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|title= Muslims Percentage by Country<ref name="AfgCIA">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html#People |title=CIA – The World Factbook – Afghanistan |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref name="pewforum.org">{{Cite news|url=http://www.pewforum.org/interactives/muslim-population-graphic/#/Bangladesh|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|date=2011-01-15|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|access-date=2017-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="IndCIA">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bt.html |title=CIA – The World Factbook |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref name="IndCIA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |title=Indian Census |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |accessdate=2010-08-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514045222/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |archivedate=14 May 2007 |df= }}</ref><ref name=EmoryLaw>{{cite web|url=http://www.law.emory.edu/ifl/legal/maldives.htm |title=Maldives |publisher=Law.emory.edu |date=1920-02-21 |accessdate=2010-08-23}}</ref><ref>[http://countrystudies.us/maldives/7.htm Maldives – Religion], ''countrystudies.us''</ref><ref name="cia.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/np.html|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-05-24}}</ref><ref name="PakCIA">[http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_religion.pdf Population by religions] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060617205811/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_religion.pdf |date=17 June 2006 }}, [[Statistics Division of the Government of Pakistan]]</ref><ref name="SriCIA">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.lk/census2001/population/ds_div/t001b.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513050552/http://www.statistics.gov.lk/census2001/population/ds_div/t001b.htm |archivedate=2007-05-13 |title=Table 1 |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=2007-05-13 |accessdate=2010-08-23}}</ref>
|title= South Asian Muslims Percentage by Country<ref name="AfgCIA">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html#People |title=CIA – The World Factbook – Afghanistan |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref name="pewforum.org">{{Cite news|url=http://www.pewforum.org/interactives/muslim-population-graphic/#/Bangladesh|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|date=2011-01-15|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|access-date=2017-05-24|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="IndCIA">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bt.html |title=CIA – The World Factbook |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref name="IndCIA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |title=Indian Census |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |accessdate=2010-08-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514045222/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |archivedate=14 May 2007 |df= }}</ref><ref name=EmoryLaw>{{cite web|url=http://www.law.emory.edu/ifl/legal/maldives.htm |title=Maldives |publisher=Law.emory.edu |date=1920-02-21 |accessdate=2010-08-23}}</ref><ref>[http://countrystudies.us/maldives/7.htm Maldives – Religion], ''countrystudies.us''</ref><ref name="cia.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/np.html|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-05-24}}</ref><ref name="PakCIA">[http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_religion.pdf Population by religions] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060617205811/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_religion.pdf |date=17 June 2006 }}, [[Statistics Division of the Government of Pakistan]]</ref><ref name="SriCIA">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.lk/census2001/population/ds_div/t001b.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513050552/http://www.statistics.gov.lk/census2001/population/ds_div/t001b.htm |archivedate=2007-05-13 |title=Table 1 |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=2007-05-13 |accessdate=2010-08-23}}</ref>
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Revision as of 03:16, 26 September 2018

Islam by country
World percentage of Muslims by country
Africa
Asia
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Islam began in Asia in the 7th century during the lifetime of Muhammad. A number of adherents of Islam have lived in Asia & especially West Asia and South Asia since the beginning of Islamic history. Islam is said to have arrived in Manipur (Northeast India) in 615 AD via Chittagong which is part of present-day Bangladesh's coast in the age of silk route (both onland and by sea) trades when Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas (b.594-d.674 AD) and others, namely Uwais al-Qarni (594-657), Khunais ibn Hudhaifa, Saeed ibn Zaid, Wahb Abu Kabcha, Jahsh and Jafar ibn Abu Talib preached there. The Barmakid family was an early supporter of the Abbasid Revolution against the Umayyads and of As-Saffah. This gave Khalid ibn Barmak considerable influence, and his son Yaḥyā ibn Khālid (d. 806) was the vizier of the caliph al-Mahdi (ruled 775–785) and tutor of Hārūn ar-Rashīd (ruled 786-809). Yaḥyā's sons al-Faḍl and Ja'far (767-803) both occupied high offices under Harun.

Many Barmakids were patrons of the sciences, which greatly helped the propagation of Indian science and scholarship from the neighboring Academy of Gundishapur into the Arabic world. They patronized scholars such as Gebir and Jabril ibn Bukhtishu. They are also credited with the establishment of the first paper mill in Baghdad. The power of the Barmakids in those times is reflected in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights; the vizier Ja'far appears in several stories, as well as a tale that gave rise to the expression “Barmecide feast”.

We know of Yaḥyā ibn Khālid al-Barmakī (d. link CE) as a patron of physicians and, specifically, of the translation of Hindu medical works into both Arabic and Persian. In all likelihood, however, his activity took place in the orbit of the caliphal court in Iraq, where at the behest of Hārūn ar-Rashīd (786-809), such books were translated into Arabic. Thus Khurāsān and Transoxiana were effectively bypassed in this transfer of learning from India to Islam, even though, undeniably the Barmakī's cultural outlook owed something to their land of origin, northern Afghanistan, and Yaḥyā al-Barmakī's interest in medicine may have derived from no longer identifiable family tradition.[1]

Many of the early governors of the Caliphate were Barmakids. Khalid ibn Barmak built Mansura, Sindh and later Baghdad. His son was the governor of what is now Azerbaijan.

Current status

Islam is currently the largest religion in Asia (25%) followed by Hinduism.[2] The total number of Muslims in Asia in 2010 was about 1.1 billion. Asia is home to the largest Muslim population, with West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia being particularly important regions. 62% of the world's Muslims live in Asia, with Indonesia, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh having the four largest Muslim populations in the world. The spread of Islam outside of the Arabian peninsula and into other parts of the continent can be linked to the extensive trade routes connecting West Asia to China.

South Asia

Desi Muslims
United Nations cartographic map of South Asia
Total population
approx. 600 million (31.4%)[3][4]
Regions with significant populations
 Pakistan200,294,136 (2017)[5]
 India189,000,000 (2017)[6]
 Bangladesh148,607,000 (2010)[7]
 Afghanistan34,022,437 (2017)[8]
 Sri Lanka1,967,227 (2011)[9]
   Nepal1,292,909 (2017)[10]
 Maldives521,457 (2017)[11][12]
 Bhutan≤2,000 (2010)[13]
Languages
Sacred languages:[14]
Religion
Islam (Vast majority Sunni and significant minority Shia)

Islam in South Asia has existed since the beginning of Islamic history.[15] Islam is the second largest religion in South Asia.[16] There are approximately 600 million South Asian Muslims, informally known as Desi Muslims, forming 31.4% of South Asia's population.[17][18][3][4] In addition, about 30.6% of all Muslims live in South Asia,[19][20] which is the largest population of Muslims in the world.[21] Islam first came to South Asia to the western coast of India when Arab traders as early as the 7th century CE came to coastal Malabar.[22] The Cheraman Juma Masjid in Kerala is thought to be the first mosque in India, built in 629 CE by Malik ibn Dinar.[23][24][15][25][26][27]

The first Arab raid came in 635 AD when the Governor of Bahrain sent an expedition against Bharuch, a coastal city in Gujarat.[28] After the Islamic conquest of Persia was completed, the Muslim Arabs then began to move towards the lands east of Persia and in 652 captured Herat.[29] In 712 CE, a young Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered most of the Indus region for the Umayyad empire, to be made the "As-Sindh" province with its capital at Al-Mansurah.[30][31][32][33][34] Sindh became the easternmost province of the Umayyad Caliphate. By the end of the 10th century CE, the region was ruled by several Hindu Shahi kings who would be subdued by the Ghaznavids. Dawoodi Bohra Ismailli Shia was established in Gujarat in the second half of the 11th century, when Fatimid Imam Mustansir sent missionaries to Gujarat in 467 AH/1073 AD.[35][36] Islam arrived in North India in the 12th century via the Turkic invasions and has since become a part of India's religious and cultural heritage.[37] Muslims have played a prominent role in India's economic rise and cultural influence.[38]

South Asian Muslims Percentage by Country[39][7][40][40][41][42][43][10][44][45]
Country Percent
 Maldives
 
 100%
 Afghanistan
 
 99%
 Pakistan
 
 96.28%
 Bangladesh
 
 90.4%
 India
 
 14.5%
 Sri Lanka
 
 9.71%
   Nepal
 
 4.4%
 Bhutan
 
 0.2%

See also

References

  1. ^ History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 4, Part 2 By C. E. Bosworth, M.S. Asimov, page 300
  2. ^ [1] accessed April 3, 2012. Archived January 18, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b "Sense and sensibility in South Asia". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  4. ^ a b "The Muslim question". Times of India Blog. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  5. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  6. ^ "Muslim Population in India - Muslims in Indian States". www.indiaonlinepages.com. Retrieved 2017-10-04.
  7. ^ a b "The Future of the Global Muslim Population". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2011-01-15. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  8. ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  9. ^ Department of Census and Statistics,The Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka-2011
  10. ^ a b "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  11. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  12. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  13. ^ Pew Research Center - Global Religious Landscape 2010 - religious composition by country.
  14. ^ Al-Jallad, Ahmad. "Polygenesis in the Arabic Dialects". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. ^ a b "PM Narendra Modi likely to visit India's oldest mosque during Kerala trip - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  16. ^ "South Asia". www.cotf.edu. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  17. ^ ""Region: South Asia"". Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  18. ^ Editor, Daniel Burke, CNN Religion. "The moment American Muslims were waiting for". Retrieved 1 January 2017. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ Pechilis, Karen; Raj, Selva J. (2013-01-01). South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today. Routledge. ISBN 9780415448512.
  20. ^ "10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2017-02-07.
  21. ^ Diplomat, Akhilesh Pillalamarri, The. "How South Asia Will Save Global Islam". The Diplomat. Retrieved 2017-02-07.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ "Trade, not invasion brought Islam to India". The Times of India. 24 June 2007.
  23. ^ "Solomon To Cheraman".
  24. ^ "Cheraman Juma Masjid: A 1,000-year-old lamp burns in this mosque - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  25. ^ "PM Modi gifts gold-plated replica of ancient Kerala mosque to Saudi King". The Indian Express. 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  26. ^ "Oldest Indian mosque sets new precedent". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  27. ^ Reporter, Staff (2011-06-29). "1400-year-old mosque to be restored to its original form". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  28. ^ Gokhale. Surat In The Seventeenth Century. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 9788171542208.
  29. ^ "Afghanistan | history - geography". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  30. ^ "History in Chronological Order". Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 23 July 2010. Retrieved 15 January 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ "Figuring Qasim: How Pakistan was won". Dawn. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  32. ^ "The first Pakistani?". Dawn. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  33. ^ "Muhammad Bin Qasim: Predator or preacher?". Dawn. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  34. ^ Paracha, Nadeem F. "Why some in Pakistan want to replace Jinnah as the founder of the country with an 8th century Arab". Scroll.in. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  35. ^ Blank, Jonah (2001-04-15). Mullahs on the Mainframe: Islam and Modernity Among the Daudi Bohras. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226056760.
  36. ^ Jaffer, Nina. "The Ismaili da'wa Outside the Fatimid dawla". www.amaana.org. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  37. ^ Sharma, Usha. Cultural and Religious Heritage of India: Islam. Mittal Publications, 2004. ISBN 978-81-7099-960-7. ISBN 81-7099-960-X.
  38. ^ Madani, Mohsen (1993). Impact of Hindu Culture on Muslims. MDPPL. p. 1.
  39. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook – Afghanistan". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
  40. ^ a b "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
  41. ^ "Indian Census". Censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 14 May 2007. Retrieved 2010-08-23. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  42. ^ "Maldives". Law.emory.edu. 1920-02-21. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  43. ^ Maldives – Religion, countrystudies.us
  44. ^ Population by religions Archived 17 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine, Statistics Division of the Government of Pakistan
  45. ^ "Table 1". Web.archive.org. 2007-05-13. Archived from the original on 2007-05-13. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
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