Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles: Difference between revisions
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{{Expand French|Institut national des jeunes aveugles|date=January 2011}} |
{{Expand French|Institut national des jeunes aveugles|date=January 2011}} |
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'''Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles''', (''National Institute for Blind Children'' or ''Royal Institution for Blind Youth''), in |
'''Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles''', (''National Institute for Blind Children'' or ''Royal Institution for Blind Youth''), in Paris, was the first [[special school]] for blind students in the world, and served as a model for many subsequent schools for blind students. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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In 1784, [[Valentin Haüy]] undertook to teach François Lesueur to read, with the help of the ''[[:fr:Société philanthropique|Société philanthropique]]''. It enabled him to prove the efficiency of his method. In 1785, he founded, on his own funds, what was then called the Institute for Blind Youth (''Institution des jeunes aveugles''), in Coquillère street. In 1786, this school move to a building in Notre-Dame-des-Victoires street, rented by the ''Société philantropique'', a group of benefactors. On December |
In 1784, [[Valentin Haüy]] undertook to teach François Lesueur to read, with the help of the ''[[:fr:Société philanthropique|Société philanthropique]]''. It enabled him to prove the efficiency of his method. In 1785, he founded, on his own funds, what was then called the Institute for Blind Youth (''Institution des jeunes aveugles''), in Coquillère street. In 1786, this school move to a building in Notre-Dame-des-Victoires street, rented by the ''Société philantropique'', a group of benefactors. On December 26, Haüy presents his methods and some of his pupils to [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]]. He then receives royal funding for 120 pupils, and the school is renamed '''Institution Royale des Jeunes Aveugles'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://camillesourget.com/en-12022-revolutionary-method-to-educate-the-blind-by-hauy.html|title=HAÜY, Valentin Essai sur l’éducation des aveugles, ... " The first printed book ...|website=Librairie Camille Sourget|language=fr|access-date=October 18, 2017}}</ref> |
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In |
In 1791, during the French Revolution, it became the '''Institution nationale des jeunes aveugles''' (National Institute for the Young Blinds), and moved to the [[Couvent des Célestins]]. From 1800 to 1815, the school is merged with the [[Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital|Quinze-Vingts]] Hospital, and renamed '''Institut national des aveugles travailleurs''' (National Institute of the working blinds). |
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It was not until the late 18th century that society began to take an interest in the education of the blind. Until that time they were considered mostly uneducable and untrainable. One of the major figures in the movement to educate the blind was [[Sébastien Guillié]]. He established the first [[ophthalmology|ophthalmological]] clinic in France and became director of the school in Paris. |
It was not until the late 18th century that society began to take an interest in the education of the blind. Until that time they were considered mostly uneducable and untrainable. One of the major figures in the movement to educate the blind was [[Sébastien Guillié]]. He established the first [[ophthalmology|ophthalmological]] clinic in France and became director of the school in Paris. |
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In 1816, the school moved into a former prison that was used during the French Revolution. Although it was better than its previous location, the building was cold, poorly lit, and unsanitary.<ref>{{cite web|title=Arrival at the Institute for Blind Youth|url=http://www.afb.org/louisbraillemuseum/braillegallery.asp?FrameID=179|website= |
In 1816, the school moved into a former prison that was used during the French Revolution. Although it was better than its previous location, the building was cold, poorly lit, and unsanitary.<ref>{{cite web|title=Arrival at the Institute for Blind Youth|url=http://www.afb.org/louisbraillemuseum/braillegallery.asp?FrameID=179|website=''afb.org''|accessdate=August 22, 2015}}</ref> [[Louis Braille]], the inventor of the [[braille]] system, attended the school in 1819 and later taught there. At the time Braille attended, students bathed just once a month (there was only one bathroom), the meals were of poor quality, and strict rules brought harsh punishments. But many different subjects, like grammar, music, history, and science, were taught there. |
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In 1843, the institute moved into a new, bigger building. |
In 1843, the institute moved into a new, bigger building. |
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==Organ class== |
==Organ class== |
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The first organ class for blind students was established at the institute in 1826, and, by 1833, fourteen blind students held organist positions in the churches of Paris. The institute continued to produce a number of successful organists, such as [[André Marchal]], [[Jean Langlais]], and [[Gaston Litaize]].<ref>Jean Langlais: The Man and his Music, Ann Labounsky 2000, pages |
The first organ class for blind students was established at the institute in 1826, and, by 1833, fourteen blind students held organist positions in the churches of Paris. The institute continued to produce a number of successful organists, such as [[André Marchal]], [[Jean Langlais]], and [[Gaston Litaize]].<ref>Jean Langlais: The Man and his Music, Ann Labounsky 2000, pages 30–47</ref> |
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==Effect on other schools== |
==Effect on other schools== |
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Revision as of 01:58, 18 January 2019
| Institut national des jeunes aveugles | |
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boulevard des Invalides, 56 Paris , 75007 France | |
| Information | |
| Established | 1785 |
| Website | http://www.inja.fr/ |
 | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (January 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles, (National Institute for Blind Children or Royal Institution for Blind Youth), in Paris, was the first special school for blind students in the world, and served as a model for many subsequent schools for blind students.
History
In 1784, Valentin Haüy undertook to teach François Lesueur to read, with the help of the Société philanthropique. It enabled him to prove the efficiency of his method. In 1785, he founded, on his own funds, what was then called the Institute for Blind Youth (Institution des jeunes aveugles), in Coquillère street. In 1786, this school move to a building in Notre-Dame-des-Victoires street, rented by the Société philantropique, a group of benefactors. On December 26, Haüy presents his methods and some of his pupils to Louis XVI. He then receives royal funding for 120 pupils, and the school is renamed Institution Royale des Jeunes Aveugles.[1]
In 1791, during the French Revolution, it became the Institution nationale des jeunes aveugles (National Institute for the Young Blinds), and moved to the Couvent des Célestins. From 1800 to 1815, the school is merged with the Quinze-Vingts Hospital, and renamed Institut national des aveugles travailleurs (National Institute of the working blinds).
It was not until the late 18th century that society began to take an interest in the education of the blind. Until that time they were considered mostly uneducable and untrainable. One of the major figures in the movement to educate the blind was Sébastien Guillié. He established the first ophthalmological clinic in France and became director of the school in Paris.
In 1816, the school moved into a former prison that was used during the French Revolution. Although it was better than its previous location, the building was cold, poorly lit, and unsanitary.[2] Louis Braille, the inventor of the braille system, attended the school in 1819 and later taught there. At the time Braille attended, students bathed just once a month (there was only one bathroom), the meals were of poor quality, and strict rules brought harsh punishments. But many different subjects, like grammar, music, history, and science, were taught there.
In 1843, the institute moved into a new, bigger building.
Organ class
The first organ class for blind students was established at the institute in 1826, and, by 1833, fourteen blind students held organist positions in the churches of Paris. The institute continued to produce a number of successful organists, such as André Marchal, Jean Langlais, and Gaston Litaize.[3]
Effect on other schools
Perkins School for the Blind, attended by the famed American deafblind woman Helen Keller, was founded after Samuel Gridley Howe visited the INJA.
References
- ^ "HAÜY, Valentin Essai sur l'éducation des aveugles, ... " The first printed book ..." Librairie Camille Sourget (in French). Retrieved October 18, 2017.
- ^ "Arrival at the Institute for Blind Youth". afb.org. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|website=(help) - ^ Jean Langlais: The Man and his Music, Ann Labounsky 2000, pages 30–47
Further reading
- Louis Braille: A Touch of Genius, C. Michael Mellor, National Braille Press, 2006. Includes sections on Valentin Haüy, Institution Royale des Jeunes Aveugles, Sébastien Guillié, and of course Louis Braille.
External links
- L'Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles (in French)
- History of INJA (in French)