Akunakuna: Difference between revisions
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== Name == |
== Name == |
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The [[Igbo language|Igbo]] word ''akwünaakwüna'', originally referring to a town where the Akunakuna people live, was Anglicized to ''Akunakuna''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=New Dimensions in African Linguistics and Languages|last=Kotey|first=Paul|publisher=Africa World Press Inc.|year=1999|isbn=0-86543-664-9|location=Asmara, Eritrea|pages=297}}</ref> This [[Exonym and endonym|exonym]] takes no account for what the Akunakuna people actually call themselves in the [[Gwune language]], ''agwaGwunɛ'', though, they are related.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=African Language Review, Volume 4|last=Dalby|first=David|publisher=Routledge Publishing Group|year=1969|isbn=978-0-714-62332-0|location=London|pages=124}}</ref> |
The [[Igbo language|Igbo]] word ''akwünaakwüna'', originally referring to a town where the Akunakuna people live, was Anglicized to ''Akunakuna''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=New Dimensions in African Linguistics and Languages|last=Kotey|first=Paul|publisher=Africa World Press Inc.|year=1999|isbn=0-86543-664-9|location=Asmara, Eritrea|pages=297}}</ref> This [[Exonym and endonym|exonym]] takes no account for what the Akunakuna people actually call themselves in the [[Gwune language]], ''agwaGwunɛ'', though, they are related.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=African Language Review, Volume 4|last=Dalby|first=David|publisher=Routledge Publishing Group|year=1969|isbn=978-0-714-62332-0|location=London|pages=124}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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Revision as of 03:05, 10 May 2019
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The Akunakuna are an ethnic group of Nigeria and Cameroon, closely related to the Efik and Ibibio peoples[1], mostly inhabiting the area around the Cross River. Recent figures have indicated there are over three hundred fifty thousand Akunakuna people.[1][2]
Name
The Igbo word akwünaakwüna, originally referring to a town where the Akunakuna people live, was Anglicized to Akunakuna.[3] This exonym takes no account for what the Akunakuna people actually call themselves in the Gwune language, agwaGwunɛ, though, they are related.[4]
History
In 1846, the Umon attacked some Akunakuna canoes on the Cross River that were going to trade with the Efik, who had previously traded for European luxury goods[5]. This was used by the Akunakuna as a Casus Belli to go to war with the Umon. Though the war lasted for years, the Akunakuna eventually lost. Under the negotiation of the Efik, the result was as follows, the Akunakuna had to pay an annual tribute to the king of Umon, in return for "keeping peace over the river".[6] In 1888, a treaty was written with Akunakuna leaders giving the British full control to their land.[7]
References
- ^ a b "Akunakuna - Oxford Reference". Retrieved 2017-07-19.
- ^ Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Africana, 1st edition. New York: Basic Civitas Books, ISBN 0-465-00071-1.
- ^ Kotey, Paul (1999). New Dimensions in African Linguistics and Languages. Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press Inc. p. 297. ISBN 0-86543-664-9.
- ^ Dalby, David (1969). African Language Review, Volume 4. London: Routledge Publishing Group. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-714-62332-0.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:3was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Afigbo, Adiele (2005). Nigerian History, Politics and Affairs: The Collected Essays of Adiele Afigbo. Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press Inc. p. 163. ISBN 1-59221-324-3.
- ^ Parliamentary Papers, Volume 74. London: The Parliament of Great Britain. 1888. p. 97.