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Revision as of 19:12, 10 April 2019

March 8 Alliance
تحالف 8 آذار
Founded2005; 19 years ago (2005)
IdeologyPro-Syrian government
Political positionBig tent
Parliament of Lebanon
79 / 128
Cabinet of Lebanon
19 / 30
Website
8march.org

The March 8 Alliance (Template:Lang-ar) is a coalition of political parties and independents in Lebanon formed in 2005 that are united by their pro-Syrian regime stance and their opposition to the March 14 Alliance. It was the ruling coalition in Lebanon with the government headed by Prime Minister Najib Mikati from June 2011 until March 2013.[1]

History

The name dates back to 8 March 2005 when different parties called for a mass demonstration in downtown Beirut in response to the Cedar Revolution. The demonstration thanked Syria for helping stop the Lebanese Civil War and the aid in stabilising Lebanon and supporting the Lebanese resistance to the Israeli occupation.

Inclusion of Free Patriotic Movement

The Free Patriotic Movement (FPM) was the basis of the March 14 Alliance movement. FPM launched the Liberation War against the Syrian Army on 14 March 1989 and participated in all demonstrations against the Syrian occupation until the Cedar Revolution's mass demonstration on 14 March 2005. The Free Patriotic Movement (FPM) split from the March 14 Alliance on 6 February 2006, when its leader Michel Aoun signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Hezbollah. FPM considered its project against the Syrian government completed when the Syrian army left Lebanon at the end of April 2005.

Free Patriotic Movement led by Michel Aoun eventually joined the rival March 8 Alliance, becoming one of its principal coalition partners.

Ruling Alliance (2011–2013)

The Progressive Socialist Party left the March 14 alliance in January 2011 after being one of its cornerstones and ostensibly aligned itself with the alliance's Change and Reform Bloc after Walid Jumblatt visited Damascus. This move gave the alliance and its partners a majority in the parliament, enabling them to name Najib Mikati as prime minister to form the Lebanese government of June 2011.[citation needed]

The government led by March 8 Alliance survived 22 months until Mikati's resignation on 23 March 2013.[2]

2016 presidential elections

After a presidential vacuum that lasted from 23 April 2014 until 31 October 2016, the Parliament was able to elect MP and former General Michel Aoun, who in turn nominated March 14 member Saad Hariri as Prime Minister.

2018 legislative elections

The alliance emerged victorious as they gathered 80 seats out of 128 (63%), in the first legislative elections since 2009.

Name Party/Bloc District Religion


Alain Aoun   Free Patriotic Movement Baabda Maronite
Hikmat Dib   Free Patriotic Movement Baabda Maronite
Neemat Frem   Free Patriotic Movement Keserwan Maronite
Roger Azar   Free Patriotic Movement Keserwan Maronite
Chamel Roukoz   Free Patriotic Movement Keserwan Maronite
Simon Abi Ramia   Free Patriotic Movement Jbeil Maronite
Ibrahim Kanaan   Free Patriotic Movement Metn Maronite
Edgard Maalouf   Free Patriotic Movement Metn Greek Catholic
Elias Bou Saab   Free Patriotic Movement Metn Greek Orthodox
Hagop Pakradounian   Tashnaq Metn Armenian Orthodox
Talal Arslan   Lebanese Democratic Party Aley Druze
Cesar Abi Khalil   Free Patriotic Movement Aley Maronite
Ziad Assouad   Free Patriotic Movement Jezzine Maronite
Salim Khoury   Free Patriotic Movement Jezzine Greek Catholic
Michel Moawad   Independence Movement Zgharta Maronite
Assaad Dargham   Free Patriotic Movement Akkar Greek Orthodox
Mustapha Ali Hussein   Independent Akkar Alawite
Georges Atallah   Free Patriotic Movement Koura Greek Orthodox
Gebran Bassil   Free Patriotic Movement Batroun Maronite
Mario Aoun   Free Patriotic Movement Chouf Maronite
Farid Boustany   Free Patriotic Movement Chouf Maronite
Nicolas Sehnaoui   Free Patriotic Movement Beirut I Greek Catholic
Antoine Pano   Free Patriotic Movement Beirut I Christian Minorities
Alexander Matossian   Tashnaq Beirut I Armenian Orthodox
Hagop Terzian   Tashnaq Beirut I Armenian Orthodox
Edgard Traboulsi   Free Patriotic Movement Beirut II Protestant
Salim Aoun   Free Patriotic Movement Zahle Maronite
Michel Daher   Independent Zahle Greek Catholic
Elie Ferzli   Independent West Bekaa Greek Orthodox
Ali Ammar   Hezbollah Baabda Shia
Amin Sharri   Hezbollah Beirut II Shia
Nawwaf Musawi   Hezbollah Tyre/Zahrani Shia
Hussein Jashi   Hezbollah Tyre/Zahrani Shia
Hassan Fadlallah   Hezbollah Bint Jbeil Shia
Mohammad Raad   Hezbollah Nabatieh Shia
Ali Fayyad   Hezbollah Hasbaya/Marjeyoun Shia
Anwar Jomma   Hezbollah Zahle Shia
Hussein el Hage Hassan   Hezbollah Baalbeck/Hermil Shia
Ibrahim Mousawi   Hezbollah Baalbeck/Hermil Shia
Ali Mekdad   Hezbollah Baalbeck/Hermil Shia
Elwalid Succariyeh   Hezbollah Baalbeck/Hermil Sunni
Ihab Hamadeh   Hezbollah Baalbeck/Hermil Shia
Mohamed Khawaja   Amal Movement Beirut II Shia
Fadi Alameh   Amal Movement Baabda Shia
Nabih Berri   Amal Movement Zahrani Shia
Ali Osseiran   Amal Movement Zahrani Shia
Michel Moussa   Amal Movement Zahrani Greek Catholic
Ali Khreis   Amal Movement Tyr Shia
Inaya Ezzeddine   Amal Movement Tyr Shia
Yassine Jaber   Amal Movement Nabatieh Shia
Kassem Hachem   Amal Movement Marjeyoun Hasbaya Sunni
Hani Kobeissi   Amal Movement Nabatieh Shia
Ali Bazzi   Amal Movement Bint Jbeil Shia
Ayoub Hmayed   Amal Movement Bint Jbeil Shia
Ali Hassan Khalil   Amal Movement Marjeyoun Hasbaya Shia
Anwar Khalil   Amal Movement Marjeyoun Hasbaya Druze
Mohamed Nasrallah   Amal Movement West Bekaa Rashaya Shia
Ghazi Zaiter   Amal Movement Baalbeck Hermel Shia
Salim Saadeh   Syrian Social Nationalist Party Koura Greek Orthodox
Assaad Hardan   Syrian Social Nationalist Party Marjeyoun Hasbaya Greek Orthodox
Albert Mansour   Syrian Social Nationalist Party Baalbeck Hermel Greek Catholic
Najib Mikati   Azm Movement Tripoli Sunni
Jean Obeid   Independent Tripoli Maronite
Nicholas Nahas   Azm Movement Tripoli Greek Orthodox
Ali Darwish   Azm Movement Tripoli Alawite
Tony Frangieh   Marada Movement Zgharta Maronite
Estephan Douaihy   Marada Movement Zgharta Maronite
Fayez Ghosn   Marada Movement Koura Greek Orthodox
Ossama Saad   Popular Nasserist Organization Saida Sunni
Adnan Traboulsi   Al-Ahbash Beirut II Sunni
Abdul Rahim Mrad   Union Party West Bekaa Rashaya Sunni
Faisal Karami   Arab Liberation Party Tripoli Sunni

2019 cabinet

The Alliance has 19 ministers -out of 30- (63%) in the current Lebanese Cabinet, it was equally represented in both parliament and cabinet.

Name Party Portfolio (Ministry) Religion


Elias Bou Saab   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Defense Greek Orthodox
Gebran Bassil   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Exterior and Expatriates Maronite
Saleh Gharib   Lebanese Democratic Party State Minister for Refugees Affairs Druze
Ghassan Atallah   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Displaced Greek Catholic
Nada Boustani   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Energy and Water Maronite
Avedis Guidanian   Tashnaq Minister of Tourism Armenian Orthodox
Hassan Mrad   March 8 Alliance State Minister for Foreign Trade Sunni
Albert Serhan   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Justice Greek Orthodox
Salim Jreissati   Free Patriotic Movement State Minister for Presidential Affairs Greek Catholic
Mansour Bteich   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Economy and Trade Maronite
Fadi Jreissati   Free Patriotic Movement Minister of Environment Greek Catholic
Youssef Finianos   Marada Movement Minister of Public Works and Transport Maronite
Ali Hassan Khalil   Amal Movement Minister of Finance Shia
Muhammad Daoud   Amal Movement Minister of Culture Shia
Hassan Lakkis   Amal Movement Minister of Agriculture Shia
Jamil Jabak   Independent Minister of Public Health Shia
Muhammad Fneish   Hezbollah Minister of Youth and Sports Shia
Mahmoud Kmati   Hezbollah State Minister for Parliamentary Affairs Shia
Adel Afiouni   Azm Movement State Minister for Technology and Investment Sunni

Constituent parties

It currently holds 41 of 128 seats in the parliament after the 2018 elections and consists of:

Flag Party Arabic Name Ideology Demographic Base Seats in Parliament (after 2018 election)
File:Mpllibano.png Free Patriotic Movement at-Tayyār al-Waṭanī al-Horr

التيار الوطني الحر

Liberal conservativism

Lebanese nationalism

Civic nationalism

Liberal democracy

Maronite Christian 29
29 / 128
Amal Movement Harakat Amal

حركة أمل

Conservatism

Populism

Shi'a Muslim 17
17 / 128
Hezbollah - Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc Hizballah

حزب الله

Islamic nationalism

Anti-Zionism

Shi'a Muslim 13
13 / 128
Lebanese Democratic Party al-Hizb ad-Dimuqrati al-Lubnani

الحزب الديمقراطي اللبناني

Conservatism Druze 1
1 / 128
El Marada Movement Tayyar al-Marada

تيار المردة

Lebanese nationalism

Christian democracy

Right-wing nationalism

Christian, mainly Maronite 7
7 / 128
Glory Movement Harakat Majd

حركة مجد

Centrism

Secularism

Sunni Muslim 4
4 / 128
Armenian Revolutionary Federation Tashnag

الطاشناق

Armenian nationalism

United Armenia

Democratic socialism

Armenian 3
3 / 128
Syrian Social Nationalist Party al-Hizb as-Suri al-Qawmi al-Ijtima'i

الحزب السوري القومي الإجتماعي

Syrian nationalism

Left-wing nationalism

Secularism

Anti-Zionism

Secular with support across all communities 3
3 / 128
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region Hizb al-Ba'th al-Arabi al-Ishtiraki

حزب البعث العربي الإشتراكي

Pan-Arabism

Ba'athism

Anti-Zionism

Secular 0
0 / 128
Solidarity Party Hizb at-Tadamoun

حزب التضامن

Lebanese nationalism Maronite Christian 0
0 / 128
Skaff Bloc Kutlat Skaff

كتلة سكاف

Christian Democracy Greek Catholic Christian 0
0 / 128
Popular Nasserist Organization at-Tanzim ash-Sha’bi al-Nasiri

التنظيم الشعبي الناصري

Nasserism

Arab nationalism

Pan-Arabism

Anti-Zionism

Left-wing nationalism

Sunni Muslim 1
1 / 128
Arab Democratic Party al-Hizb ad-Dimuqrati al-Arabi

الحزب الديمقراطي العربي

Arab nationalism

Ba'athism

Pan-Syrianism

Secularism 0
0 / 128

References

  1. ^ March 8 finished, Aoun out in the cold The Daily Star 10 July 2013
  2. ^ El Basha, Thomas (March 22, 2013). "Lebanese PM announces resignation of his government". The Daily Star. Retrieved March 22, 2013.