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Revision as of 20:02, 21 January 2019
The term megadiverse country refers to any one of a group of nations that harbor the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 18 megadiverse countries in 1998.[1][2] Many of them are located in, or partially in, tropical or subtropical regions.
Mega diversity means exhibiting great diversity. The main criteria for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.
In 2002, Mexico formed a separate organisation focusing on Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries, consisting of countries rich in biological diversity and associated traditional knowledge. This organisation does not include all the megadiverse countries as identified by Conservation International.[3]
List of megadiverse countries
In alphabetical order, the 19 megadiverse countries are:[1]
Australia
Brazil
China
Colombia
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ecuador
India
Indonesia
Madagascar
Malaysia
Mexico
Papua New Guinea
Peru
Philippines
South Africa
United States
Venezuela
Cancún initiative and declaration of like-minded megadiverse countries
On 18 February 2002, the Ministers in charge of the Environment and the Delegates of Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, South Africa and Venezuela assembled in Cancún, Mexico. These countries declared to set up a Group of Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries as a mechanism for consultation and cooperation so that their interests and priorities, related to the preservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, could be promoted. They also declared that they would call on those countries that had not become Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, and the Kyoto Protocol on climate change to become parties to these agreements.
At the same time, they agreed to meet periodically, at the ministerial and expert levels, and decided that upon the conclusion of each annual Ministerial Meeting, the next rotating host country would take on the role of Secretary of the group, to ensure its continuity, the further development of cooperation among these countries, and to reach the various agreements and objectives.[4] Later, in 2010, Guatemala and Iran were also included in the list.[5]
List of current member countries
The current member countries of the Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries organisation are as follows, in alphabetical order:[6]
Bolivia- Brazil
- China
- Colombia
Costa Rica- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Ecuador
Ethiopia
Guatemala- India
- Indonesia
Iran
Kenya- Madagascar
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Peru
- Philippines
- South Africa
- Venezuela
See also
References
- ^ a b http://www.environment.gov.au/soe/2001/publications/theme-reports/biodiversity/biodiversity01-3.html Archived 2008-12-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Megadiverse Countries definition- Biodiversity A-Z".
- ^ "Biodiversity, Australia State of the Environment Report 2001 (Theme Report): The meaning, significance and implications of biodiversity (Megadiverse countries)". 2014-12-11. Retrieved 2018-07-02.
- ^ "UNIDO – United Nations Industrial Development Organization".
- ^ CONABIO. "Plataforma de monitoreo de las actividades de implementación de la Estratgeia Nacional sobre Especies Invasoras (Previene) – Biodiversidad Mexicana – Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad".
- ^ "LIKE MINDED MEGADIVERSE COUNTRIES" (PDF). Retrieved Jul 26, 2018.
External links
Works related to Declaration of Cancún (Spanish) at Wikisource
