Gerrit Zalm: Difference between revisions

Gerrit Zalm
Gerrit Zalm
	Gerrit Zalm in 2005
Minister of Economic Affairs
	In office; 3 July 2006 – 7 July 2006 ; Ad interim
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende
Preceded by	Laurens Jan Brinkhorst
Succeeded by	Joop Wijn
Deputy Prime Minister
	In office; 27 May 2003 – 22 February 2007 Serving with Thom de Graaf (2003–2005) ; Laurens Jan Brinkhorst (2005–2006)
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende
Preceded by	Johan Remkes ; Roelf de Boer
Succeeded by	Wouter Bos ; André Rouvoet
Parliamentary leader in the ; House of Representatives
	In office; 23 May 2002 – 27 May 2003
Preceded by	Hans Dijkstal
Succeeded by	Jozias van Aartsen
Parliamentary group	People's Party for ; Freedom and Democracy
Leader of the People's Party ; for Freedom and Democracy
	In office; 16 May 2002 – 27 November 2004
Deputy	See list Annemarie Jorritsma ; (2002–2003) ; Jozias van Aartsen ; (2002–2004);
Preceded by	Hans Dijkstal
Succeeded by	Jozias van Aartsen
Member of the House of Representatives
	In office; 23 May 2002 – 27 May 2003
	In office; 19 May 1998 – 3 August 1998
Parliamentary group	People's Party for ; Freedom and Democracy
Minister of Finance
	In office; 27 May 2003 – 22 February 2007
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende
Preceded by	Hans Hoogervorst
Succeeded by	Wouter Bos
	In office; 20 June 1996 – 22 July 2002
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Hans Wijers (Ad interim)
Succeeded by	Hans Hoogervorst
	In office; 22 August 1994 – 1 June 1996
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Wim Kok
Succeeded by	Hans Wijers (Ad interim)
Director of the Bureau for ; Economic Policy Analysis
	In office; 1 January 1989 – 22 August 1994
Preceded by	Peter de Ridder
Succeeded by	Henk Don
Personal details
Born	Gerrit Zalm; 6 May 1952 (age 72); Enkhuizen, Netherlands
Political party	People's Party for ; Freedom and Democracy ; (from 1982)
Other political; affiliations	Labour Party (1971–1981)
Spouse(s)	First wife (m. 1971; div. 1978) ; Lydia Brouwer (m. 1982)
Children	3 sons and 2 daughters
Residence(s)	The Hague, Netherlands
Alma mater	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; (Bachelor of Economics, Master of Economics)
Occupation	Politician · Civil servant · Economist · Financial analyst · Financial adviser · Businessman · Banker · Corporate director · Professor

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Gerrit Zalm (born 6 May 1952) is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and businessman.

Zalm a economist by occupation, worked as a civil servant for the Ministry of Finance from 1975 until 1983 and for the Ministry of Economic Affairs from 1983 until 1988. Zalm served as Deputy Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis from 1 January 1988 until 1 January 1989 when he became the Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, serving from 1 January 1989 until 22 August 1994.

After the election of 1994 Zalm was appointed as Minister of Finance in the Cabinet Kok I, serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. After the election of 1998 Zalm was appointed as Informateur together with incumbent Prime Minister Wim Kok of the Labour Party (PvdA) and Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport Els Borst of the Democrats 66 (D66) to make a new coalition agreement that resulted in the formation of the Cabinet Kok II with Zalm continuing as Minister of Finance, serving from 3 August 1998 until 22 July 2002.

Following the election of 2002 the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy suffered a defeat in the election losing 14 seats and now had 24 seats in the House of Representatives. Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy and Parliamentary leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy in the House of Representatives Hans Dijkstal accepted responsibility for the defeat and sequentially announced he was stepping down. Zalm as unofficial Deputy Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy was selected as the new Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy on 16 May 2002. Zalm who was elected to the House of Representatives after the election, returned as a Member of the House of Representatives on 23 May 2002 and became the Parliamentary leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy in the House of Representatives that same day.

For the election of 2003 Zalm was the Lijsttrekker (top candidate) and won four new seats in the House of Representatives. After a formation period a coalition agreement with the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and Democrats 66 (D66) was made which formed the Cabinet Balkenende II. Zalm became Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance serving from 27 May 2003 until 22 February 2007. Zalm served as Minister of Economic Affairs from 3 July 2006 until 7 July 2006 following the resignation of Laurens Jan Brinkhorst.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Zalm retired from active politics at the age of fifty-four. Following the end of his active political career, he became active in the finance industry. Zalm was a financial adviser for the DSB Bank from 1 July 2007 until 1 January 2008 and served as chief financial officer of the DSB Bank from 1 January 2008 until 1 January 2009. Zalm became a corporate director for ABN AMRO serving from 23 December 2008 until 28 February 2008 when he was appointed as CEO and Chairman of ABN AMRO. On 1 April 2010 he became interim CEO and Chairman of Fortis Bank Nederland until it was integrated into the new ABN AMRO Group on 1 July 2010. Zalm served as CEO and Chairman of both ABN AMRO and the ABN AMRO Group until his retirement on 1 February 2017.^[4]

Zalm is known for his abilities as a manager and consensus builder. He holds the distinction of being the longest serving Minister of Finance.^[5]^[6]

Biography

Early life

Following his graduation from high school ("HBS-A" level) in Enkhuizen, Zalm began a study in economics at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, from which he graduated in 1975. In the same year he joined the Ministry of Finance. From 1983 he worked for the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where he eventually became a director. In 1988 he was appointed deputy director of the Centraal Planbureau, a state institution that, among other things, calculates the financial effects of government plans. In 1989 he became director of this institute. In that capacity Zalm had, although not formally a politician, a significant influence on politics. From 1990 he also gave lectures at the Vrije Universiteit.

Politics

Between 22 August 1994 and 22 July 2002, Zalm, member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, was Minister of Finance in the first and second Wim Kok administrations. The Dutch economy being very healthy during those years, he did not experience large difficulties. However, he did introduce certain standards that are in effect until now, among which the Zalmnorm (Zalm standard) which describes a state policy by which the state does not respond extremely to economic fluctuations but just counteracts them.During the first, short Balkenende administration, Zalm was the acting leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy group in parliament. On 27 May 2003 he started his third term as Minister of Finance, in the second Balkenende administration, also serving as Deputy Prime Minister. On 30 June 2006, he succeeded Laurens Jan Brinkhorst as Minister of Economic Affairs, ad interim, with most tasks delegated to Undersecretary Karien van Gennip. On 7 July 2006 Joop Wijn was appointed as the new Minister of Economic Affairs.

Banking

On 26 November 2006, Zalm announced in the Sunday morning talk show Buitenhof that he would step down from politics and would probably seek employment in the private sector. Three months after his 2007 retirement from politics, Zalm went to work for DSB Bank, a company that he had criticized in his earlier role as finance minister for what he considered misleading advertising for consumer credit. He initially held the position of chief economist, but quickly became CFO of the faltering bank after the Dutch central bank DNB had threatened to curtail DSB's financial autonomy.

On 21 November 2008 it was announced by Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende that Zalm will be the new CEO of the bank resulting from the merger of ABN and Fortis Netherlands, two recently nationalized banks. This new position came under scrutiny after Zalm's previous employer DSB went bankrupt in 2009. The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (AFM) and the central bank both investigated Zalm's role in DSB's final years, with AFM concluding that he was "not competent" and should be dismissed from ABN AMRO's board, while DNB decided to keep Zalm in his position.

Personal

Zalm is a fan of Pinball and during his second term as Minister of Finance he had a pinball machine in his department. He is an honorary member of the Dutch Pinball Association.^[7] In 2004 he had a cameo appearance in the movie Cool! by Theo van Gogh. In January 2019, in an episode of the Dutch version of Who Do You Think You Are?, it became known that Zalm is related to rebel leader and pirate Pier Gerlofs Donia, through his mother's family.

Decorations

Ribbon bar	Honour	Country	Date	Comment
Honours
	Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau	Netherlands	11 April 2007	Elevated from Officer (10 December 2002)

Honorary degrees

University	Field	Country	Date	Comment
Honorary degrees
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam	Economics	Netherlands	20 October 2008

References

^ Template:Nl icon "De enige linkse liberaal van Nederland". NRC Handelsblad. 14 September 1992. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Gerrit Zalm is de nieuwe VVD-leider". NU.nl. 16 May 2002. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Kabinet-Balkenende II is zo goed als rond". Trouw. 22 May 2003. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Gerrit Zalm stopt eerder dan verwacht bij ABN Amro". NU.nl. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Zalm op een na beste minister van Financiën". Trouw. 1 November 2006. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Verkiezing van de Beste Minister van Financiën". Historisch Nieuwsblad. 15 May 2009. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
^ Template:Nl icon "Twintig jaar pinball in de Polder". Trouw. 8 October 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.

External links

Official

Template:Nl icon Dr. G. (Gerrit) Zalm Parlement & Politiek

Party political offices
Preceded by Benk Korthals	Deputy Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 1998–2002 Served alongside: Annemarie Jorritsma	Succeeded by Jozias van Aartsen
Preceded by Hans Dijkstal	Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 2002–2004	Succeeded by Jozias van Aartsen
Preceded by Hans Dijkstal	Parliamentary leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy in the House of Representatives 2002–2003	Succeeded by Jozias van Aartsen
Preceded by Hans Dijkstal 2002	Lijsttrekker of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 2003	Succeeded by Mark Rutte 2006
Political offices
Preceded by Wim Kok	Minister of Finance 1994–1996 1996–2002 2003–2007	Succeeded by Hans Wijers Ad interim
Preceded by Hans Wijers Ad interim		Succeeded by Hans Hoogervorst
Preceded by Hans Hoogervorst		Succeeded by Wouter Bos
Preceded by Johan Remkes Roelf de Boer	Deputy Prime Minister 2003–2007 Served alongside: Thom de Graaf (2003–2005) Laurens Jan Brinkhorst (2005–2006)	Succeeded by Wouter Bos André Rouvoet
Preceded by Laurens Jan Brinkhorst	Minister of Economic Affairs Ad interim 2006	Succeeded by Joop Wijn
Civic offices
Preceded by Unknown	Deputy Director-General of the Department for Budgetary Affairs of the Ministry of Finance 1981–1983	Succeeded by Unknown
Preceded by Unknown	Deputy Director-General of the Department for General Economic Policy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1983–1985	Succeeded by Unknown
Preceded by Unknown	Director-General of the Department for General Economic Policy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1985–1988	Succeeded by Unknown
Preceded by Unknown	Deputy Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis 1988–1989	Succeeded by Unknown
Preceded by Peter de Ridder	Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis 1989–1994	Succeeded by Henk Don
Business positions
Preceded by Unknown	CFO of the DSB Bank 2007–2008	Succeeded by Frank de Grave
Preceded by Rijkman Groenink	CEO and Chairman of ABN AMRO 2009–2017	Succeeded by Kees van Dijkhuizen
Preceded by Office established	CEO and Chairman of Fortis Bank Nederland 2010	Succeeded by Office discontinued
Preceded by Office established	CEO and Chairman of ABN AMRO Group 2010–2017	Succeeded by Kees van Dijkhuizen

[1] Template:Nl icon "De enige linkse liberaal van Nederland". NRC Handelsblad. 14 September 1992. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[2] Template:Nl icon "Gerrit Zalm is de nieuwe VVD-leider". NU.nl. 16 May 2002. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[3] Template:Nl icon "Kabinet-Balkenende II is zo goed als rond". Trouw. 22 May 2003. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[4] Template:Nl icon "Gerrit Zalm stopt eerder dan verwacht bij ABN Amro". NU.nl. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[5] Template:Nl icon "Zalm op een na beste minister van Financiën". Trouw. 1 November 2006. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[6] Template:Nl icon "Verkiezing van de Beste Minister van Financiën". Historisch Nieuwsblad. 15 May 2009. Retrieved 21 July 2017.

[7] Template:Nl icon "Twintig jaar pinball in de Polder". Trouw. 8 October 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 |term_start3        = 16 May 2002
 |term_end3          = 27 November 2004
+|deputy3            = {{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[Annemarie Jorritsma]] <br/> <small>(2002–2003)</small> <br/> [[Jozias van Aartsen]] <br/> <small>(2002–2004)</small>}}
 |predecessor3       = [[Hans Dijkstal]]
 |successor3         = [[Jozias van Aartsen]]
@@ Line 63: / Line 64: @@
 |nationality        = [[Netherlands|Dutch]]
 |party              = [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|People's Party for <br/> Freedom and Democracy]] <br/> <small>(from 1982)</small>
-|otherparty         = [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] <br/> <small>(1971–1981)</small>
+|otherparty         = [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] <small>(1971–1981)</small>
 |spouse             = {{marriage|First wife|1971|1978|reason=divorced}} <br/> {{marriage|Lydia Brouwer|1982}}
 |children           = 3 sons and 2 daughters
@@ Line 75: / Line 76: @@
 '''Gerrit Zalm''' (born 6 May 1952) is a retired [[Netherlands|Dutch]] politician of the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (VVD) and businessman.
+Zalm a economist by occupation, worked as a civil servant for the [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Ministry of Finance]] from 1975 until 1983 and for the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy (Netherlands)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]] from 1983 until 1988. Zalm served as Deputy Director of the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis]] from 1 January 1988 until 1 January 1989 when he became the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis]], serving from 1 January 1989 until 22 August 1994.
-Zalm a [[economist]] by occupation, worked as a [[Civil service|civil servant]] and [[financial analyst]] for the [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Ministry of Finance]] from 1975 until 1983 and for the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Netherlands)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]] from 1983 until 1988. From 1 January 1988 until 1 January 1989 Zalm worked for the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis]] as Deputy Director and became [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis]] on 1 January 1989. Zalm became a professor of [[economic policy]] at the [[Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]] on 1 February 1990. After the [[Dutch general election, 1994|election of 1994]] Zalm was asked to become [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] in the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]], Zalm accepted and resigned as [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Director of the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis]] and as a professor the same day he took office as the new [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] on 22 August 1994. Zalm remained [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] in the [[Second Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok II]] following the [[Dutch general election, 1998|election of 1998]] and served as a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] from 19 May 1998 until 3 August 1998. After the [[Dutch general election, 2002|election of 2002]], [[Hans Dijkstal]] the [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] announced his resignation after a disappointing result in the election and stood down as [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] on 16 May 2002 with Zalm elected to succeed him. Zalm served as the [[Parliamentary leader]] of the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] and a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] from 23 May 2002 until 27 May 2003. For the [[Dutch general election, 2003|election of 2003]] Zalm was the [[Lijsttrekker]] (top candidate) and won four new seats in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]. After a [[2003 Dutch cabinet formation|formation]] period a coalition agreement with the [[Christian Democratic Appeal]] (CDA) and [[Democrats 66]] (D66) was made which formed the [[Second Balkenende cabinet|Cabinet Balkenende II]]. Zalm became [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] serving from 27 May 2003 until 22 February 2007. Zalm served as [[Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Environment (Netherlands)|Minister of Economic Affairs]] from 3 July 2006 until 7 July 2006 following the resignation of [[Laurens Jan Brinkhorst]].<ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/1992/09/14/de-enige-linkse-liberaal-van-nederland-profiel-van-7155912-a664615|title=De enige linkse liberaal van Nederland|date=14 September 1992|publisher=NRC Handelsblad|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=http://www.nu.nl/algemeen/43172/gerrit-zalm-is-de-nieuwe-vvd-leider.html|title=Gerrit Zalm is de nieuwe VVD-leider|date=16 May 2002|publisher=NU.nl|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/kabinet-balkenende-ii-is-zo-goed-als-rond~a736386/|title=Kabinet-Balkenende II is zo goed als rond|date=22 May 2003|publisher=Trouw|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref>
+After the [[1994 Dutch general election|election of 1994]] Zalm was appointed as [[List of Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands|Minister of Finance]] in the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]], serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. After the [[1998 Dutch general election|election of 1998]] Zalm was appointed as [[Formateur#Informateur|Informateur]] together with incumbent Prime Minister [[Wim Kok]] of the [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Labour Party]] (PvdA) and [[List of Ministers of Health of the Netherlands|Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport]] [[Els Borst]] of the [[Democrats 66]] (D66) to make a new coalition agreement that resulted in the formation of the  [[Second Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok II]] with Zalm continuing as [[List of Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands|Minister of Finance]], serving from 3 August 1998 until 22 July 2002.
+Following the [[2002 Dutch general election|election of 2002]] the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] suffered a defeat in the election losing 14 seats and now had 24 seats in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]. [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] and [[Parliamentary leader]] of the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] [[Hans Dijkstal]] accepted responsibility for the defeat and sequentially announced he was stepping down. Zalm as unofficial [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy#Deputy Leaders|Deputy Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] was selected as the new [[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] on 16 May 2002. Zalm who was elected to the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] after the [[2002 Dutch general election|election]], returned as a [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|Member of the House of Representatives]] on 23 May 2002 and became the [[Parliamentary leader]] of the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]] that same day.
+For the [[Dutch general election, 2003|election of 2003]] Zalm was the [[Lijsttrekker]] (top candidate) and won four new seats in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]. After a [[2003 Dutch cabinet formation|formation]] period a coalition agreement with the [[Christian Democratic Appeal]] (CDA) and [[Democrats 66]] (D66) was made which formed the [[Second Balkenende cabinet|Cabinet Balkenende II]]. Zalm became [[Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands|Deputy Prime Minister]] and [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] serving from 27 May 2003 until 22 February 2007. Zalm served as [[Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Environment (Netherlands)|Minister of Economic Affairs]] from 3 July 2006 until 7 July 2006 following the resignation of [[Laurens Jan Brinkhorst]].<ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/1992/09/14/de-enige-linkse-liberaal-van-nederland-profiel-van-7155912-a664615|title=De enige linkse liberaal van Nederland|date=14 September 1992|publisher=NRC Handelsblad|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=http://www.nu.nl/algemeen/43172/gerrit-zalm-is-de-nieuwe-vvd-leider.html|title=Gerrit Zalm is de nieuwe VVD-leider|date=16 May 2002|publisher=NU.nl|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/kabinet-balkenende-ii-is-zo-goed-als-rond~a736386/|title=Kabinet-Balkenende II is zo goed als rond|date=22 May 2003|publisher=Trouw|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref>
 Zalm retired from active politics at the age of fifty-four. Following the end of his active political career, he became active in the finance industry. Zalm was a [[financial adviser]] for the [[DSB Bank]] from 1 July 2007 until 1 January 2008 and served as [[chief financial officer]] of the [[DSB Bank]] from 1 January 2008 until 1 January 2009. Zalm became a [[Board of directors|corporate director]] for [[ABN AMRO]] serving from 23 December 2008 until 28 February 2008 when he was appointed as [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] and [[Chairman]] of [[ABN AMRO]]. On 1 April 2010 he became interim [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] and [[Chairman]] of [[Fortis Bank Nederland]] until it was integrated into the new [[ABN AMRO Group]] on 1 July 2010. Zalm served as [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] and [[Chairman]] of both [[ABN AMRO]] and the [[ABN AMRO Group]] until his retirement on 1 February 2017.<ref>{{nl icon}} {{cite web|url=http://www.nu.nl/economie/4320611/gerrit-zalm-stopt-eerder-dan-verwacht-bij-abn-amro.html|title=Gerrit Zalm stopt eerder dan verwacht bij ABN Amro|date=13 September 2016|publisher=NU.nl|access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref>
@@ Line 139: / Line 146: @@
 {{s-start}}
 {{s-ppo}}
-{{s-bef|before=[[Hans Dijkstal]] <br/> [[2002 Dutch general election|2002]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Benk Korthals]]}}
-{{s-ttl|title=[[Lijsttrekker]] of the <br/> [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|People's Party for <br/> Freedom and Democracy]]|years=[[2003 Dutch general election|2003]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy#Deputy Leaders|Deputy Leader of the People's Party <br/> for Freedom and Democracy]]|years=1998–2002|alongside=[[Annemarie Jorritsma]]}}
-{{s-aft|after=[[Mark Rutte]] <br/> [[2006 Dutch general election|2006]]}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Jozias van Aartsen]]}}
 {{s-bef|before=[[Hans Dijkstal]]|rows=2}}
 {{s-ttl|title=[[Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|Leader of the People's Party <br/> for Freedom and Democracy]]|years=2002–2004}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[Jozias van Aartsen]]|rows=2}}
 {{s-ttl|title=[[Parliamentary leader]] of the <br/> [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] <br/> in the [[House of Representatives (Netherlands)|House of Representatives]]|years=2002–2003}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Hans Dijkstal]] <br/> [[2002 Dutch general election|2002]]}}
-{{s-civ}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Lijsttrekker]] of the <br/> [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|People's Party for <br/> Freedom and Democracy]]|years=[[2003 Dutch general election|2003]]}}
-{{s-bef|before=[[Peter de Ridder]]}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Mark Rutte]] <br/> [[2006 Dutch general election|2006]]}}
-{{s-ttl|title=Director of the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Bureau for <br/> Economic Policy Analysis]]|years=1989–1994}}
-{{s-aft|after=[[Henk Don]]}}
 {{s-off}}
 {{s-bef|before=[[Wim Kok]]}}
@@ Line 164: / Line 171: @@
 {{s-ttl|title=[[List of Ministers of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Economic Affairs]] <br/> <small>''Ad interim''</small>|years=2006}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[Joop Wijn]]}}
+{{s-civ}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Deputy Director-General of the <br/> Department for Budgetary Affairs <br/> of the [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Ministry of Finance]]|years=1981–1983}}
+{{s-aft|after=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Deputy Director-General of the <br/> Department for General Economic Policy <br/> of the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy (Netherlands)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]]|years=1983–1985}}
+{{s-aft|after=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Director-General of the Department for <br/> General Economic Policy of the <br/> [[Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy (Netherlands)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]]|years=1985–1988}}
+{{s-aft|after=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Deputy Director of the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Bureau for <br/> Economic Policy Analysis]]|years=1988–1989}}
+{{s-aft|after=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Peter de Ridder]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Director of the [[Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis|Bureau for <br/> Economic Policy Analysis]]|years=1989–1994}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Henk Don]]}}
 {{s-bus}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=CFO of the [[DSB Bank]]|years=2007–2008}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Frank de Grave]]}}
 {{s-bef|before=[[Rijkman Groenink]]}}
 {{s-ttl|title=CEO and Chairman of <br/> [[ABN AMRO]]|years=2009–2017}}
@@ Line 186: / Line 212: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Zalm, Gerrit}}
 [[Category:1952 births]]
+[[Category:Living people]]
 [[Category:Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
 [[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands]]
@@ Line 197: / Line 224: @@
 [[Category:Dutch financial analysts]]
 [[Category:Honorary Members of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]]
-[[Category:Living people]]
 [[Category:Financial economists]]
-[[Category:Political economists]]
 [[Category:Leaders of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]]
 [[Category:Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)]]
@@ Line 207: / Line 232: @@
 [[Category:People from The Hague]]
 [[Category:People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians]]
+[[Category:Political economists]]
 [[Category:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni]]
 [[Category:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam faculty]]

v t e Third Balkenende cabinet (2006–2007)
Preceded by: Second Balkenende cabinet Succeeded by: Fourth Balkenende cabinet
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Minister	Gerrit Zalm (Finance)
Ministers	Johan Remkes (Interior) Ben Bot (Foreign Affairs) Piet Hein Donner (Justice) (2006) Rita Verdonk (Justice) (ad interim) Ernst Hirsch Ballin (Justice) (from 2006) Joop Wijn (Economic Affairs) Henk Kamp (Defence) Hans Hoogervorst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Maria van der Hoeven (Education, Culture and Science) Karla Peijs (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Cees Veerman (Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) Aart Jan de Geus (Social Affairs and Employment) Sybilla Dekker (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) (2006) Pieter Winsemius (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment) (from 2006)
Ministers without portfolio	Rita Verdonk (Integration and Immigration) Atzo Nicolaï (Government Reform and Kingdom Relations) Agnes van Ardenne (Development Cooperation)
State secretaries	Karien van Gennip (Economic Affairs) Cees van der Knaap (Defence) Clémence Ross-van Dorp (Health, Welfare and Sport) Bruno Bruins (Education, Culture and Science) Melanie Schultz van Haegen (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Henk van Hoof (Social Affairs and Employment) Pieter van Geel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)

v t e Second Balkenende cabinet (2003–2006)
^{Preceded by: First Balkenende cabinet · Succeeded by: Third Balkenende cabinet}
Prime Minister	Jan Peter Balkenende (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Gerrit Zalm (Finance) Thom de Graaf (Government Reform and Kingdom Relations) (2003–2005) Laurens Jan Brinkhorst (Economic Affairs) (2005–2006)
Ministers	Johan Remkes (Interior) Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (Foreign Affairs) (2003) Ben Bot (Foreign Affairs) (from 2003) Piet Hein Donner (Justice) Gerrit Zalm (Economic Affairs) (ad interim) Henk Kamp (Defence) Hans Hoogervorst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Maria van der Hoeven (Education, Culture and Science) Karla Peijs (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Cees Veerman (Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) Aart Jan de Geus (Social Affairs and Employment) Sybilla Dekker (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Ministers without portfolio	Rita Verdonk (Integration and Immigration) Agnes van Ardenne (Development Cooperation) Alexander Pechtold (Government Reform and Kingdom Relations) (2005–2006)
State secretaries	Atzo Nicolaï (Foreign Affairs) Joop Wijn (Finance) Karien van Gennip (Economic Affairs) Cees van der Knaap (Defence) Annette Nijs (Education, Culture and Science) (2003–2004) Medy van der Laan (Education, Culture and Science) Mark Rutte (Education, Culture and Science) (2004–2006) Bruno Bruins (Education, Culture and Science) (from 2006) Clémence Ross-van Dorp (Health, Welfare and Sport) Melanie Schultz van Haegen (Transport, Public Works and Water Management) Mark Rutte (Social Affairs and Employment) (2003–2004) Henk van Hoof (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 2004) Pieter van Geel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)

v t e Second Kok cabinet (1998–2002)
Preceded by: First Kok cabinet Succeeded by: First Balkenende cabinet
Prime Minister	Wim Kok (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Annemarie Jorritsma (Economic Affairs) Els Borst (Health, Welfare and Sport)
Ministers	Bram Peper (Interior and Kingdom Relations) (1998–2000) Roger van Boxtel (Interior and Kingdom Relations) (Ad interim) Klaas de Vries (Interior and Kingdom Relations) (from 2000) Jozias van Aartsen (Foreign Affairs) Gerrit Zalm (Finance) Benk Korthals (Justice) Frank de Grave (Defence) Klaas de Vries (Social Affairs and Employment) (1998–2000) Willem Vermeend (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 2000) Loek Hermans (Education, Culture and Science) Tineke Netelenbos (Transport and Water Management) Haijo Apotheker (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (1998–1999) Klaas de Vries (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (Ad interim) Laurens Jan Brinkhorst (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) (from 1999) Jan Pronk (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Ministers without portfolio	Roger van Boxtel (Integration and Urban Planning) Eveline Herfkens (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Gijs de Vries (Interior and Kingdom Relations) Dick Benschop (Foreign Affairs) Willem Vermeend (Finance) (1998–2000) Wouter Bos (Finance) (from 2000) Job Cohen (Justice) (1998–2001) Ella Kalsbeek (Justice) (from 2001) Gerrit Ybema (Economic Affairs) Henk van Hoof (Defence) Margo Vliegenthart (Health, Welfare and Sport) Hans Hoogervorst (Social Affairs and Employment) Annelies Verstand (Social Affairs and Employment) Karin Adelmund (Education, Culture and Science) Rick van der Ploeg (Education, Culture and Science) Monique de Vries (Transport and Water Management) Geke Faber (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) Johan Remkes (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)

v t e First Kok cabinet (1994–1998)
Preceded by: Third Lubbers cabinet Succeeded by: Second Kok cabinet
Prime Minister	Wim Kok (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Hans Dijkstal (Interior) Hans van Mierlo (Foreign Affairs)
Ministers	Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1994–1996) Hans Wijers (Finance) (Ad interim) Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1996–1998) Winnie Sorgdrager (Justice) Hans Wijers (Economic Affairs) Joris Voorhoeve (Defence) Els Borst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Ad Melkert (Social Affairs and Employment) Jo Ritzen (Education, Culture and Science) Annemarie Jorritsma (Transport and Water Management) Jozias van Aartsen (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) Margreeth de Boer (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Minister without portfolios	Joris Voorhoeve (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) Jan Pronk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Tonny van de Vondervoort (Interior) Jacob Kohnstamm (Interior) Michiel Patijn (Foreign Affairs) Willem Vermeend (Finance) Elizabeth Schmitz (Justice) Anneke van Dok-van Weele (Economic Affairs) Jan Gmelich Meijling (Defence) Erica Terpstra (Health, Welfare and Sport) Robin Linschoten (Social Affairs and Employment) (1994–1996) Frank de Grave (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 1996) Tineke Netelenbos (Education, Culture and Science) Aad Nuis (Education, Culture and Science) Monique de Vries (Transport and Water Management) Dick Tommel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)