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==Design and development== |
==Design and development== |
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In 1944, the U.S. [[United States Department of War|War Department]] was aware of aviation advances in Germany and issued a requirement for a range of designs for medium bombers weighing from |
In 1944, the U.S. [[United States Department of War|War Department]] was aware of aviation advances in Germany and issued a requirement for a range of designs for medium bombers weighing from {{convert|80000|lb|||}} to more than {{convert|200000|lb|||}}. Other designs resulting from this competition, sometimes nicknamed "The Class of {{'}}45", included the [[North American XB-45]] and the [[Convair XB-46]]. Production orders finally went to the [[North American B-45 Tornado]], and even this airplane served only for a couple of years before again being replaced by the much more modern [[Boeing B-47 Stratojet]], although the B-45 had inherent performance – especially if it was not burdened with a payload – for it to then serve as a reconnaissance aircraft. |
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In retrospect, all of the bombers comprising the Class of '45 were transitional aircraft, which combined the power of turbojets with the aeronautical knowledge of [[World War II]]. The XB-48 was no exception, as its round fuselage and unswept wings showed a distinct influence of Martin's [[Martin B-26 Marauder|B-26 Marauder]] medium bomber. Still, where the B-26 had enough thrust with two massive 18-cylinder [[radial engines]], the XB-48 needed no less than six of the new jet engines. |
In retrospect, all of the bombers comprising the Class of '45 were transitional aircraft, which combined the power of turbojets with the aeronautical knowledge of [[World War II]]. The XB-48 was no exception, as its round fuselage and unswept wings showed a distinct influence of Martin's [[Martin B-26 Marauder|B-26 Marauder]] medium bomber. Still, where the B-26 had enough thrust with two massive 18-cylinder [[radial engines]], the XB-48 needed no less than six of the new jet engines. |
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Revision as of 08:40, 10 March 2019
| XB-48 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Bomber |
| Manufacturer | Glenn L. Martin Company |
| First flight | 22 June 1947 |
| Status | Canceled in 1948 |
| Number built | 2 |
The Martin XB-48 was an American medium jet bomber developed in the mid-1940s. It competed with the Boeing B-47 Stratojet, which proved to be a superior design, and was largely considered as a backup plan in case the B-47 ran into development problems. It never saw production or active duty, and only two prototypes, serial numbers 45-59585 and 45-59586,[1] were built.
Design and development
In 1944, the U.S. War Department was aware of aviation advances in Germany and issued a requirement for a range of designs for medium bombers weighing from 80,000 pounds (36,000 kg) to more than 200,000 pounds (91,000 kg). Other designs resulting from this competition, sometimes nicknamed "The Class of '45", included the North American XB-45 and the Convair XB-46. Production orders finally went to the North American B-45 Tornado, and even this airplane served only for a couple of years before again being replaced by the much more modern Boeing B-47 Stratojet, although the B-45 had inherent performance – especially if it was not burdened with a payload – for it to then serve as a reconnaissance aircraft.
In retrospect, all of the bombers comprising the Class of '45 were transitional aircraft, which combined the power of turbojets with the aeronautical knowledge of World War II. The XB-48 was no exception, as its round fuselage and unswept wings showed a distinct influence of Martin's B-26 Marauder medium bomber. Still, where the B-26 had enough thrust with two massive 18-cylinder radial engines, the XB-48 needed no less than six of the new jet engines.
At the time of the XB-48's design, jet propulsion was still in its infancy. And, although it appeared superficially to have six separate engine nacelles – that is, three under each wing – the XB-48 actually had only two, unusually wide, three-engined nacelles. Each of these large nacelles also contained an intricate set of air ducts that constituted the engines' cooling system.
The XB-48 was the first aircraft designed with bicycle-type tandem landing gear, which had previously been tested on a modified B-26. The wing airfoil was too thin to house conventional landing gear mechanisms.[2] The main landing gear was in the fuselage and small outriggers located on each wing were used to balance the aircraft.
Operational history
The XB-48 made its first flight on 22 June 1947, a 37-minute, 73 mi (117 km) hop from Martin's Baltimore, Maryland plant to NAS Patuxent River, Maryland, but blew all four tires on its fore-and-aft mounted undercarriage on landing when pilot Pat Tibbs applied heavy pressure to the specially-designed, but very slow to respond, insensitive air-braking lever. Tibbs and co-pilot Dutch Gelvin were uninjured.[3]
Specifications (XB-48)
Data from "Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems, Volume II"[4]
General characteristics
- Crew: three (pilot, co-pilot, and bomber-navigator)
Performance
Armament
- Guns: 2 × .50 in (12.7 mm) M-2 machine guns in tail turret (proposed)[2]
- Bombs: 1 × 20,000 lb (9,980 kg) or 36 × 250 lb (113 kg)
See also
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
- Boeing B-47 Stratojet
- Convair XB-46
- English Electric Canberra
- Ilyushin Il-22
- Ilyushin Il-28
- North American B-45 Tornado
Related lists
References
Notes
- ^ "Fact Sheet: Martin XB-48." Archived 2007-06-29 at the Wayback Machine National Museum of the United States Air Force. Retrieved: 5 July 2010.
- ^ a b Jones 1969
- ^ Mizrahi 1999, pp. 50–52.
- ^ Knaack, Marcelle Size. Encyclopedia of U.S. Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems: Volume II: Post-World War II Bombers, 1945–1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History, 1988. ISBN 0-16-002260-6.
Bibliography
- Jones, Lloyd S. U.S. Bombers, B-1 1928 to B-1 1980s. Fallbrook, CA: Aero Publishers, 1962, second edition 1974. ISBN 0-8168-9126-5.
- Mizrahi, Joe. "The Last Great Bomber Fly Off". Wings, Volume 29, Number 3, June 1999.
External links
