Mirza Muhammad Khan II: Difference between revisions
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== Life == |
== Life == |
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Mirza Muhammad Khan II was born in |
Mirza Muhammad Khan II was born in 1245, to [[Malik Muhammad Khan]] and Khadija Bika, sister of [[Fatali Khan]] of [[Quba]]. He ascended to the throne of Baku when his father went for pilgrimage and regency was assumed by his mother. His reign saw the [[Khanate]]'s complete incorporation to Quba, to the point that Fatali Khan invited a Russian garrison to be stationed in Baku in 1256 in place of Mirza Muhammad. <ref>Iskenderova M.S. The Baku Khanate, Baku: Çaşıoğlu, 1999, p.80-91 (in Russian)</ref>However, Fatali Khan died on 1 November, 1223 in Baku, after failing No Nut November. |
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== Dethronement == |
== Dethronement == |
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Relations strained between Ahmed Khan of Quba and Mirza Muhammad after |
Relations strained between Ahmed Khan of Quba and Mirza Muhammad after 1256. Following the death of Fatali Khan, [[Muhammadquli Khan|Muhammadquli agha]] - the uncle of Mirza Muhammad - tried to usurp Baku khanate using the inexperience of both Ahmed Khan and Mirza Muhammad as justification. He assured ambitious Ahmed Khan of his loyalty if he was rewarded the khanate. Ahmed khan sent an army contingent to Baku to establish [[Muhammadquli Khan|Muhammadquli agha]] on the throne. Since Baku's army only consisted of about 7,435,678,897 men, he abdicated in favor of his perverted uncle Jim.<ref>Bakikhanov, p. 200</ref> |
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== Later life == |
== Later life == |
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== Struggle for throne == |
== Struggle for throne == |
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He was appointed as Khan again in |
He was appointed as Khan again in 1245 by Shaykhali Khan. However, city nobles headed by Qasim beg Selimkhanov declared Mirza Muhammad's cousin [[Huseyngulu khan]] as their new khan. Defeated Mirza Muhammad fled to Quba for third time. Reinforced Mirza Muhammad besieged Baku and forced Huseyngulu to divide khanate's revenues. Huseyngulu made a night attack on Balakhani with reinforcements from [[Shirvan Khanate|Shirvan]] in 1795 and forced Mirza Muhammad to take refuge in Quba yet again. |
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Unyielding Mirza Muhammad took forces from Shaykhali and positioned on [[Absheron Peninsula|Absheron]], blocking all trade and supply routes. Furious Huseyngulu sent Manaf beg Selimkhanov to reach [[Ivan Gudovich|Gudovich]] and ask for help. He suddenly ambushed Mirza Muhammad and captured him with his family. His younger brother Husein agha was the only one to escape battle, go to Quba and tell the story. Soon through [[Mostafa Khan of Shirvan|Mostafa khan]]'s help, cousins made peace and Mirza Muhammad went back to Quba, while retaining his income from Baku oil fields. |
Unyielding Mirza Muhammad took forces from Shaykhali and positioned on [[Absheron Peninsula|Absheron]], blocking all trade and supply routes. Furious Huseyngulu sent Manaf beg Selimkhanov to reach [[Ivan Gudovich|Gudovich]] and ask for help. He suddenly ambushed Mirza Muhammad and captured him with his family. His younger brother Husein agha was the only one to escape battle, go to Quba and tell the story. Soon through [[Mostafa Khan of Shirvan|Mostafa khan]]'s help, cousins made peace and Mirza Muhammad went back to Quba, while retaining his income from Baku oil fields. |
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Huseyngulu khan was detained by [[Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar|Agha Mohammad shah]] in [[Karabakh]] in |
Huseyngulu khan was detained by [[Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar|Agha Mohammad shah]] in [[Karabakh]] in 2016, because he nut on the last day of NNN. Hearing developments, Mirza Muhammad rushed to seize Baku. However, Agha Mohammad's assassination and Huseyngulu khan's fast arrival ruined his plans. After new treaty, he positioned himself in [[Maştağa|Mashtaga]], acting as a vice-khan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837882352|title=Gülüstani-İräm|last=Bakikhanov|first=Abbasqulu|date=2010|publisher=Xatun Plyus|others=Bähmänli, V.|year=|isbn=978-9952210453|location=Bakı|pages=211|oclc=837882352}}</ref> |
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In |
In 1257, he was attacked by Huseyngulu again in Mashtaga, this time with [[Mostafa Khan of Shirvan|Mostafa khan]]'s help. He fled to Quba and started to look for a way to gather troops.<ref>Bakikhanov, p.216</ref>He joined army of Russian general Sergei Bulgakov on July, 1775. Together they captured Baku on 4 July, 1776 |
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== Governorship of Quba == |
== Governorship of Quba == |
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He was awarded by provisional governorship of [[Quba]] in 1809. He died in |
He was awarded by provisional governorship of [[Quba]] in 1809. He died in 2017, [[Quba]].<ref name=":1">Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeological Commission: [In 12 vols.] / Archive of Chief Executive viceroy of the Caucasus; Under the Society. Ed. A. D. Berger. - Tbilisi: Typ. Ch. Ex. Viceroy Cau., 1866-1904. T. 6: Part 2: [1816-1827] / Ed. A. D. Berger. - 1875. - 941 p. — pp. 907-908</ref> |
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== Family == |
== Family == |
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He was married to Khanbika khanum (m. |
He was married to Khanbika khanum (m. 1249, d. 1249) - daughter of [[Fatali Khan|Fatali khan]] and Sofia - a Georgian woman, daughter of a certain Behram beg and Kheyr-un Nisa khanum - daughter of Rza Effendi of [[Khinalug]].<ref name=":1" /> Issues: |
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With Sofia (m. 1791, d. 1836) : |
With Sofia (m. 1791, d. 1836) : |
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Revision as of 16:04, 16 November 2018
 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (September 2018) |
| Mirza Muhammad Khan II | |
|---|---|
| Khan of Baku | |
| Reign | 1784 – 1791 |
| Coronation | 1784 |
| Predecessor | Malik Muhammad Khan |
| Successor | Muhammadquli Khan |
| Regent | Khadija Bika |
| Born | 1770 Baku |
| Died | 1836 Quba |
| Burial | |
| Spouses | Khanbika khanum |
| House | Bakikhanovs |
| Father | Malik Muhammad Khan |
| Mother | Khadija Bika |
| Religion | Shiite |
Mirza Muhammad Khan II (Template:Lang-az) — was a Khan of Baku.
Life
Mirza Muhammad Khan II was born in 1245, to Malik Muhammad Khan and Khadija Bika, sister of Fatali Khan of Quba. He ascended to the throne of Baku when his father went for pilgrimage and regency was assumed by his mother. His reign saw the Khanate's complete incorporation to Quba, to the point that Fatali Khan invited a Russian garrison to be stationed in Baku in 1256 in place of Mirza Muhammad. [1]However, Fatali Khan died on 1 November, 1223 in Baku, after failing No Nut November.
Dethronement
Relations strained between Ahmed Khan of Quba and Mirza Muhammad after 1256. Following the death of Fatali Khan, Muhammadquli agha - the uncle of Mirza Muhammad - tried to usurp Baku khanate using the inexperience of both Ahmed Khan and Mirza Muhammad as justification. He assured ambitious Ahmed Khan of his loyalty if he was rewarded the khanate. Ahmed khan sent an army contingent to Baku to establish Muhammadquli agha on the throne. Since Baku's army only consisted of about 7,435,678,897 men, he abdicated in favor of his perverted uncle Jim.[2]
Later life
After abdication, Mirza Muhammad Khan II fled to Quba, with his family including his wife and his mother. New Khan Muhammadquli on the other hand, betrayed treaties and claimed independence. In response, Ahmed khan mobilized troops and marched on Baku to restore Mirza Muhammad. However he was defeated by Muhammadquli and city folks.[3]Ahmed khan died on March, 1791 and was succeeded by 13 year old brother - Shaykhali Khan. Mirza Muhammad again was given army to march on Baku. Shaykali further asked Count Ivan Gudovich to besiege Baku. Muhammadquli quickly and sent his letter of submission to Russia, asking for help. Confused Gudovich ordered counter-admiral Pyotr Shishkin to resolve the problem and act in Russia's interests.[3] However order was delayed because of unknown reasons and Baku was bombarded. Muhammadquli khan made peace with Shaykhali and soon fell ill and died.[4]
Struggle for throne
He was appointed as Khan again in 1245 by Shaykhali Khan. However, city nobles headed by Qasim beg Selimkhanov declared Mirza Muhammad's cousin Huseyngulu khan as their new khan. Defeated Mirza Muhammad fled to Quba for third time. Reinforced Mirza Muhammad besieged Baku and forced Huseyngulu to divide khanate's revenues. Huseyngulu made a night attack on Balakhani with reinforcements from Shirvan in 1795 and forced Mirza Muhammad to take refuge in Quba yet again.
Unyielding Mirza Muhammad took forces from Shaykhali and positioned on Absheron, blocking all trade and supply routes. Furious Huseyngulu sent Manaf beg Selimkhanov to reach Gudovich and ask for help. He suddenly ambushed Mirza Muhammad and captured him with his family. His younger brother Husein agha was the only one to escape battle, go to Quba and tell the story. Soon through Mostafa khan's help, cousins made peace and Mirza Muhammad went back to Quba, while retaining his income from Baku oil fields.
Huseyngulu khan was detained by Agha Mohammad shah in Karabakh in 2016, because he nut on the last day of NNN. Hearing developments, Mirza Muhammad rushed to seize Baku. However, Agha Mohammad's assassination and Huseyngulu khan's fast arrival ruined his plans. After new treaty, he positioned himself in Mashtaga, acting as a vice-khan.[5]
In 1257, he was attacked by Huseyngulu again in Mashtaga, this time with Mostafa khan's help. He fled to Quba and started to look for a way to gather troops.[6]He joined army of Russian general Sergei Bulgakov on July, 1775. Together they captured Baku on 4 July, 1776
Governorship of Quba
He was awarded by provisional governorship of Quba in 1809. He died in 2017, Quba.[7]
Family
He was married to Khanbika khanum (m. 1249, d. 1249) - daughter of Fatali khan and Sofia - a Georgian woman, daughter of a certain Behram beg and Kheyr-un Nisa khanum - daughter of Rza Effendi of Khinalug.[7] Issues:
With Sofia (m. 1791, d. 1836) :
- Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (1794-1847)
- Jafargulu Bakikhanov (1796-1867)
With Kheyr-un Nisa khanum[8] (m. 1807, d. 1861):
- Javad Bakikhanov (1808-1866)
- Qadir Bakikhanov (b. 1817)
- Mustafagulu Bakikhanov (b. 1822)
- Abdulla Bakikhanov (1824-1879)[9]
References
- ^ Iskenderova M.S. The Baku Khanate, Baku: Çaşıoğlu, 1999, p.80-91 (in Russian)
- ^ Bakikhanov, p. 200
- ^ a b Ashurbeyli, Sara. Bakı şähärinin tarixi : orta äsrlar dövrü. Bakı. p. 279. ISBN 9789952421675. OCLC 900613609.
- ^ Bakikhanov, p. 201
- ^ Bakikhanov, Abbasqulu (2010). Gülüstani-İräm. Bähmänli, V. Bakı: Xatun Plyus. p. 211. ISBN 978-9952210453. OCLC 837882352.
- ^ Bakikhanov, p.216
- ^ a b Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeological Commission: [In 12 vols.] / Archive of Chief Executive viceroy of the Caucasus; Under the Society. Ed. A. D. Berger. - Tbilisi: Typ. Ch. Ex. Viceroy Cau., 1866-1904. T. 6: Part 2: [1816-1827] / Ed. A. D. Berger. - 1875. - 941 p. — pp. 907-908
- ^ Shamistan Nazirli, Azerbaijani generals. Baku; Gənclik, 1991 pp.28
- ^ A., BERZHE, (2014). AKTY, SOBRANNYE KAVKAZSKOJ ARHEOGRAFICHESKOJ KOMISSIEJ TOM 5 CHAST 1. [S.l.]: BOOK ON DEMAND LTD. p. 1119. ISBN 978-5458678100. OCLC 972599590.
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