Jump to content

Nils John Nilsson: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
rm Chinese source now that English ones are available
add personal life
Line 19: Line 19:
}}
}}


'''Nils John Nilsson''' (February 6, 1933 – April 23, 2019)<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/25/obituaries/nils-nilssen-dead.html|title=Nils Nilsson, 86, dies; scientist helped robots find their way|last=Markoff|first=John|date=April 25, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 28, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://news.stanford.edu/2019/04/24/nils-nilsson-pioneer-robotics-artificial-intelligence-dies-86/|title=Nils Nilsson, pioneer in robotics and artificial intelligence, dies at 86|last=Myers|first=Andrew|date=April 24, 2019|website=[[Stanford University|Stanford.edu]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426161614/https://news.stanford.edu/2019/04/24/nils-nilsson-pioneer-robotics-artificial-intelligence-dies-86/|archive-date=April 26, 2019|dead-url=|access-date=April 28, 2019}}</ref> was an American computer scientist. He was one of the founding researchers in the discipline of [[artificial intelligence]].<ref name=":0" /> He was the first Kumagai Professor of Engineering in [[Computer Science]] at [[Stanford University]], a position he held from the Chair's establishment in 1990 until his death. He is particularly known for his contributions to [[search algorithm|search]], [[automated planning and scheduling|planning]], [[knowledge representation]], and [[robotics]].<ref name=":0" /> <!-- His research was based mainly on the premise that intelligence is based on knowledge that must be represented explicitly. -->
'''Nils John Nilsson''' (February 6, 1933 – April 23, 2019) was an American computer scientist. He was one of the founding researchers in the discipline of [[artificial intelligence]].<ref name=":0" /> He was the first Kumagai Professor of Engineering in [[Computer Science]] at [[Stanford University]], a position he held from the Chair's establishment in 1990 until his death. He is particularly known for his contributions to [[search algorithm|search]], [[automated planning and scheduling|planning]], [[knowledge representation]], and [[robotics]].<ref name=":0" /> <!-- His research was based mainly on the premise that intelligence is based on knowledge that must be represented explicitly. -->


[[File:Shakey.png|thumb|right|Shakey at the [[Computer History Museum]], [[Mountain View, California]]]]
[[File:Shakey.png|thumb|right|Shakey at the [[Computer History Museum]], [[Mountain View, California]]]]
Line 37: Line 37:


In 2011, Nilsson was inducted into [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]]' AI's Hall of Fame for the "significant contributions to the field of AI and intelligent systems".<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite journal| doi = 10.1109/MIS.2011.64 | title = AI's Hall of Fame | url = https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5968105| journal = [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]]| volume = 26 | issue = 4 | pages = 5–15 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/399442 |title=IEEE Computer Society Magazine Honors Artificial Intelligence Leaders |newspaper=DigitalJournal.com |date=August 24, 2011 |accessdate=September 18, 2011}} Press release source: ''[[PRWeb]]'' ([[Vocus (software)|Vocus]]).</ref>
In 2011, Nilsson was inducted into [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]]' AI's Hall of Fame for the "significant contributions to the field of AI and intelligent systems".<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite journal| doi = 10.1109/MIS.2011.64 | title = AI's Hall of Fame | url = https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5968105| journal = [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]]| volume = 26 | issue = 4 | pages = 5–15 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/399442 |title=IEEE Computer Society Magazine Honors Artificial Intelligence Leaders |newspaper=DigitalJournal.com |date=August 24, 2011 |accessdate=September 18, 2011}} Press release source: ''[[PRWeb]]'' ([[Vocus (software)|Vocus]]).</ref>

== Personal life ==
Nilsson married Karen Braucht in 1958, and had two children with her, Lars Nilsson and Kristin Nilsson Farley. After Braucht died in 1991, Nilsson married his second wife, Grace Abbott, and had four stepchildren.<ref name=":0" />

On April 23, 2019, Nilsson died at his home in [[Medford, Oregon]], at the age of 86.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/25/obituaries/nils-nilssen-dead.html|title=Nils Nilsson, 86, dies; scientist helped robots find their way|last=Markoff|first=John|date=April 25, 2019|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 28, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://news.stanford.edu/2019/04/24/nils-nilsson-pioneer-robotics-artificial-intelligence-dies-86/|title=Nils Nilsson, pioneer in robotics and artificial intelligence, dies at 86|last=Myers|first=Andrew|date=April 24, 2019|website=[[Stanford University|Stanford.edu]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426161614/https://news.stanford.edu/2019/04/24/nils-nilsson-pioneer-robotics-artificial-intelligence-dies-86/|archive-date=April 26, 2019|dead-url=|access-date=April 28, 2019}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 23:07, 29 April 2019

Nils John Nilsson
Born(1933-02-06)February 6, 1933
Saginaw, Michigan, U.S.
DiedApril 23, 2019(2019-04-23) (aged 86)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materStanford University
Scientific career
FieldsArtificial intelligence
InstitutionsSRI International
Stanford University
Doctoral advisorWillis Harman
Doctoral studentsLeslie P. Kaelbling

Nils John Nilsson (February 6, 1933 – April 23, 2019) was an American computer scientist. He was one of the founding researchers in the discipline of artificial intelligence.[1] He was the first Kumagai Professor of Engineering in Computer Science at Stanford University, a position he held from the Chair's establishment in 1990 until his death. He is particularly known for his contributions to search, planning, knowledge representation, and robotics.[1]

Shakey at the Computer History Museum, Mountain View, California

Early life and education

Nilsson was born in Saginaw, Michigan, in 1933.[1][2] He received his Ph.D. from Stanford in 1958, and spent much of his career at SRI International, a private research lab spun off from Stanford.[1][3]

Career

The creators of Shakey in 2017; Nilsson is fifth from the left

SRI International

Starting in 1966, Nilsson, along with Charles A. Rosen and Bertram Raphael, led a research team in the construction of Shakey, a robot that constructed a model of its environment from sensor data, reasoned about that environment to arrive at a plan of action, then carried that plan out by sending commands to its motors.[1][3] This paradigm has been enormously influential in AI.[1][3] Textbooks such as (Charniak & McDermott 1985), (Ginsberg 1993) and the first edition of (Russell & Norvig 1992) show this influence in almost every chapter.[1][3] Although the basic idea of using logical reasoning to decide on actions is due to John McCarthy (McCarthy), Nilsson's group was the first to embody it in a complete agent, along the way inventing the A* search algorithm (Hart, Nilsson & Raphael 1968) and founding the field of automated temporal planning.[1][3] In the latter pursuit, they invented the STRIPS planner (Fikes & Nilsson 1971), whose action representation is still the basis of many of today's planning algorithms. The subfield of automated temporal planning called classical planning is based on most of the assumptions built into STRIPS.[1][3]

Stanford University

In 1985, Nilsson became a faculty member at Stanford University, in the Computer Science Department.[3] He was chair of the department from 1985 to 1990.[3] He was the fourth President of the AAAI (1982–83) and a Founding Fellow of that organization.[3] Nilsson wrote or coauthored several books on AI, including two that have been especially widely read (Nilsson 1980, Genesereth & Nilsson 1987).[1][3]

Awards and memberships

In 2011, Nilsson was inducted into IEEE Intelligent Systems' AI's Hall of Fame for the "significant contributions to the field of AI and intelligent systems".[3][4][5]

Personal life

Nilsson married Karen Braucht in 1958, and had two children with her, Lars Nilsson and Kristin Nilsson Farley. After Braucht died in 1991, Nilsson married his second wife, Grace Abbott, and had four stepchildren.[1]

On April 23, 2019, Nilsson died at his home in Medford, Oregon, at the age of 86.[1][3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Markoff, John (April 25, 2019). "Nils Nilsson, 86, dies; scientist helped robots find their way". The New York Times. Retrieved April 28, 2019.
  2. ^ https://prabook.com/web/mobile/#!profile/362375
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Myers, Andrew (April 24, 2019). "Nils Nilsson, pioneer in robotics and artificial intelligence, dies at 86". Stanford.edu. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  4. ^ "AI's Hall of Fame". IEEE Intelligent Systems. 26 (4): 5–15. 2011. doi:10.1109/MIS.2011.64.
  5. ^ "IEEE Computer Society Magazine Honors Artificial Intelligence Leaders". DigitalJournal.com. August 24, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2011. Press release source: PRWeb (Vocus).

Further reading

  • Charniak, Eugene; McDermott, Drew (1985), Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley
  • Genesereth, Michael; Nilsson, Nils (1987), Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann
  • Ginsberg, Matthew (1993), Essentials of Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.
  • McCarthy, John (1968) [1960], M. Minsky (ed.), "Programs with common sense", Proceedings of the Teddington Conference on the Mechanization of Thought Processes, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, pp. 403–418
  • Nilsson, Nils (2014), Understanding Beliefs, MIT Press.
  • Nilsson, Nils (1980), Principles of Artificial Intelligence., Palo Alto: Tioga Publishing Company
  • Russell, Stuart; Norvig, Peter (1992), Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (1st ed.), Prentice Hall
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Nils_John_Nilsson&oldid=894774705"