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{{Dutch name|familyname=[[De Vries]]|wrongname=Vries}}
{{Dutch name|familyname=[[De Vries]]|wrongname=Vries}}


'''Hessel de Vries''' (November 15, 1916 in [[Annen]] &ndash; December 23, 1959 in [[Groningen (city)|Groningen]]), was a Dutch physicist and professor at the [[University of Groningen]] who furthered the detection methods and applications of [[radiocarbon dating]] to a variety of sciences. The Nobel prize was awarded for in this field in 1960, however de Vries was not a contender, since the prize is not awarded posthumously and Hessel de Vries died in 1959 by committing suicide after murdering an analyst, Anneke Hoogeveen.<ref name="BWvN">{{cite book |chapter=Vries, Hessel de (1916-1959) |author=J. J. M. Engels |title=[[Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland]] |volume=5 |year=2002 |chapter-url=http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/BWN/lemmata/bwn5/vriesh |language=Dutch}}</ref> He has been called "the unsung hero of radiocarbon dating" by Eric&nbsp;Willis, the first director of the [[University of Cambridge Godwin Laboratory|radiocarbon-dating laboratory]] at the [[University of Cambridge]].<ref>Willis, E. H. (1996), ''Radiocarbon dating in Cambridge: some personal recollections. A Worm's Eye View of the Early Days'', [http://www.quaternary.group.cam.ac.uk/history/radiocarbon/].</ref> The 1960 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] was awarded to Libby for his radiocarbon-dating method.
'''Hessel de Vries''' (November 15, 1916 in [[Annen]] &ndash; December 23, 1959 in [[Groningen (city)|Groningen]]), was a Dutch physicist and professor at the [[University of Groningen]] who furthered the detection methods and applications of [[radiocarbon dating]] to a variety of sciences. The Nobel prize was awarded for in this field in 1960, however de Vries was not a contender, since the prize is not awarded posthumously and Hessel de Vries died in 1959 by committing suicide after murdering an analyst, Anneke Hoogeveen.<ref name="BWvN">{{cite book |chapter=Vries, Hessel de (1916-1959) |author=J. J. M. Engels |title=[[Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland]] |volume=5 |year=2002 |chapter-url=http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/BWN/lemmata/bwn5/vriesh |language=Dutch}}</ref> He has been called "the unsung hero of radiocarbon dating" by Eric&nbsp;Willis, the first director of the [[University of Cambridge Godwin Laboratory|radiocarbon-dating laboratory]] at the [[University of Cambridge]].<ref>Willis, E. H. (1996), ''Radiocarbon dating in Cambridge: some personal recollections. A Worm's Eye View of the Early Days'', [http://www.quaternary.group.cam.ac.uk/history/radiocarbon/].</ref> The 1960 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] was awarded to [[Willard Libby]] for his radiocarbon-dating method.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=de Waard|first=H.|date=1960-06-10|title=Hessel de Vries, Physicist and Biophysicist|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.131.3415.1720|journal=Science|language=en|volume=131|issue=3415|pages=1720–1721|doi=10.1126/science.131.3415.1720|issn=0036-8075}}</ref> His other major area of research included studies of human color vision and hearing.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=De Vries|first=H.|date=1956|title=Physical aspects of the sense organs|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13420192|journal=Progress in Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry|volume=6|pages=207–264|issn=0096-4174|pmid=13420192}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=de Waard|first=H.|date=1960-06-10|title=Hessel de Vries, Physicist and Biophysicist|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.131.3415.1720|journal=Science|language=en|volume=131|issue=3415|pages=1720–1721|doi=10.1126/science.131.3415.1720|issn=0036-8075}}</ref>De Vries became a member of the [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1956.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.dwc.knaw.nl/biografie/pmknaw/?pagetype=authorDetail&aId=PE00003667 |title=Hessel de Vries (1916 - 1959) |publisher=Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |date= |accessdate=24 January 2016}}</ref>


De Vries became a member of the [[Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1956.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.dwc.knaw.nl/biografie/pmknaw/?pagetype=authorDetail&aId=PE00003667 |title=Hessel de Vries (1916 - 1959) |publisher=Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |date= |accessdate=24 January 2016}}</ref>


==De Vries effect==
==De Vries effect==

Revision as of 11:09, 28 May 2019

Template:Dutch name

Hessel de Vries (November 15, 1916 in Annen – December 23, 1959 in Groningen), was a Dutch physicist and professor at the University of Groningen who furthered the detection methods and applications of radiocarbon dating to a variety of sciences. The Nobel prize was awarded for in this field in 1960, however de Vries was not a contender, since the prize is not awarded posthumously and Hessel de Vries died in 1959 by committing suicide after murdering an analyst, Anneke Hoogeveen.[1] He has been called "the unsung hero of radiocarbon dating" by Eric Willis, the first director of the radiocarbon-dating laboratory at the University of Cambridge.[2] The 1960 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Willard Libby for his radiocarbon-dating method.[3] His other major area of research included studies of human color vision and hearing.[4][5]De Vries became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1956.[6]

De Vries effect

In 1958, de Vries showed that baffling anomalies in the carbon-14 dates, observed by Willard Frank Libby for Egyptological samples, were in fact systematic anomalies on a global scale, represented in the carbon-14 dates of tree rings. This phenomenon has been called the "de Vries effect".[7] The correspondence with tree rings, which can be counted (one ring for each year), led to a recalibration of radiocarbon dating that was a large improvement in the accuracy.

Murder and suicide

De Vries committed suicide in 1959, after murdering a former analyst (Anneke Hoogeveen), with whom he was in love but who had become engaged to another man.[1][8]

References

  1. ^ a b J. J. M. Engels (2002). "Vries, Hessel de (1916-1959)". Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland (in Dutch). Vol. 5.
  2. ^ Willis, E. H. (1996), Radiocarbon dating in Cambridge: some personal recollections. A Worm's Eye View of the Early Days, [1].
  3. ^ de Waard, H. (1960-06-10). "Hessel de Vries, Physicist and Biophysicist". Science. 131 (3415): 1720–1721. doi:10.1126/science.131.3415.1720. ISSN 0036-8075.
  4. ^ De Vries, H. (1956). "Physical aspects of the sense organs". Progress in Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry. 6: 207–264. ISSN 0096-4174. PMID 13420192.
  5. ^ de Waard, H. (1960-06-10). "Hessel de Vries, Physicist and Biophysicist". Science. 131 (3415): 1720–1721. doi:10.1126/science.131.3415.1720. ISSN 0036-8075.
  6. ^ "Hessel de Vries (1916 - 1959)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  7. ^ Jan Šilar (2004). "Chapter 2. Radiocarbon". In Richard Tykva and Dieter Berg (ed.). Man-Made and Natural Radioactivity in Environmental Pollution and Radiochronology. Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 174. ISBN 1-4020-1860-6.
  8. ^ "Meisje doodgestoken in Groningen" [Girl stabbed to death in Groningen]. Utrechts Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 24 December 1959. p. 1.
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