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Coordinates: 37°2′20.5″N 137°51′45.6″E / 37.039028°N 137.862667°E / 37.039028; 137.862667
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] ([[Kōshin'etsu region|Kōshin'etsu]]) ([[Hokuriku region|Hokuriku]])
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] ([[Kōshin'etsu region|Kōshin'etsu]]) ([[Hokuriku region|Hokuriku]])
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Niigata Prefecture|NIigata]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Niigata Prefecture|Niigata]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
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<!-- population -->
<!-- population -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total = 44684
| population_total = 43192
| population_as_of = June 2016
| population_as_of = September 1 2018
| population_density_km2 = 59.9
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| pop_est_as_of =
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| blank_info_sec1 = &nbsp;
| blank_info_sec1 = &nbsp;
| blank1_name_sec1 = • Tree
| blank1_name_sec1 = • Tree
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Fagus crenata]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Fagus crenata|Siebold's beech]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = • Flower
| blank2_name_sec1 = • Flower
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Lilium|Lilium japonicum]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Lilium|Lilium japonicum]]
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| blank1_info_sec2 = 1-2-5 Ichinomiya, Itoigawa-shi, Niigata-ken 941-8501
| blank1_info_sec2 = 1-2-5 Ichinomiya, Itoigawa-shi, Niigata-ken 941-8501
<!-- website, footnotes -->
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = [http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/ http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/]
| website = {{Official|1=http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
[[File:Hokuriku Expressway and Route 8 Oyashirazu Niigata JPN 001.jpg|right|thumb|270px|Hokuriku Expressway and Route 8 Oyashirazu coast]]
[[File:Hokuriku Expressway and Route 8 Oyashirazu Niigata JPN 001.jpg|right|thumb|270px|Hokuriku Expressway and Route 8 Oyashirazu coast]]


{{Nihongo|'''Itoigawa'''|糸魚川市|Itoigawa-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Niigata Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2016|06|30}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 44,684, and a [[population density]] of 59.9 persons per km². Its total area is {{convert|746.24|sqkm|sqmi}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/secure/5403/H2806.pdf|title=糸魚川市人口及び世帯表|last=|first=|date=July 2016|website=|publisher=Itoigawa City|access-date=31 July 2016}}</ref>
{{Nihongo|'''Itoigawa'''|糸魚川市|Itoigawa-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Niigata Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2018|09|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 43,192, and a [[population density]] of 58 persons per km². The total area of the city is {{convert|746.24|sqkm|sqmi}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp|title=Itoigawa official statistics|last=|first=|date=29 September 2018|website=|publisher=Itoigawa City|access-date=29 September 2019}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Itoigawa is located in the far southwestern corner of Niigata Prefecture, bordered by the [[Sea of Japan]] to the north, [[Nagano prefecture]] to the south, and [[Toyama Prefecture]] to the west. Parts of the city are within the borders of the [[Chūbu-Sangaku National Park]] or the [[Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park]]. Itoigawa is also famous for its jade which can be found on local beaches. Itoigawa also lends its name to the [[Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line]], a major [[fault (geology)|fault]] that runs from Itoigawa, through [[Lake Suwa]] to the city of [[Shizuoka, Shizuoka|Shizuoka]] in [[Shizuoka Prefecture]], forming the western border of the [[Fossa Magna]].
Itoigawa is located in the far southwestern corner of Niigata Prefecture, bordered by the [[Sea of Japan]] to the north, [[Nagano Prefecture]] to the south, and [[Toyama Prefecture]] to the west. Parts of the city are within the borders of the [[Chūbu-Sangaku National Park]] or the [[Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park]]. Itoigawa is also famous for its jade which can be found on local beaches. Itoigawa also lends its name to the [[Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line]], a major [[fault (geology)|fault]] that runs from Itoigawa, through [[Lake Suwa]] to the city of [[Shizuoka, Shizuoka|Shizuoka]] in [[Shizuoka Prefecture]], forming the western border of the [[Fossa Magna]].


===Surrounding municipalities===
===Surrounding municipalities===
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*[[Toyama Prefecture]]
*[[Toyama Prefecture]]
**[[Asahi, Toyama|Asahi]]
**[[Asahi, Toyama|Asahi]]

==Climate==
Itoigawa has a [[Humid subtropical climate|Humid climate]] (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Itoigawa is 13.5&nbsp;°C. The average annual rainfall is 2173&nbsp;mm with September as the wettest month.The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.2&nbsp;°C, and lowest in January, at around 2.2&nbsp;°C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/location/5519/ Itoigawa climate data]</ref>

==Demographics==
Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-niigata.php Itoigawa population statistics]</ref> the population of Itoigawa has declined steadily over the past 40 years.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Census Year
! Population
|-
| 1970
| 67,785
|-
| 1980
| 61,488
|-
| 1990
| 56,803
|-
| 2000
| 53,021
|-
| 2010
| 47,702
|}


==History==
==History==
The area of present-day Itoigawa was part of ancient [[Echigo Province]]. Historically, Itoigawa lies at the end of the famous ''shio no michi'' (salt road) that supplied salt to ancient Edo ([[Tokyo]]) via [[Shinano Province]]. During the [[Edo period]], Itoigawa was the [[castle town]] for [[Itoigawa Domain]]. After the [[Meiji restoration]], Itoigawa became a town within [[Nishikubiki District, Niigata]].
The area of present-day Itoigawa was part of ancient [[Echigo Province]]. Historically, Itoigawa lies at the end of the ''shio no michi'' (salt road) that supplied salt to from the Sea of Japan to [[Edo]] via [[Shinano Province]]. During the [[Edo period]], Itoigawa was the [[jōkamachi|castle town]] for [[Itoigawa Domain]]. After the [[Meiji restoration]], with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889, Itoigawa became a town within [[Nishikubiki District, Niigata]].


The modern city was created on June 1, 1954. On April 1, 2005, the towns of [[Nō, Niigata|Nō]] and [[Ōmi, Niigata|Ōmi]] (both from [[Nishikubiki District, Niigata|Nishikubiki District]]) were merged into Itoigawa.
The modern city was created on June 1, 1954. On April 1, 2005, the towns of [[Nō, Niigata|Nō]] and [[Ōmi, Niigata|Ōmi]] (both from [[Nishikubiki District, Niigata|Nishikubiki District]]) were merged into Itoigawa.
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==Transportation==
==Transportation==
===Railway===
===Railway===
*[[JR West]] – [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]]
[[File:Shinkansen jrw.svg|15px]] – [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]]
**[[Itoigawa Station]]
*[[Itoigawa Station]]
*[[JR West]] - [[Ōito Line]]
[[File:JR logo (west).svg|20px]] [[JR West]] - [[Ōito Line]]
**{{STN|Hiraiwa}} - {{STN|Kotaki}} - {{STN|Nechi}} - {{STN|Kubiki-Ōno}} - {{STN|Himekawa|Niigata}} - {{STN|Itoigawa}}
*{{STN|Hiraiwa}} - {{STN|Kotaki}} - {{STN|Nechi}} - {{STN|Kubiki-Ōno}} - {{STN|Himekawa|Niigata}} - {{STN|Itoigawa}}
*[[Echigo Tokimeki Railway]] - [[Nihonkai Hisui Line]]
[[File:Echigo-TOKImeki logomark.svg|25px]] [[Echigo Tokimeki Railway]] - [[Nihonkai Hisui Line]]
**[[Ichiburi Station|Ichiburi]] - [[Oyashirazu Station|Oyashirazu]] - [[Ōmi Station (Niigata)|Ōmi]] - [[Itoigawa Station|Itoigawa]] - [[Kajiyashiki Station|Kajiyashiki]] - [[Uramoto Station|Uramoto]] - [[Nō Station|Nō]] - [[Tsutsuishi Station|Tsutsuishi]]
*[[Ichiburi Station|Ichiburi]] - [[Oyashirazu Station|Oyashirazu]] - [[Ōmi Station (Niigata)|Ōmi]] - [[Itoigawa Station|Itoigawa]] - [[Kajiyashiki Station|Kajiyashiki]] - [[Uramoto Station|Uramoto]] - [[Nō Station|Nō]] - [[Tsutsuishi Station|Tsutsuishi]]
*[[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]]
[[File:Ainokaze Toyama Railway logo.png|25px]] [[Ainokaze Toyama Railway]]
**[[Ichiburi Station|Ichiburi]]
*[[Ichiburi Station|Ichiburi]]


===Highway===
===Highway===
*[[Hokuriku Expressway]] – Oyashirazu IC, Itoigawa IC, Nō IC
*[[file:E8 Expressway.png|20px]] [[Hokuriku Expressway]] – Oyashirazu IC, Itoigawa IC, Nō IC
* [[Japan National Route 49]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|49}}
* [[Japan National Route 290]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|290}}
* [[Japan National Route 8]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|8}}
* [[Japan National Route 148]]
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|148}}


==Local attractions==
==Local attractions==
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*The city is known for its distinctive black-colored [[yakisoba]].<ref>Trautlein, Steve, "[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fg20120824st.html The chow-down tour of Kanto's local dishes]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', 24 August 2012, p. 15</ref>
*The city is known for its distinctive black-colored [[yakisoba]].<ref>Trautlein, Steve, "[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fg20120824st.html The chow-down tour of Kanto's local dishes]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', 24 August 2012, p. 15</ref>
* Itoigawa is also known for its unique ''bugaku'', a variety of [[gagaku|traditional Japanese performance art]]. Itoigawa Bugaku can be seen at festivals taking place at Hakusan Shrine and Amatsu Shrine, and has been nationally designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Asset.
* Itoigawa is also known for its unique ''bugaku'', a variety of [[gagaku|traditional Japanese performance art]]. Itoigawa Bugaku can be seen at festivals taking place at Hakusan Shrine and Amatsu Shrine, and has been nationally designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Asset.

===National Historic Sites===
*[[Chōjagahara Site]], Jōmon period archaeological site
*[[Terachi Site]], Jōmon period archaeological site
*[[Matsumoto Kaidō]]


==Notable people from Itoigawa==
==Notable people from Itoigawa==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{ja icon}}
*[http://www.city.itoigawa.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{ja icon}}


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[[Category:Geoparks in Japan]]
[[Category:Geoparks in Japan]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Japan]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Japan]]
[[Category:Itoigawa, Niigata]]

Revision as of 00:42, 29 September 2018

Itoigawa
糸魚川市
City
Itoigawa City Hall
Itoigawa City Hall
Flag of Itoigawa
Flag
Official seal of Itoigawa
Seal
Location of Itoigawa in Niigata
Location of Itoigawa in Niigata
Itoigawa is located in Japan
Itoigawa
Itoigawa
 
Coordinates: 37°2′20.5″N 137°51′45.6″E / 37.039028°N 137.862667°E / 37.039028; 137.862667
CountryJapan
RegionChūbu (Kōshin'etsu) (Hokuriku)
PrefectureNiigata
Area
 • Total
746.24 km2 (288.12 sq mi)
Population
 (September 1 2018)
 • Total
43,192
 • Density58/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Symbols 
• TreeSiebold's beech
• FlowerLilium japonicum
• BirdCommon kingfisher
• StoneJade
Phone number025-552-1511
Address1-2-5 Ichinomiya, Itoigawa-shi, Niigata-ken 941-8501
WebsiteOfficial website
Hokuriku Expressway and Route 8 Oyashirazu coast

Itoigawa (糸魚川市, Itoigawa-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2018, the city had an estimated population of 43,192, and a population density of 58 persons per km². The total area of the city is 746.24 square kilometres (288.12 sq mi).[1]

Geography

Itoigawa is located in the far southwestern corner of Niigata Prefecture, bordered by the Sea of Japan to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the south, and Toyama Prefecture to the west. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Chūbu-Sangaku National Park or the Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park. Itoigawa is also famous for its jade which can be found on local beaches. Itoigawa also lends its name to the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line, a major fault that runs from Itoigawa, through Lake Suwa to the city of Shizuoka in Shizuoka Prefecture, forming the western border of the Fossa Magna.

Surrounding municipalities

Climate

Itoigawa has a Humid climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Itoigawa is 13.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2173 mm with September as the wettest month.The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.2 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.2 °C.[2]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Itoigawa has declined steadily over the past 40 years.

Census Year Population
1970 67,785
1980 61,488
1990 56,803
2000 53,021
2010 47,702

History

The area of present-day Itoigawa was part of ancient Echigo Province. Historically, Itoigawa lies at the end of the shio no michi (salt road) that supplied salt to from the Sea of Japan to Edo via Shinano Province. During the Edo period, Itoigawa was the castle town for Itoigawa Domain. After the Meiji restoration, with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889, Itoigawa became a town within Nishikubiki District, Niigata.

The modern city was created on June 1, 1954. On April 1, 2005, the towns of Nō and Ōmi (both from Nishikubiki District) were merged into Itoigawa.

Oldest known jadeite-using culture

A great many jadeite beads and axe heads as well as the remains of jadeite workshops from the Neolithic era have been uncovered in Itoigawa. These beads and axes were traded throughout Japan and the Korean Peninsula and were produced by the world's oldest known jadeite-using culture, centered on the Itoigawa region.[4][5]

Economy

Commercial fishing and the production of limestone and cement are the mainstays of the local economy.

Education

Itoigawa has seventeen public elementary schools and four public middle schools. There are three public high schools, and also two special education schools.

Transportation

Railway

– Hokuriku Shinkansen

JR West - Ōito Line

Echigo Tokimeki Railway - Nihonkai Hisui Line

Ainokaze Toyama Railway

Highway

Local attractions

  • The entire territory of Itoigawa is "Itoigawa Global Geopark" which is a member of the Japanese Geoparks Network and Global Geoparks Network on account of its outstanding geological heritage, educational programs and projects, and promotion of geotourism.[6]
  • The city is known for its distinctive black-colored yakisoba.[7]
  • Itoigawa is also known for its unique bugaku, a variety of traditional Japanese performance art. Itoigawa Bugaku can be seen at festivals taking place at Hakusan Shrine and Amatsu Shrine, and has been nationally designated as an Important Intangible Cultural Asset.

National Historic Sites

Notable people from Itoigawa

  • The poet Ryōkan (1758-1831) writes that Itoigawa is his former village.[8]

References

  1. ^ "Itoigawa official statistics". Itoigawa City. 29 September 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  2. ^ Itoigawa climate data
  3. ^ Itoigawa population statistics
  4. ^ Kijima, Tsutomu. "翡翠製大珠の加工と流通" (in Japanese).
  5. ^ "International Jomon Culture Conference Bulletin 1 2004 (English version)". Retrieved 2016-06-30.
  6. ^ Itoigawa Global Geopark
  7. ^ Trautlein, Steve, "The chow-down tour of Kanto's local dishes", Japan Times, 24 August 2012, p. 15
  8. ^ One Robe, One Bowl; the Zen poetry of Ryokan. transl. John Stevens. 9th Ed. John Weatherhill, Inc., Tokyo. 1988.
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