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/72.htm Government and Politics of Cambodia - Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea]
* [http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/72.htm Government and Politics of Cambodia - Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea]


{{Cambodia topics}}
{{Cambodia topics}}
{{Socialism by state}}
{{Socialism by state}}

[[Category:20th century in Cambodia]]
[[Category:20th century in Cambodia]]
[[Category:Coalition governments]]
[[Category:Coalition governments]]

Revision as of 20:58, 20 September 2018

Coalition Government of
Democratic Kampuchea (1982–90)
រដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះកម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ
Gouvernement de coalition du Kampuchéa démocratique
National Government of Cambodia (1990–93)
រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា
Gouvernement national du Cambodge
1982–1992
Coat of arms of Democratic Kampuchea
Coat of arms
Anthem: Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey
ដប់ប្រាំពីរមេសាមហាជោគជ័យ
"Great Victorious Seventeenth of April"
Location of Kampuchea, occupied by Vietnam
Location of Kampuchea, occupied by Vietnam
StatusProvisional government-in-exile
Internationally recognized state
CapitalNot specified
De jure Phnom Penh
Common languagesKhmer
GovernmentProvisional government in exile
President 
• 1982–1987
Norodom Sihanouk
Vice President 
Prime Minister 
• 1982
Son Sann
Historical eraCold War
Cambodian–Vietnamese War
• Formed
22 June 1982
• Paris Peace Agreement
23 October 1991
• UNTAC mission begins
15 March 1992
Area
181,035 km2 (69,898 sq mi)
CurrencyCambodian riel
Calling code855
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Democratic Kampuchea
Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia
Today part of Cambodia

The Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK; Template:Lang-km, Odthaphibeal Chamrouh Kampouchea Brachathibtey), renamed to the National Government of Cambodia (NGC; រដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិនៃកម្ពុជា, Rodthaphibeal Cheate nei Kampouchea) from 1990, was a coalition government in exile composed of three Cambodian political factions, namely Prince Norodom Sihanouk's FUNCINPEC party, the Party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK; often referred to as the Khmer Rouge) and the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) formed in 1982, broadening the de facto deposed Democratic Kampuchea regime. For most of its existence, it was the internationally recognized government of Cambodia.

International recognition

The signing ceremony of the coalition took place in Kuala Lumpur on 22 June 1982.[2] The president of the coalition was Prince Norodom Sihanouk, the prime minister was the KPNLF leader Son Sann and the foreign secretary was PDK leader Khieu Samphan.[1]

Border camps hostile to the People's Republic of Kampuchea, 1979–1984

The CGDK was allowed to retain the Cambodian/Kampuchean seat in the United Nations on the premise that it was a legitimate Cambodian government in contrast to the pro-Vietnamese People's Republic of Kampuchea regime (the Western states had previously opposed proposals by the Eastern Bloc countries to replace the Khmer Rouge-held seat of Cambodia by the representation of the Vietnamese-installed regime). The United Nations General Assembly voted on the proposed ouster of Democratic Kampuchea: 91 rejected the proposal, there were 29 countries in favour and 26 abstentions. In contrast, the results in 1981 had been 77–37–31.[3] The CGDK was also recognised by North Korea, whose leader, Kim Il-Sung had offered Sihanouk sanctuary after he was deposed by Lon Nol in 1970. During a meeting in Pyongyang between Kim Il-sung and Sihanouk on 10 April 1986, Kim Il-Sung reassured Sihanouk that North Korea would continue to regard him as the legitimate head of state of Cambodia.[4][5]

History

Main article: Vietnamese border raids in Thailand

Prior to the formation of the CGDK political coalition, in the late 1980s and early 1990s the Sonn Sann and Sihanouk opposition forces, then known as the KPNLF and FUNCINPEC, drew some military and financial support from the United States, which sought to assist these two movements as part of the Reagan Doctrine effort to counter Soviet and Vietnamese involvement in Cambodia. In 1984 and 1985, the Vietnamese army's offensives severely weakened the CGDK troops' positions, in effect eliminating the two non-communist factions as military players, leaving the Khmer Rouge as the sole military force of importance of the CGDK.[6] One of the Reagan Doctrine's principal architects, The Heritage Foundation's Michael Johns, visited with Sonn Sann and Sihanouk forces in Cambodia in 1987 and returned to Washington urging expanded United States support for the KPNLF and the Sihanouk resistance forces as a third alternative to both the Vietnamese-installed and supported Cambodian government and the Khmer Rouge, which also was resisting the government.[7]

Although the PDK was for the most part isolated from diplomacy, their National Army of Democratic Kampuchea were the largest and most effective armed forces of the CGDK. In 1987, Prince Sihanouk proceeded to take a leave of absence from his position as the president of the CGDK, a move that raised the hopes of Hanoi and Moscow that he would depart the coalition.

In 1990, in the run up to the United Nations sponsored Paris Peace Agreement of 1991 the CGDK renamed itself the National Government of Cambodia. It was dissolved in 1993, a year which saw the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia turn power over to the restored Kingdom of Cambodia. In July 1994, the Khmer Rouge would form an internationally unrecognised rival government known as the Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia.

References

  1. ^ a b https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP86S00596R000200800001-0.pdf
  2. ^ Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 76
  3. ^ Carney, Timothy. Kampuchea in 1982: Political and Military Escalation. p. 80. In Asian Survey, 23:1, 1983.
  4. ^ Daniel Bultmann (2015) 'Inside Cambodian Insurgency. A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict', Ashgate: Burlington, VT/Farnham, UK, ISBN 9781472443076.
  5. ^ Odd couple: The royal and the Red By Bertil Lintner Asia Times online. Accessed on 15 August 2009.
  6. ^ Explaining ASEAN: Regionalism in Southeast Asia By Shaun Narine. Google Books.
  7. ^ "Cambodia at a Crossroads," by Michael Johns, The World and I magazine, February 1988.
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