Simian

For other uses, see Simian (disambiguation).

Simians
Hylobates lar
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Haplorrhini
Infraorder:	Simiiformes Haeckel, 1866
Families
Cebidae Aotidae Pitheciidae Atelidae Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae

The simians (infraorder Simiiformes) are the "higher primates" very common to most people: the monkeys and the apes, including humans. Simians tend to be larger than the "lower primates" or prosimians.

Classification and evolution

The simians are split into three groups. The first division is literally as wide as the Atlantic Ocean. The New World monkeys in Platyrrhini parvorder split from the simian line about 40 million years ago (mya), leaving the Catarrhini parvorder occupying the Old World. This group split about 25 mya between the Old World monkeys and the apes. Earlier classifications split the primates into two large groups: the "Prosimii" (strepsirrhines and tarsiers) and the simians in "Anthropoidea"(an'thro-poy'de-a)(Gr. anthropos, man).

• ORDER PRIMATES
  • Suborder Strepsirrhini: non-tarsier prosimians
  • Suborder Haplorrhini: tarsiers, monkeys and apes
    • Infraorder Tarsiiformes
    • Infraorder Simiiformes
      • Parvorder Platyrrhini: New World monkeys
        • Family Cebidae: marmosets, tamarins, capuchins and squirrel monkeys
        • Family Aotidae: night or owl monkeys (douroucoulis)
        • Family Pitheciidae: titis, sakis and uakaris
        • Family Atelidae: howler, spider and woolly monkeys
      • Parvorder Catarrhini
        • Superfamily Cercopithecoidea
          • Family Cercopithecidae: Old World monkeys
        • Superfamily Hominoidea
          • Family Hylobatidae: gibbons
          • Family Hominidae: great apes and humans

See also

• Simia, Carolus Linnaeus's original classification of these primates.

References

• Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 128–184. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.