Vaishya: Difference between revisions
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==Modern communities== |
==Modern communities== |
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The Vaishya community consist of several [[jāti]] or subcastes, including but not limited to the [[Agrahari]],<ref>{{cite book |title = People of India: Uttar Pradesh , Volume 42, Part ?|editor-first=Kumar Suresh |editor-last=Singh |first1=Amir |last1=Hasan |first2=Baqr Raza |last2=Rizvi |first3=J. C. |last3=Das |editor-link = Kumar Suresh Singh |publisher = Anthropological Survey of India |year = 2005 |isbn = 978-81-73041-14-3 |page = 66 }}</ref> [[Agrawal]]s,<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Singh |editor-first = Kumar Suresh |editor-link=Kumar Suresh Singh |first1= B. V. |last1=Bhanu |first2=V. S. |last2=Kulkarni |title=People of India: Maharashtra, Part One |volume=XXX |year=2004 |publisher=Popular Prakashan, for [[Anthropological Survey of India]] |location=Mumbai |oclc=58037479 |isbn=81-7991-100-4 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=DEAlCTxJowUC&pg=PA46 |accessdate=25 April 2012 |page=46}}</ref> [[Barnwal]]s, [[Gahoi]]s, [[Kasuadhan]]s, [[Khandelwal Vaishya|Khandelwal]]s, [[Lohana]]s, [[Maheshwari]]s, [[Oswal]]s, the [[Arya Vaishyas]], the [[Vaishya Vani]]s of Konkan and Goa, and the [[Modh]] of the west.{{cn|date=December 2017}} |
The Vaishya community consist of several [[jāti]] or subcastes, including but not limited to the [[Agrahari]],<ref>{{cite book |title = People of India: Uttar Pradesh , Volume 42, Part ?|editor-first=Kumar Suresh |editor-last=Singh |first1=Amir |last1=Hasan |first2=Baqr Raza |last2=Rizvi |first3=J. C. |last3=Das |editor-link = Kumar Suresh Singh |publisher = Anthropological Survey of India |year = 2005 |isbn = 978-81-73041-14-3 |page = 66 }}</ref> [[Agrawal]]s,<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Singh |editor-first = Kumar Suresh |editor-link=Kumar Suresh Singh |first1= B. V. |last1=Bhanu |first2=V. S. |last2=Kulkarni |title=People of India: Maharashtra, Part One |volume=XXX |year=2004 |publisher=Popular Prakashan, for [[Anthropological Survey of India]] |location=Mumbai |oclc=58037479 |isbn=81-7991-100-4 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=DEAlCTxJowUC&pg=PA46 |accessdate=25 April 2012 |page=46}}</ref> [[Barnwal]]s, [[Gahoi]]s, [[Kasuadhan]]s, [[Khandelwal Vaishya|Khandelwal]]s, [[Lohana]]s, [[Maheshwari]]s, [[Oswal]]s, the [[Arya Vaishyas]], the [[Vaishya Vani]]s of Konkan and Goa, the [[Bunts]] of karnataka and the [[Modh]] of the west.{{cn|date=December 2017}} |
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Revision as of 12:02, 23 March 2019
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Vaishya is one of the four varnas of the Hindu social order in Nepal and India.
Traditional duties
Hindu religious texts assigned Vaishyas to traditional roles in agriculture and cattle-rearing, but over time they came to be landowners, traders and money-lenders.[1] Therefore making it their responsibility to provide sustenance for those of higher class, since they were of lower class.[2] The Vaishyas, along with members of the Brahmin and Kshatriya varnas, claim dvija status ("twice born", a second or spiritual birth) after sacrament of initiation as in Hindu theology.[3] Indian and Nepali traders were widely credited for the spread of Hindu culture to regions as far as southeast Asia and Tibet respectively.[4]
Historically, Vaishyas have been involved in roles other than their traditional pastoralism, trade and commerce. According to historian Ram Sharan Sharma, the Gupta Empire was a Vaishya dynasty that "may have appeared as a reaction against oppressive rulers".[5]
Modern communities
The Vaishya community consist of several jāti or subcastes, including but not limited to the Agrahari,[6] Agrawals,[7] Barnwals, Gahois, Kasuadhans, Khandelwals, Lohanas, Maheshwaris, Oswals, the Arya Vaishyas, the Vaishya Vanis of Konkan and Goa, the Bunts of karnataka and the Modh of the west.[citation needed]
References
- ^ Boesche, Roger (1 March 2003). The First Great Political Realist. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-73910-607-5.
- ^ Pollard. E., Roserngerg. C., Tignor, R. L. (2015). Worlds together Worlds Apart Volume 1. New York, NY: W.W. Norton &Company, Inc. p. 142. ISBN 978-0-393-91847-2.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Madan, Gurmukh Ram (1979). Western Sociologists on Indian Society: Marx, Spencer, Weber, Durkheim, Pareto. Taylor & Francis. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-71008-782-9.
- ^ Embree, Ainslie Thomas; Gluck, Carol (1 January 1997). Asia in western and world history. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-56324-265-6.
- ^ Sharma, Ram Sharan (2003) [2001]. Early medieval Indian society: a study in feudalisation. Orient Blackswan. p. 69. ISBN 978-8-12502-523-8. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ Hasan, Amir; Rizvi, Baqr Raza; Das, J. C. (2005). Singh, Kumar Suresh (ed.). People of India: Uttar Pradesh , Volume 42, Part ?. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 66. ISBN 978-81-73041-14-3.
- ^ Bhanu, B. V.; Kulkarni, V. S. (2004). Singh, Kumar Suresh (ed.). People of India: Maharashtra, Part One. Vol. XXX. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, for Anthropological Survey of India. p. 46. ISBN 81-7991-100-4. OCLC 58037479. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
External links
Media related to Vaishya at Wikimedia Commons- All India Vaish Federation
