Post-maturity syndrome: Difference between revisions
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'''Post-maturity syndrome''' develops in about 20% of human pregnancies continuing past the expected dates.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mohd |first=Jasmine |author2=K. H. Tan |author3=George S. H. Yeo |date=May–June 2008 |title=Induction of labour and Perinatal outcome in Post-term Pregnancy |journal=Journal of Paediatrics, Obstetric & Gynaecology |publisher=[[United Business Media|CMPMedica]] |pages=107–114 |url=http://live.asia.cmpmedica.com/library/files/JPOG_0805_06_InductLabour_Peri_LR.pdf }}</ref> Features of post-maturity syndrome include oligohydramnios, meconium aspiration, macrosomia and fetal problems such as dry peeling skin, overgrown nails, abundant scalp hair, visible creases on palms and soles, minimal fat deposition and skin colour become green or yellow due to meconeum staining.Postmaturity refers to any baby born after 42 weeks gestation or 294 days past the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. Less than 6 percent of all babies are born at 42 weeks or later.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=postmaturity-90-P02399|title=default - Stanford Children's Health|website=www.stanfordchildrens.org|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref> The terms Post-maturity or "Post-term" are both words used to describe babies born after 42 weeks.The terms "post-maturity" and "post-term" are interchangeable.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/postmaturity|title=Postmaturity|last=Philadelphia|first=The Children's Hospital of|date=2014-08-23|website=www.chop.edu|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Post-maturity is more likely to happen when a mother has had a post-term pregnancy before. After one post-term pregnancy, the risk of a second post-term birth increases by 2 to 3 times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=14524|title=Definition of Postmaturity|website=MedicineNet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Other, minor risk factors include an older or obese mother, a white mother, male baby, or a family history of post-maturity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02399|title=Postmaturity in the Newborn - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center|website=www.urmc.rochester.edu|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Maternal risks include obstructed labor, perennial damage, instrumental vaginal delivery, a Cesarean section, infection, and post postpartum hemorrhage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://patient.info/doctor/post-term-pregnancy-prolonged-pregnancy|title=Post-term Pregnancy (Prolonged Pregnancy). Postmaturity|website=patient.info|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Accurate pregnancy due dates can help identify babies at risk for post-maturity. Ultrasound examinations early in pregnancy help establish more accurate dating by measurements taken of the fetus.<ref name=":0" /> |
'''Post-maturity syndrome''' develops in about 20% of human pregnancies continuing past the expected dates.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mohd |first=Jasmine |author2=K. H. Tan |author3=George S. H. Yeo |date=May–June 2008 |title=Induction of labour and Perinatal outcome in Post-term Pregnancy |journal=Journal of Paediatrics, Obstetric & Gynaecology |publisher=[[United Business Media|CMPMedica]] |pages=107–114 |url=http://live.asia.cmpmedica.com/library/files/JPOG_0805_06_InductLabour_Peri_LR.pdf }}</ref> Features of post-maturity syndrome include oligohydramnios, meconium aspiration, macrosomia and fetal problems such as dry peeling skin, overgrown nails, abundant scalp hair, visible creases on palms and soles, minimal fat deposition and skin colour become green or yellow due to meconeum staining.Postmaturity refers to any baby born after 42 weeks gestation or 294 days past the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. Less than 6 percent of all babies are born at 42 weeks or later.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=postmaturity-90-P02399|title=default - Stanford Children's Health|website=www.stanfordchildrens.org|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref> The terms Post-maturity or "Post-term" are both words used to describe babies born after 42 weeks.The terms "post-maturity" and "post-term" are interchangeable.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/postmaturity|title=Postmaturity|last=Philadelphia|first=The Children's Hospital of|date=2014-08-23|website=www.chop.edu|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>As there are many definitions for prolonged pregnancy the incidence varies from 2 to 10%.When incidence is taken as delivery beyond 42 weeks it is 10%, if it is taken according to the delivered baby’s weight and length it is 2%.Post-maturity is more likely to happen when a mother has had a post-term pregnancy before. After one post-term pregnancy, the risk of a second post-term birth increases by 2 to 3 times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=14524|title=Definition of Postmaturity|website=MedicineNet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Other, minor risk factors include an older or obese mother, a white mother, male baby, or a family history of post-maturity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02399|title=Postmaturity in the Newborn - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center|website=www.urmc.rochester.edu|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Maternal risks include obstructed labor, perennial damage, instrumental vaginal delivery, a Cesarean section, infection, and post postpartum hemorrhage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://patient.info/doctor/post-term-pregnancy-prolonged-pregnancy|title=Post-term Pregnancy (Prolonged Pregnancy). Postmaturity|website=patient.info|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref>Accurate pregnancy due dates can help identify babies at risk for post-maturity. Ultrasound examinations early in pregnancy help establish more accurate dating by measurements taken of the fetus.<ref name=":0" /> |
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'''Clinical evidence of postmaturity:''' |
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'''Postmaturity syndrome:''' |
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'''The baby:''' may have birth weight of 4kg and length of 54 cm but these findings are variable, even the baby may have underweight. |
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The postmature infant presents with characteristic features of wrinkled, patchy, peeling of skin. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://srsree.blogspot.com/2012/03/postdated-or-prolonged-pregnancy.html|title=Postdated or prolonged pregnancy: definition,incidence,causes, diagnosis, risks and management.|website=srsree.blogspot.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-05-08}}</ref> |
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The syndrome was first described by Stewart H. Clifford in 1954.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Clifford |first=Stewart H. |date=January 1954 |title=Postmaturity—With placental dysfunction: Clinical syndrome and pathologic findings |journal=[[The Journal of Pediatrics]] |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=1–13 |issn=0022-3476 |doi=10.1016/S0022-3476(54)80085-0 |pmid=13131191}}</ref> |
The syndrome was first described by Stewart H. Clifford in 1954.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Clifford |first=Stewart H. |date=January 1954 |title=Postmaturity—With placental dysfunction: Clinical syndrome and pathologic findings |journal=[[The Journal of Pediatrics]] |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=1–13 |issn=0022-3476 |doi=10.1016/S0022-3476(54)80085-0 |pmid=13131191}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 17:16, 8 May 2019
Post-maturity syndrome develops in about 20% of human pregnancies continuing past the expected dates.[1] Features of post-maturity syndrome include oligohydramnios, meconium aspiration, macrosomia and fetal problems such as dry peeling skin, overgrown nails, abundant scalp hair, visible creases on palms and soles, minimal fat deposition and skin colour become green or yellow due to meconeum staining.Postmaturity refers to any baby born after 42 weeks gestation or 294 days past the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. Less than 6 percent of all babies are born at 42 weeks or later.[2] The terms Post-maturity or "Post-term" are both words used to describe babies born after 42 weeks.The terms "post-maturity" and "post-term" are interchangeable.[3]As there are many definitions for prolonged pregnancy the incidence varies from 2 to 10%.When incidence is taken as delivery beyond 42 weeks it is 10%, if it is taken according to the delivered baby’s weight and length it is 2%.Post-maturity is more likely to happen when a mother has had a post-term pregnancy before. After one post-term pregnancy, the risk of a second post-term birth increases by 2 to 3 times.[4]Other, minor risk factors include an older or obese mother, a white mother, male baby, or a family history of post-maturity.[5]Maternal risks include obstructed labor, perennial damage, instrumental vaginal delivery, a Cesarean section, infection, and post postpartum hemorrhage.[6]Accurate pregnancy due dates can help identify babies at risk for post-maturity. Ultrasound examinations early in pregnancy help establish more accurate dating by measurements taken of the fetus.[3]
If there are no maternal or fetal complications, labour can be induced after assessing the favorability of the cervix and excluding cephalo-pelvic disproportions. Otherwise emergency lower segment Caesarean section (LSCS) should be made.
Clinical evidence of postmaturity:
Postmaturity syndrome:
(picture)
The baby: may have birth weight of 4kg and length of 54 cm but these findings are variable, even the baby may have underweight.
The postmature infant presents with characteristic features of wrinkled, patchy, peeling of skin. [7]
(picture)
The syndrome was first described by Stewart H. Clifford in 1954.[8]
References
- ^ Mohd, Jasmine; K. H. Tan; George S. H. Yeo (May–June 2008). "Induction of labour and Perinatal outcome in Post-term Pregnancy" (PDF). Journal of Paediatrics, Obstetric & Gynaecology. CMPMedica: 107–114.
- ^ "default - Stanford Children's Health". www.stanfordchildrens.org. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ a b Philadelphia, The Children's Hospital of (2014-08-23). "Postmaturity". www.chop.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ "Definition of Postmaturity". MedicineNet. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ "Postmaturity in the Newborn - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center". www.urmc.rochester.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ "Post-term Pregnancy (Prolonged Pregnancy). Postmaturity". patient.info. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ "Postdated or prolonged pregnancy: definition,incidence,causes, diagnosis, risks and management". srsree.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
- ^ Clifford, Stewart H. (January 1954). "Postmaturity—With placental dysfunction: Clinical syndrome and pathologic findings". The Journal of Pediatrics. 44 (1). Elsevier: 1–13. doi:10.1016/S0022-3476(54)80085-0. ISSN 0022-3476. PMID 13131191.
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