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The city hosts second-biggest grain market of Asia, located in Enumamula.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiagrowing.com/Telangana/Warangal/Hanamkonda/Enumamula|title=Enumamula Village, Hanamkonda Mandal, Warangal |publisher=India Growing |accessdate=19 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326103159/http://www.indiagrowing.com/Telangana/Warangal/Hanamkonda/Enumamula |archivedate=26 March 2014 }}</ref> [[Information Technology]] is another sector in which the city is making steady progress with its Incubation centre at [[Madikonda]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Special Correspondent |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-Telangana/stpiwarangal-woos-investors/article5647745.ece|title=STPI-Warangal woos investors|publisher=The Hindu|date=3 February 2014|accessdate=19 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/it-incubation-centre-inaugurated-in-warangal-116021900844_1.html | title=IT Incubation Centre inaugurated in Warangal | work=Business Standard | date=19 February 2016 | accessdate=5 July 2016 | author=Press Trust of India}}</ref>
The city hosts second-biggest grain market of Asia, located in Enumamula.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiagrowing.com/Telangana/Warangal/Hanamkonda/Enumamula|title=Enumamula Village, Hanamkonda Mandal, Warangal |publisher=India Growing |accessdate=19 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326103159/http://www.indiagrowing.com/Telangana/Warangal/Hanamkonda/Enumamula |archivedate=26 March 2014 }}</ref> [[Information Technology]] is another sector in which the city is making steady progress with its Incubation centre at [[Madikonda]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Special Correspondent |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-Telangana/stpiwarangal-woos-investors/article5647745.ece|title=STPI-Warangal woos investors|publisher=The Hindu|date=3 February 2014|accessdate=19 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/it-incubation-centre-inaugurated-in-warangal-116021900844_1.html | title=IT Incubation Centre inaugurated in Warangal | work=Business Standard | date=19 February 2016 | accessdate=5 July 2016 | author=Press Trust of India}}</ref>


== Nearest Cities ==
== Transport ==
== Transport ==
{{multiple image
{{multiple image

Revision as of 13:09, 10 April 2019

This article is about the city. For its namesake district, see Warangal Urban district.

Warangal
Metropolis
Warangal is located in Telangana
Warangal
Warangal
Warangal is located in India
Warangal
Warangal
Coordinates: 18°00′N 79°35′E / 18.0°N 79.58°E / 18.0; 79.58
CountryIndia
StateTelangana
DistrictWarangal Urban
Warangal Rural
Other NamesOrugallu
Ekasila Nagaram
Tri-City
Founded1163
Founded byKakatiya dynasty
Government
 • TypeMayor-council
 • BodyGWMC
KUDA
 • MayorNannapaneni Narender
 • Municipal CommissionerVP Gautham[1]
 • Commissioner of PoliceVishwanath Ravinder[2]
Area
[3]
 • Metropolis
471 km2 (182 sq mi)
 • Metro
1,805 km2 (697 sq mi)
Elevation
359 m (1,178 ft)
Population
 (2018)[3]
 • Metropolis
811,819
 • Density2,000/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
811,819 population_rank = 61st(India)
2nd (Telangana)
DemonymWarangalite
Languages
 • Official
Telugu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
506001 to 506019 [4]
Telephone code+91–0870
Vehicle registrationTS–03,TS-24,AP 36(old)[5]
EthnicityIndian
Websitewww.gwmc.gov.in

Warangal (pronunciationⓘ) is a city in the Indian state of Telangana. It is the district headquarters of Warangal Urban District. Warangal is the second largest and also Metropolitan City in Telangana after Hyderabad, spreading across 471 km2 (182 sq mi) with a population of 819,406. Warangal City Development Plan is proposed to cover an area of 1805 sq.km with population of about 819,406 (Census 2011)

Along with 11 other cities in the country known for having a rich cultural heritage, it has been chosen for the HRIDAY – Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana scheme by the Government of India.[6] It was also selected as a smart city in the "fast-track competition", which makes it eligible for additional investment to improve urban infrastructure and industrial opportunities under the Smart Cities Mission.[7]

Kakatiya Urban Development Authority (KUDA) was constituted by the local government for the planning, development and management of the Kakatiya (Warangal) Urban Development Area under the aegis of the Urban Areas (Development) Act of 1975 vide G.O.Ms.No. 1177 M.A. dated 6-11-1981. KUDA is in the process of preparation of a Master Plan for the horizon year 2041.

The region is spread over three districts – Warangal Rural, Warangal Urban and Jangaon in Telangana covering 19 Mandals and 181 Villages with a combined area of 1,805 square kilometres. Total population as per 2011 census is 819,406 , with around 62% of the population living in urban areas. The Master Plan is being prepared in accordance with the provisions of Telangana Urban Areas (Development) Act, 1975. The KUDA/ Government of Telangana has appointed LEA Associates South Asia Pvt. Ltd. (LASA), India, A LEA Group Company, Canada, for Preparation of Master Plan for the KUDA Area. The Plan is aimed to be prepared in 9 months duration starting from July 2017.

Warangal served as the capital of the Kakatiya dynasty which was established in 1163. The monuments left by the Kakatiyas include fortresses, lakes, temples and stone gateways which, in the present, helped the city to become a popular tourist attraction. The Kakatiya Kala Thoranam was included in the emblem of Telangana by the state government.[8]

Etymology

During the Kakatiya rule, Warangal was referred with various names like Orugallu, Ekasila Nagaram, or Omatikonda all these means a 'single stone' referring to a huge granite boulder present in the Warangal fort.[9] When the kakatiyan dynasty was defeated by Delhi Sultanate in 1323, ruler Juna khan conquered the city and renamed it as Sultanpur.[10] Later Musunuri Nayaks recaptured warangal in 1336 A. D. and named it Orugallu again.

History

Main article: Kakatiya dynasty
Warangal years ago
Sculptures at Warangal Fort
Kakatiyas well at Warangal

Warangal was the ancient capital of kakatiya dynasty. It was ruled by many kings such as BetaRaja I, ProlaRaja I, BetaRaja II, ProlaRaja II, Rudradeva, Mahadeva, Ganapathideva, Prataparudra and Rani Rudrama Devi who is the only woman to rule over Telugu region. Beta Raja I is the founder of Kakatiya Dynasty and ruled the kingdom for 30 years and was succeeded by his son Prola Raja I who shifted his capital to Hanamkonda.[11]

During the rule of Ganapathideva, the capital was shifted from Hanamkonda to Warangal.[12] Kakatiya Period Inscriptions praised Warangal as best city within all of Telugu region up to shores of the Ocean.[13] The Kakatiyas left many monuments, including an impressive fortress, four massive stone gateways, the Swayambhu temple dedicated to Shiva, and the Ramappa temple situated near Ramappa Lake. The cultural and administrative distinction of the Kakatiyas was mentioned by Marco Polo. After the defeat of Prataparudra II, the Musunuri Nayaks united 72 Nayak chieftains and captured Warangal from Delhi Sultanate and ruled for fifty years. After the demise of the Nayaks, Warangal was part of the Bahmani Sultanate and then the Sultanate of Golconda.

The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conquered Golconda in 1687, and it remained part of the Mughal empire until the southern provinces of the empire split away to become the state of Hyderabad in 1724, which included the Telangana region and some parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka. Hyderabad was annexed to India in 1948, and became an Indian state called as Hyderabad state. In 1956 Hyderabad state was partitioned as part of the States Reorganisation Act, and Telangana, the Telugu-speaking region of Hyderabad state, which includes Warangal, became part of Andhra Pradesh. After the Telangana movement, Telangana state was formed on 2 June 2014, warangal became part of Telangana State.

Geography and climate

Warangal
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
15
 
 
30
16
 
 
5
 
 
33
18
 
 
5
 
 
37
22
 
 
7
 
 
40
26
 
 
15
 
 
42
28
 
 
50
 
 
37
28
 
 
85
 
 
32
25
 
 
170
 
 
31
25
 
 
160
 
 
33
23
 
 
70
 
 
33
22
 
 
10
 
 
31
18
 
 
0
 
 
30
15
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: mustseeindia.com
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
0.6
 
 
86
61
 
 
0.2
 
 
91
64
 
 
0.2
 
 
99
72
 
 
0.3
 
 
104
79
 
 
0.6
 
 
108
82
 
 
2
 
 
99
82
 
 
3.3
 
 
90
77
 
 
6.7
 
 
88
77
 
 
6.3
 
 
91
73
 
 
2.8
 
 
91
72
 
 
0.4
 
 
88
64
 
 
0
 
 
86
59
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Waddepally Lake
Bhadrakali Lake

Warangal is located at 18°00′N 79°35′E / 18.0°N 79.58°E / 18.0; 79.58. It has an average elevation of 302 metres (990 feet). It is settled in the eastern part of Deccan Plateau made up of granite rocks and hill formations[14] which left the region barren making the cultivation dependent on seasonal rainfall. There are no major rivers flowing near the city, making it reliant on the Kakatiya Canal which originates from Sriram Sagar Project to meet the city's water requirements.[15][16] Located in the semi-arid region of Telangana, Warangal has a predominantly hot and dry climate. Summer starts in March, and peak in May with average high temperatures in the 42 °C (108 °F) range. The monsoon arrives in June and lasts until September with about 550 mm (22 in) of precipitation. A dry, mild winter starts in October and lasts until early February, when there is little humidity and average temperatures in the 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) range. Many hill rocks and lakes are located around warangal. Padmakshi hill, mettu gutta, hanumathgiri gutta, ursu gutta and Govinda Rajula Gutta are famous hills with temples.[17]

Bhadrakali Lake, Dharmasagar lake and Waddepally Lake are the three famous lakes which adds scenic beauty and also are the major sources of drinking water.[18]

Governance

Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation
Police patrol vehicle in Warangal

Template:India census population

Civic administration

Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation is the civic body of the city, which oversees the civic needs. Established in 1899, it is one of the oldest urban local bodies in India. [19] [20] The GWMC covers an area of 406.87 square kilometres (157.09 sq mi).[21][3] City planning is governed by the Kakatiya Urban Development Authority, which was constituted in 1982. The body oversees development of infrastructure and other projects in the city.[22]

The former Warangal Municipal Corporation implemented some pilot projects, such as the Solid Waste Management programme, that were so successful that other corporations have since implemented them.[23][24] The city is divided into 58 political wards where each ward is represented by an area corporator.[clarification needed]

Clean Cities Championship

In 2012, the city of Warangal was generating 300 tonnes per day (TPD) of municipal solid waste (MSW) of which about 60% was being collected by the GWMC. The residual MSW was piling up across the city, making it look untidy and creating an unsanitary environment. In these conditions, the GWMC devised an innovative solution to addressing MSW management - the Clean Cities Championship. Taking place over one week in mid October 2012, the GWMC invited waste management professionals from 57 municipalities across the state of Telangana to compete in the Clean Cities Championship. [25]

Leading up to the event, a multi-channel information and education campaign (IEC) created awareness and excitement about the event via billboards, posters, pamphlets, radio jingles, TV ads, street plays, a web portal and TV shows. [26]

All the Clean Cities Championship participants were divided into 386 teams, with each team being given the responsibility of waste collection from 500 households per day. The teams went door-to-door and demonstrated correct waste segregation techniques to the householders and gave them two bins, one each for wet and dry waste. Each team spent about fours hours per day collecting MSW from households on it's route. [27] The waste was then taken to central drop-off points where it was weighed and further segregated as required. The segregated waste was then taken to waste recovery facilities, which had been prepped ahead of time, here the organic waste underwent bio-methanation or composting, the recyclable waste was sorted and recycled and the inert waste was sent to Marikonda dumpsite 15 kilometers outside the city. [28] [29]

National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets were the monitors of the competition and marked the waste collection teams on attributes such as gloves worn, masks worn etc. Each day one man and one woman from across all the teams won a prize. At the end of the week, the best team (Khammam Municipal Corporation) won the Clean Cities Championship trophy. [30]

Following the Clean Cities Championship, Warangal became the first city in India to achieve 100% door-to-door MSW collection. About 70% of households started practicing two-bin MSW segregation into wet and dry waste. 420 cement bins and 128 dumpsters were removed from locations across Warangal making it a no dump city. [31]

GWMC was able to reduce the MSW going to landfill by 30% to 40% [32] and the dumpyard with significantly reduced load is, in phases, being converted into a nature park with vermicomposting sheds. [33]

Law and order

The urban police district, which is responsible for maintaining law and order in city and agglomerated areas around Warangal was converted into a Police Commissionerate by the state government in 2015.[34][35] Inspector General will be working as police commissioner who is also given magisterial powers. There are around 19 police stations present under Warangal Police Commissionerate.[36]

Healthcare

The 1000-bed Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital is the largest hospital in the city. It also serves the needs of patients from the neighbouring districts of Khammam and Karimnagar.[37]

There are various public and private hospitals namely:

  • Maxcare Hospitals
  • Rohini Hospital
  • Jaya Hospital
  • Sri Laxmi Hospital
  • Yoshida Clinics

[38]

Areas in Greater Warangal

Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation (GWMC) Inclusion of 42 Gram Panchayats into the limits.

  • Allipur
  • Nakkalapally
  • Ayhodhyapuram
  • Tekulagudem
  • Bhattupalli
  • Taralapally
  • Kadipikonda
  • Thimmapur
  • Kummarigudem
  • Bheemaram
  • Paidipally
  • Devannapet
  • Chinthagattu
  • Hasanparthy
  • Pegadapally
  • Komatipally
  • Yellapur
  • Mucherla
  • Mogilicherla
  • Munipally
  • Rampur
  • Dharmaram
  • Vanagapahad
  • Dupakunta
  • Gundlasingaram
  • Gorrekunta
  • Kothapeta
  • Potharajpally
  • Palivelpula
  • Stambhampally
  • Arepally
  • Vasanthapur
  • Enumamula
  • Janpaka
  • Gopalapuram
  • Unikicherla
  • Kothapally (H)
  • Singaram
  • Madikonda
  • Bollikunta
  • Mamunoor
  • Gadepallly

Economy

As of 2011 census of India, Warangal is one of the Indian cities that has seen rapid growth of urbanisation from 19%–28%, alongside cities such as Gandhinagar, Kozhikode.[39]

Agriculture is the main economic activity with irrigation depending mainly on monsoon and seasonal rainfalls. Major crops are paddy, cotton, mango and wheat. Warangal benefits from the Godavari lift irrigation scheme which is designed to lift water from the Godavari river to irrigate drought prone areas in the Telangana region.[40]

The city hosts second-biggest grain market of Asia, located in Enumamula.[41] Information Technology is another sector in which the city is making steady progress with its Incubation centre at Madikonda.[42][43]

Transport

Traffic on Warangal roads
Kazipet railway station
Warangal railway station

Roadway

The city is connected to major cities and towns by means of road and railways. National and state highways that pass through the city are, National Highway 163, connecting Hyderabad and Bhopalpatnam; NH 563 connecting Ramagundam and Khammam; State highway 3. TSRTC operates buses to various destinations from Hanamkonda and Warangal bus stations of the city.[44] Nearly 78 City buses run in various routes across the city and sub urban areas while 45 city buses run from city to nearby villages.[45]

Railway

Warangal has two railway stations namely, Kazipet and Warangal on the important New Delhi-Chennai main line of Indian Railways.[46] They are administered under the jurisdiction of the Secunderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. Kazipet Junction shelters both Electric and Diesel Loco sheds with a capacity of holding 175 and 142 locomotives.[47][48] Kazipet town, Vanchanagiri, Pendial, Hasanparthy Road railway station are the other railway stations within the city limits. The construction of third railway line between Balharshah and Kazipet was sanctioned at an estimated cost of ₹24.032 billion (US$290 million).[49]

Airway

Warangal has an airport built by the Nizams at Mamnoor in 1930. It was largest airport in undivided India with 1,875 acres of land, a 6.6-km runway, a pilot and staff quarters, a pilot training centre and more than one terminal. Many cargo services and Vayudoot services were served. During the Indo-China war, it served as a hangar for government aircraft due to Delhi airport being a target in combat. It remained in service until 1981.[50]

This airport is currently being used as NCC Training Centre by No. 4(A) air squadron for gliding sorties, skeet shooting and aero-modeling.[51] There is no scheduled commercial air service from this airport at present.

Educational institutes

NIT Warangal
Kakatiya Medical College

Both government and private institutions has their presence in the city.

Colleges and universities:

Kakatiya University and Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences are two universities in the city. Other notable educational institutions include NIT Warangal,[52] Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, SR Engineering College, Kakatiya Medical College, Talla padmavathi Colleges etc.,

Schools:

  • Platinum Jubilee high School
  • Sparkrill International School
  • Delhi Public School
  • SR Schools
  • Warangal Public School
  • Greenwood High School
  • St. Peters High School
  • St. Gabriel's High School

Culture

A few Tourist attraction spots in Warangal Tri-Cities

The residents of the city are often referred as Warangalites.[53] The Warangal Fort, Thousand Pillar Temple and Ramappa Temple are the World Heritage sites recognised by UNESCO.[54] Bhadrakali Temple, Padmakshi Temple, Kazipet Dargah, Mettu Gutta, Govinda Rajula Gutta, Ursu Gutta, and Erragattu Gutta are the other notable destinations of various religions. Bhadrakali Lake, Waddepally Lake, and Dharmasagar Lake are the water bodies notable for tourism.[55]

Bhadrakali Temple in Warangal

Bhadrakali Temple lake is being developed into the largest first Geo-Bio-Diversity cultural park in the country, with promenades, historic caves, suspension bridges, natural trails, nesting ground and ecological reserves.[56][57]

The Ministry of Tourism has awarded Warangal as the best heritage city, at the National Tourism Awards for the year 2014-2015.[58] This is third time in a row for the city to get this award since 2012.[59]

Religions in Warangal[60]
Religion Percent
Hindu
 
 83.41%
Muslim
 
 14.39%
Christian
 
 1.65%
Others†
 
 0.55%
†Includes Sikhs, Jains

Festivals

Festivals in the city include, a floral festival of Bathukamma being celebrated by women of the city, worshiping the goddess with different flowers for nine days.[61] The women carry their Bathukamma to the nearest temple of their locality, then they clap, sing and dance rhythmically around the Bathukamma.[62] Along with Bathukamma, Bonalu is also declared as a state festival on 15 June 2014.[63] Other festivals are, Sammakka Saralamma Jatara (Medaram Jatara), a popular religious congregation in the honour of Goddess at Medaram of Warangal district.

Cuisine

The cuisine of the city is mainly of Deccan dishes. The breakfast items include Chapati, and Puri. Rice with variety of curries including curd is taken as main food and the most notable one is the Biryani. Special food items Harees and Haleem are traditional food items available in the season of Ramadan.[64]

Notable People

References

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  58. ^ http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/madhya-pradesh-received-award-for-comprehensive-development-of-tourism-2944373/
  59. ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/warangal-wins-best-heritage-city-award/article8927116.ece
  60. ^ "Warangal City Population Census 2011 – Andhra Pradesh".
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  62. ^ Gollapudi Srinivasa Rao. "Bathukamma festivities to begin from Sept. 24". The Hindu. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  63. ^ "Bonalu, Bathukamma declared state festivals". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  64. ^ "City Of Warangal » Harees popular than Haleem in Warangal". City Of Warangal. Retrieved 28 July 2015.

Further reading

  • Wagoner, Phillip B.; Rice, John Henry (2001). "From Delhi to the Deccan: Newly Discovered Tughluq Monuments at Warangal-Sult̤ānpur and the Beginnings of Indo-Islamic Architecture in Southern India". Artibus Asiae. 61 (1): 77–117. doi:10.2307/3249963. JSTOR 3249963. (subscription required)
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