Global Compact for Migration: Difference between revisions
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The Chancellor of Austria, [[Sebastian Kurz]], stated that the compact would reduce Austria's sovereignty and mix up the difference between illegal and legal immigration as well as that between [[Economic migrant|economic]] and humanitarian immigration.<ref name="APA">{{cite web |url=https://www.apa.at/Site/News.de.html?id=6245223664 |title=Österreich zieht sich aus globalem UNO-Migrationspakt zurück |last= |first= |date=31 October 2018 |website=apa.at |publisher=[[Austria Presse Agentur]]| language = German |access-date=31 October 2018 |quote=}}</ref> Prime Minister of Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] commented tersely: "We have a duty to protect our borders against illegal infiltrators. That’s what we’ve done, and that’s what we will continue to do".<ref name="toi" /> Slovak foreign minister [[Miroslav Lajčák]] had previously announced that he would step down from his position if the Slovak parliament, controlled by the coalition which he represented, were to reject the Compact.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dennikn.sk/1300587/zavali-nas-utecencami-vsetko-o-globalnom-pakte-o-migracii-s-porozumenim/ref=tit1 |title=Všetko o globálnom pakte o migrácii, pre ktorý Lajčák hrozí demisiou |last=Tóda |first=Mirek |date=19 November 2018 |website=dennikn.sk |publisher=[[Denník N]] |access-date=2018-11-20 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Slovak FM will step down if UN global migration compact is rejected |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-11/21/c_137620368.htm |accessdate=20 November 2018 |agency=Xinhua |date=21 November 2018}}</ref> |
The Chancellor of Austria, [[Sebastian Kurz]], stated that the compact would reduce Austria's sovereignty and mix up the difference between illegal and legal immigration as well as that between [[Economic migrant|economic]] and humanitarian immigration.<ref name="APA">{{cite web |url=https://www.apa.at/Site/News.de.html?id=6245223664 |title=Österreich zieht sich aus globalem UNO-Migrationspakt zurück |last= |first= |date=31 October 2018 |website=apa.at |publisher=[[Austria Presse Agentur]]| language = German |access-date=31 October 2018 |quote=}}</ref> Prime Minister of Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] commented tersely: "We have a duty to protect our borders against illegal infiltrators. That’s what we’ve done, and that’s what we will continue to do".<ref name="toi" /> Slovak foreign minister [[Miroslav Lajčák]] had previously announced that he would step down from his position if the Slovak parliament, controlled by the coalition which he represented, were to reject the Compact.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dennikn.sk/1300587/zavali-nas-utecencami-vsetko-o-globalnom-pakte-o-migracii-s-porozumenim/ref=tit1 |title=Všetko o globálnom pakte o migrácii, pre ktorý Lajčák hrozí demisiou |last=Tóda |first=Mirek |date=19 November 2018 |website=dennikn.sk |publisher=[[Denník N]] |access-date=2018-11-20 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Slovak FM will step down if UN global migration compact is rejected |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-11/21/c_137620368.htm |accessdate=20 November 2018 |agency=Xinhua |date=21 November 2018}}</ref> |
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On the 28 November 2018, the Romanian Foreign Minister has been authorized by the Romanian president, [Klaus Iohannis], to sign the Migration Pact. Sources say that negotiations |
On the 28 November 2018, the Romanian Foreign Minister has been authorized by the Romanian president, [Klaus Iohannis], to sign the Migration Pact. Sources say that negotiations were carried out secretly for a long time before news broke to the public. <ref>{{cite news |title=Președintele Iohannis a aprobat propunerea Guvernului pentru susținerea de către România a pactului ONU pentru migrație |url=https://www.b1.ro/stiri/politica/presedintele-iohannis-a-aprobat-propunerea-guvernului-pentru-sustinerea-de-catre-romania-a-pactul-onu-pentru-migratie-251247.html |accessdate=29-Nov-2018 |agency=B1.ro |publisher=B1.ro |date=28-Nov-2018}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last1=Lungu |first1=Vasile-Cristian |title=Pactul Global pentru Migraţie sau cum să anulezi Constituţia României |url=https://adevarul.ro/news/societate/pactul-global-migratie-anulezi-constitutia-romaniei-1_5bfe55badf52022f75e26bc1/index.html |accessdate=29-nov-2018 |agency=adevarul.ro |publisher=adevarul.ro & V.C. Lungu |date=28-nov-2018}}</ref> |
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There has also been some opposition in the German parliament, led by [[Alternative for Germany]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Ben |title=German parliament rows over UN Migration Compact |url=https://www.dw.com/en/german-parliament-rows-over-un-migration-compact/a-46213002 |date=8 November 2018}}</ref> In [[Finland]], the opposition [[Finns Party]] opposes the treaty and demands a vote in parliament.<ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/perussuomalaiset-kyselytunnilla-gcm-siirtolaissopimus-tuotava-eduskunnan-paatettavaksi/</ref> The provisions disputed by the Finns in parliament are that both legal and illegal immigrants would be bestowed many of the same rights such as rights to basic services, that the treaty would not allow categorical detention of illegal immigrants,<ref>https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/a3405347-bf8f-458f-a25a-d64f80068569</ref> and that the treaty would make migration a human right.<ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/poliittinen-suunnittelija-purra-gcm-sopimus-tulee-varmasti-vaikuttamaan-suomen-maahanmuuttopolitiikkaan/</ref><ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/asiantuntija-yk-ajaa-gcm-sopimuksella-eteenpain-radikaalia-ajatusta-siita-etta-siirtolaisuus-on-ihmisoikeus/</ref> |
There has also been some opposition in the German parliament, led by [[Alternative for Germany]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Ben |title=German parliament rows over UN Migration Compact |url=https://www.dw.com/en/german-parliament-rows-over-un-migration-compact/a-46213002 |date=8 November 2018}}</ref> In [[Finland]], the opposition [[Finns Party]] opposes the treaty and demands a vote in parliament.<ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/perussuomalaiset-kyselytunnilla-gcm-siirtolaissopimus-tuotava-eduskunnan-paatettavaksi/</ref> The provisions disputed by the Finns in parliament are that both legal and illegal immigrants would be bestowed many of the same rights such as rights to basic services, that the treaty would not allow categorical detention of illegal immigrants,<ref>https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/a3405347-bf8f-458f-a25a-d64f80068569</ref> and that the treaty would make migration a human right.<ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/poliittinen-suunnittelija-purra-gcm-sopimus-tulee-varmasti-vaikuttamaan-suomen-maahanmuuttopolitiikkaan/</ref><ref>https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/asiantuntija-yk-ajaa-gcm-sopimuksella-eteenpain-radikaalia-ajatusta-siita-etta-siirtolaisuus-on-ihmisoikeus/</ref> |
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Revision as of 10:54, 2 December 2018
The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) is a politically binding "intergovernmentally negotiated agreement, prepared under the auspices of the United Nations, [that covers] all dimensions of international migration in a holistic and comprehensive manner".[1] The United Nations conference to adopt the compact will be held in Marrakesh, Morocco, on 10–11 December 2018.[1] Austria negotiated the GCM on behalf of the EU. The Global Compact is not an international treaty, and it will not be formally binding under international law.[2]
Background
In September 2016, the nations of the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the New York Declaration. The Declaration recognized a need for more cooperation between nations to manage migration effectively.[3]. The declaration set off a process leading to the negotiation of the Global Compact for Migration.
Substance of the agreement
There are 23 objectives listed in the draft agreement. These include collecting and using accurate and anonymized data to develop evidence-based migration policy, ensuring that all migrants have proof of identity, enhancing availability and flexibility for regular migration, encouraging cooperation for tracking missing migrants and saving lives, ensuring migrants can access basic services, and making provisions for both full inclusion of migrants and social cohesion.[4]
Reactions
Austria,[5] Australia,[6] Bulgaria,[7], Croatia[8], the Czech Republic,[9] Hungary, Italy,[10] Israel,[11][12] Poland,[13], Slovakia[14] and Switzerland[15] won’t attend an international conference in Moroccan city of Marrakesh to sign the agreement. The United States did not participate in the negotiation of the agreement, at the behest of President Trump.[5]
The Chancellor of Austria, Sebastian Kurz, stated that the compact would reduce Austria's sovereignty and mix up the difference between illegal and legal immigration as well as that between economic and humanitarian immigration.[5] Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu commented tersely: "We have a duty to protect our borders against illegal infiltrators. That’s what we’ve done, and that’s what we will continue to do".[12] Slovak foreign minister Miroslav Lajčák had previously announced that he would step down from his position if the Slovak parliament, controlled by the coalition which he represented, were to reject the Compact.[16][17]
On the 28 November 2018, the Romanian Foreign Minister has been authorized by the Romanian president, [Klaus Iohannis], to sign the Migration Pact. Sources say that negotiations were carried out secretly for a long time before news broke to the public. [18] [19]
There has also been some opposition in the German parliament, led by Alternative for Germany.[20] In Finland, the opposition Finns Party opposes the treaty and demands a vote in parliament.[21] The provisions disputed by the Finns in parliament are that both legal and illegal immigrants would be bestowed many of the same rights such as rights to basic services, that the treaty would not allow categorical detention of illegal immigrants,[22] and that the treaty would make migration a human right.[23][24] The Government of Estonia remained divided on the issue[25] and the country's position was to be decided by the Riigikogu.[26] On November 26, Riigikogu passed a declaration which supported the compact. According to the Estonian Prime Minister, the declaration would provide the basis for the Governments decision to support the Global Compact for Migration.[27] Switzerland will not attend the conference for the formal adoption of the framework in December 2018. The decision was made because the parliament demanded a final say on whether the country would approve the compact, which would require more time.[28] On 27 November, the Danish Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen stated that he was supportive of the agreement, but that his government would form a coalition of European countries to create an opt-out.[29]
See also
- United Nations Global Compact: similarly named instrument dealing with corporate social responsibility.
References
- ^ a b "Compact for migration". Refugees and Migrants. 2017-04-05. Retrieved 2018-07-16.
- ^ Peters, Anne (21 November 2018). "The Global Compact for Migration: to sign or not to sign?". EJIL:Talk!.
- ^ https://www.iom.int/global-compact-migration
- ^ "Government won't commit to pulling out of controversial UN migration agreement". Refugees and Migrants. 2018-12-01. Retrieved 2018-12-01.
- ^ a b c "Österreich zieht sich aus globalem UNO-Migrationspakt zurück". apa.at (in German). Austria Presse Agentur. 31 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
- ^ Dutton says Australia won't 'surrender our sovereignty' by signing UN migration deal
- ^ Цветан Цветанов: България няма да се присъединява към пакта за миграция на ООН
- ^ The EpochTimes:</Croatia says it will not sign UN Global Migration Pact]
- ^ Reuters: Czechs join other EU states rejecting U.N. migration pact
- ^ FAZ.net: Salvini „absolut gegen“ UN-Migrationspakt (german)
- ^ Jerusalem Post: Israel jouns US and European countries in pulling out of migration pact
- ^ a b https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-wont-sign-global-migration-pact-netanyahu-announces/
- ^ Szef MSWiA na spotkaniu ministrów Grupy G6 w Lyonie
- ^ https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-un-migrants-slovakia/slovakia-will-not-support-u-n-migration-pact-prime-minister-idUKKCN1NU0JA
- ^ https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/wait-and-see_swiss-delay-decision-on-un-migration-pact/44561506
- ^ Tóda, Mirek (19 November 2018). "Všetko o globálnom pakte o migrácii, pre ktorý Lajčák hrozí demisiou". dennikn.sk. Denník N. Retrieved 2018-11-20.
- ^ "Slovak FM will step down if UN global migration compact is rejected". Xinhua. 21 November 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
- ^ "Președintele Iohannis a aprobat propunerea Guvernului pentru susținerea de către România a pactului ONU pentru migrație". B1.ro. B1.ro. 28-Nov-2018. Retrieved 29-Nov-2018.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=and|date=(help) - ^ Lungu, Vasile-Cristian (28-nov-2018). "Pactul Global pentru Migraţie sau cum să anulezi Constituţia României". adevarul.ro & V.C. Lungu. adevarul.ro. Retrieved 29-nov-2018.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=and|date=(help) - ^ Knight, Ben (8 November 2018). "German parliament rows over UN Migration Compact".
- ^ https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/perussuomalaiset-kyselytunnilla-gcm-siirtolaissopimus-tuotava-eduskunnan-paatettavaksi/
- ^ https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/a3405347-bf8f-458f-a25a-d64f80068569
- ^ https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/poliittinen-suunnittelija-purra-gcm-sopimus-tulee-varmasti-vaikuttamaan-suomen-maahanmuuttopolitiikkaan/
- ^ https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/asiantuntija-yk-ajaa-gcm-sopimuksella-eteenpain-radikaalia-ajatusta-siita-etta-siirtolaisuus-on-ihmisoikeus/
- ^ Ott Ummelas, Dispute Over Migration Sends Estonian Government Into Crisis, Bloomberg News (November 16, 2018)
- ^ Vahtla, Aili (19 November 2018). "To solve government crisis, let Riigikogu decide on UN compact, says SDE". news.err.ee. ERR.
- ^ "Ratas: lähtume ÜRO ränderaamistiku toetamisel riigikogu tänasest avaldusest" (in Estonian). 26 November 2018.
- ^ "Swiss backtrack on support for UN migration pact". 21 November 2018.
- ^ "Løkke hælder DF af brættet: Forsvarer omstridt FN-pagt" (in Danish). Jyllandsposten. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
External links
- "Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration; Final Draft" (PDF). United Nations. 11 July 2018.
- Global Compact for Migration on International Organization for Migration website
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