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==History==
==History==
The NHAI was created through the promulgation of the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988. Section 16(1) of the Act states that the function of NHAI is to develop, maintain and manage the national highways and any other highways vested in, or entrusted to, it by the Government of India. [[Yogendra Narain]] was the first Chairman of NHAI in 1988. He is a retired [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre. In February 1995, the Authority was formally made an [[Autonomous entity|autonomous]] body.<ref name=nhai-estd>{{cite web|url=http://www.nhai.org/estd.htm|title=NHAI Official Website|publisher=NHAI|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref> It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways, totaling over {{convert|92851.05|km|mi|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=nhai-mandate>{{cite web|url=http://www.nhai.org/mandate.htm|title=NHAI Official Website|publisher=NHAI|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref> The NHAI is also responsible of the toll collection on several highways.<ref>{{Cite news|title = NHAI plans toll collection at Kaniyur shortly|url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/nhai-plans-toll-collection-at-kaniyur-shortly/article7748870.ece|publisher=The Hindu|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref>
The NHAI was created through the promulgation of the ''National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988''. Section 16(1) of the Act states that the function of NHAI is to develop, maintain and manage the national highways and any other highways vested in, or entrusted to, it by the Government of India. [[Yogendra Narain]] was the first Chairman of NHAI in 1988. He is a retired [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre. In February 1995, the Authority was formally made an [[Autonomous entity|autonomous]] body.<ref name=nhai-estd>{{cite web|url=http://www.nhai.org/estd.htm|title=NHAI Official Website|publisher=NHAI|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref> It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways, totaling over {{convert|92851.05|km|mi|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=nhai-mandate>{{cite web|url=http://www.nhai.org/mandate.htm|title=NHAI Official Website|publisher=NHAI|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref> The NHAI is also responsible of the toll collection on several highways.<ref>{{Cite news|title = NHAI plans toll collection at Kaniyur shortly|url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/nhai-plans-toll-collection-at-kaniyur-shortly/article7748870.ece|publisher=The Hindu|access-date=9 January 2016}}</ref>


==Projects==
==Projects==

Revision as of 05:53, 15 April 2019

National Highways Authority of India
AbbreviationNHAI
Formation1988[1]
TypeAutonomous government agency
Legal statusActive
PurposeDevelopment and maintenance of National Highways
HeadquartersG 5&6, Sector-10, Dwarka New Delhi
Region served
 India
Chairman
Nagendra Nath Sinha (IAS) [2]
Member (Administration)
R. K. Chaturvedi (IAS)
Member (Projects)
R. K. Pandey
Member (Technical)
D. O. Tawade
Main organ
Board of directors[3]
Parent organisation
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India
Websitewww.nhai.gov.in
via Arun Ganesh
[4] Rationalization of Numbering Systems of National Highway of India
Headquarters of the NHAI at Sector 10, Dwarka in New Delhi, India

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is an autonomous agency of the Government of India, set up in 1988 and is responsible for management of a network of over 50,000 km of National Highways out of 1,15,000 km in India.[5] It is a nodal agency of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. NHAI has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the Indian Space Research Organisation for satellite mapping of highways.[6] Nagendra Nath Sinha (IAS), is the present Chairman of NHAI since March 2019.

History

The NHAI was created through the promulgation of the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988. Section 16(1) of the Act states that the function of NHAI is to develop, maintain and manage the national highways and any other highways vested in, or entrusted to, it by the Government of India. Yogendra Narain was the first Chairman of NHAI in 1988. He is a retired IAS officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre. In February 1995, the Authority was formally made an autonomous body.[1] It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways, totaling over 92,851.05 km (57,694.97 mi) in length.[7] The NHAI is also responsible of the toll collection on several highways.[8]

Projects

NHAI logo and caption

The NHAI has the mandate to implement the National Highways Development Project (NHDP). The NHDP is under implementation in Phases.[7]

  • Phase I: Approved in December 2000, at an estimated cost of INR 300 Billion, it included the Golden Quadrilateral (GQ), portions of the NS-EW Corridors, and connectivity of major ports to National Highways.
  • Phase II: Approved in December 2003, at an estimated cost of INR 343 Billion, it included the completion of the NS-EW corridors and another 486 km (302 mi) of highways.
  • Phase IIIA: This phase was approved in March 2005, at an estimated cost of INR 222 Billion, it includes an upgrade to 4-lanes of 4,035 km (2,507 mi)of National Highways.
  • Phase IIIB: This was approved in April 2006, at an estimated cost of INR 543 Billion, it includes an upgrade to 4-lanes of 8,074 km (5,017 mi) of National Highways.
  • Phase V: Approved in October 2006, it includes upgrades to 6-lanes for 6,500 km (4,000 mi), of which 5,700 km (3,500 mi) is on the GQ. This phase is entirely on a DBFO basis.
  • Phase VI: This phase, approved in November 2006, will develop 1,000 km (620 mi) of expressways at an estimated cost of INR 167 Billion.
  • Phase VII: This phase, approved in December 2007, will develop ring-roads, bypasses and flyovers to avoid traffic bottlenecks on selected stretches at a cost of INR 167 Billion.

NHAI helps in implementing Special Accelerated Road Development Programme for North Eastern Region (SARDP-NE); a project to upgrade National Highways connecting state capitals to 2 lane or 4 lane in north eastern region.[9]

Golden Quadrilateral

The Golden Quadrilateral is a highway network connecting many of the major industrial, agricultural and cultural centres of India. A quadrilateral of sorts is formed by connecting Chennai, Kolkata, Delhi and Mumbai, and hence its name. The largest highway project in India and the fifth longest in the world was launched in 2001 by Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee and was completed in 2012.[10] It is part of the first phase of the National Highways Development Project (NHDP) and consisted of building 5,846 km (3,633 mi) four/six lane express highways at a cost of ₹600 billion (US$7.2 billion).[11]

North–South and East–West Corridor

The North–South and East–West Corridor is part of the second phase of the National Highways Development Project (NHDP) and consists of building 7,142 kilometres (4,438 mi) of four/six lane expressways connecting Srinagar in the north and Kanyakumari in the south, Porbandar in the west and Silchar in the east, at a cost of US$12.317 billion (at 1999 prices).[12]

National-Green-Highway-Mission

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), Government of India has promulgated Green Highways (Plantations, Transplantations, Beautification and Maintenance) Policy – 2015 on 29th September 2015 to develop green corridors along National Highways for sustainable environment and inclusive growth.The policy envisions"development of eco-friendly National Highways with participation of the communities, farmers, NGOs, private sector, institutions, government agencies and the Forest Departments for economic growth and development in a sustainable manner."

Under the aegis of the Policy, development of green corridors is proposed along developed and upcoming National Highways in the width available in existing Right of Way (ROW) in the form of median and avenue plantations.

Roadside plantations have immense potential to enhance the green cover of nation and generate employment opportunities for rural community. Green Highways Division - under National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has been entrusted with the task of planning, implementation and monitoring roadside plantations along one lakh km network of National Highways which would in turn generate one lakh direct employment opportunity in plantations sector in next ten years.For effective project planning, implementation and monitoring GHD has developed Guidelines and Vision Document.[13]

Criticism

A 2012 report prepared by the World Bank’s Institutional Integrity Unit alleged that fraudulent and corrupt practices were being followed by Indian contractors working on national highway projects funded by it, and sought a thorough investigation into the matter.[14] The report also alleged that contractors paid bribes and gifts, including gold coins, to "influence the actions" of officials and consultants of the National Highways Authority of India.[14]

Local bodies and major road owners - including PWD and National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) - were criticized for depending on old technologies and outdates specifications for building and relaying roads.[15]

New Numbering System

In March 2010, Government of India issued a new list of numbered routes with rationalized and systematic numbering. The odd numbered routes are drawn horizontally, with numbers increasing from northern to southern parts of India. The even numbered routes are, similarly, drawn vertically going north to south, with numbers increasing from eastern to western parts of India.

National Green Highways Program

Ministry of Transport and NHAI has launched the green highways program.in 2016.[16][17][18][19][20]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "NHAI Official Website". NHAI. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  2. ^ "Sanjeev Ranjan named Road Transport Secretary, N N Sinha to be NHAI chief". 04 March 2019. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ "NHAI List of Board of Directors". NHAI. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  4. ^ http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/linkimages/9-6774713323.pdf
  5. ^ "NHAI Road Network". NHAI. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  6. ^ "NHAI signs MoU". Business Standard. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  7. ^ a b "NHAI Official Website". NHAI. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  8. ^ "NHAI plans toll collection at Kaniyur shortly". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  9. ^ "SARDP-NE" (PDF). Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  10. ^ "Golden Quadrilateral Highway Network". Road Traffic Technology. Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  11. ^ "Indian Road network". National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  12. ^ "NHDP programme". National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  13. ^ http://nationalgreenhighway.org/introduction-to-nghm
  14. ^ a b "Express Exclusive: World Bank cries fraud, graft in highways projects". Indian Express.
  15. ^ "Corporation to focus on public transport". {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  16. ^ http://nationalgreenhighway.org/ongoing-national-highway-development-project
  17. ^ http://www.nitingadkari.org/pages/PR-pdf/plantation_drive.pdf
  18. ^ https://iasexamportal.com/courses/environment/national-green-highway-mission
  19. ^ http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/415319/green-highways-plantation-maintenance-policy-2015/
  20. ^ https://www.governancenow.com/news/regular-story/finance-ministry-rejects-rs-5000-crore-green-fund-project-road-ministry-nhai
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