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==General Information==
==General Information==
[[Oldfield Thomas]] named this bat in 1904.<ref>Beolens, Watkins, and Grayson 2009, p. 205.</ref> It is presumed that he named it after the [[Io (mythology)|Io]] found in Greek mythology, who was cursed by Hera to be eternally chased, because bats seem to be “flighty.” <ref>Beolens, Watkins, and Grayson 2009, p. 205.</ref>
[[Oldfield Thomas]] named this bat in 1904.<ref name="Balantiopteryx">{{cite journal |last1=Thomas |first1=Oldfield |authorlink1=Oldfield Thomas |title=XXIX.—New forms of ''Saimiri'', ''Saccopteryx'', ''Balantiopteryx'', and ''Thrichomys'' from the Neotropical region |journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History |date=1904 |volume=13 |issue=76 |series=7 |pages=250–255 |doi=10.1080/00222930409487064 |language=en |issn=0374-5481 |oclc=4806270958|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1430023 }}</ref> It is presumed that he named it after the [[Io (mythology)|Io]] found in Greek mythology, who was cursed by Hera to be eternally chased, because bats seem to be “flighty.” <ref>{{cite book |last1=Beolens |first1=Bo |last2=Grayson |first2=Michael |last3=Watkins |first3=Michael |title=The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals |date=2009 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |doi=10.1353/book.3355 |isbn=9780801895333 |language=en |oclc=8160843969 |page = 205}}</ref>
The bat is considered “vulnerable” according to the IUCN redlist, and the population is decreasing.<ref>Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008</ref> This assumption that the population is decreasing comes from the evidence of habitat destruction, and it has been estimated that about 30% of the bats’ natural habitat has been destroyed by human causes: vandalism, fires in caves, and tourism.<ref>Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008</ref>
The bat is considered “vulnerable” according to the IUCN redlist, and the population is decreasing.<ref>Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008</ref> This assumption that the population is decreasing comes from the evidence of habitat destruction, and it has been estimated that about 30% of the bats’ natural habitat has been destroyed by human causes: vandalism, fires in caves, and tourism.<ref>Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008</ref>
''Balantiopteryx io'' is a sister species of ''[[Balantiopteryx infusca]]''.<ref>Gardner 2008, p. 194.</ref>
''Balantiopteryx io'' is a sister species of ''[[Balantiopteryx infusca]]''.<ref>Gardner 2008, p. 194.</ref>
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==References==
==References==
* Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin, and J. Knox Jones, Jr. "''Balantiopteryx io'' and ''infusca''." ''Mammalian Species'' 313 (1988): 1-3. <https://web.archive.org/web/20151019024828/http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-313-01-0001.pdf>.
* Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin, and J. Knox Jones, Jr. "''Balantiopteryx io'' and ''infusca''." ''Mammalian Species'' 313 (1988): 1-3. <https://web.archive.org/web/20151019024828/http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-313-01-0001.pdf>.
* Beolens, Bo, Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson. ''The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2009. Print.
* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2532/all Balantiopteryx io]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 19 July 2007.
* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2532/all Balantiopteryx io]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 19 July 2007.
* Gardner, Alfred L. ''Mammals of South America''. Chicago: University of Chicago, 2008. Print.
* Gardner, Alfred L. ''Mammals of South America''. Chicago: University of Chicago, 2008. Print.

Revision as of 13:28, 3 July 2019

Thomas's sac-winged bat
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Emballonuridae
Genus: Balantiopteryx
Species:
B. io
Binomial name
Balantiopteryx io
Thomas, 1904
Thomas's sac-winged bat range

Thomas's sac-winged bat (Balantiopteryx io) is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae.

It is found in Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico.[1][2]

General Information

Oldfield Thomas named this bat in 1904.[3] It is presumed that he named it after the Io found in Greek mythology, who was cursed by Hera to be eternally chased, because bats seem to be “flighty.” [4] The bat is considered “vulnerable” according to the IUCN redlist, and the population is decreasing.[5] This assumption that the population is decreasing comes from the evidence of habitat destruction, and it has been estimated that about 30% of the bats’ natural habitat has been destroyed by human causes: vandalism, fires in caves, and tourism.[6] Balantiopteryx io is a sister species of Balantiopteryx infusca.[7] There are no subspecies for Balantiopteryx io. [8]

Appearance

It is the smallest species when compared to others in the genus Balantiopteryx, and lacks the white trim that is characteristic of Balantiopteryx plicata.[9] The males weigh about 3.7 g, while the females weigh about 5 g.[10]

Reproduction

There is not much data available for this species’ courting rituals, but what is known is that the female usually has one fetus, and the pregnant females can be found in March, April, May, and June.[11]

Habits

This bat prefers to live in caves near the entrance with some light, but there have been instances where they have been found deeper in the caves where it is darker.[12] It has also been found in railroad tunnels.[13] It likes to stay about nine inches or more away from the others when hanging on the ceiling.[14] Groups of fifty or more of these bats can be found in the colony.[15] It feeds after sunset, so observing the bats is difficult.[16] These bats are insectivores.[17]

Notes

  1. ^ Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996.
  2. ^ Simmons 2005, p. 312-529
  3. ^ Thomas, Oldfield (1904). "XXIX.—New forms of Saimiri, Saccopteryx, Balantiopteryx, and Thrichomys from the Neotropical region". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 7. 13 (76): 250–255. doi:10.1080/00222930409487064. ISSN 0374-5481. OCLC 4806270958.
  4. ^ Beolens, Bo; Grayson, Michael; Watkins, Michael (2009). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 205. doi:10.1353/book.3355. ISBN 9780801895333. OCLC 8160843969.
  5. ^ Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008
  6. ^ Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008
  7. ^ Gardner 2008, p. 194.
  8. ^ Gardner 2008, p. 194.
  9. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales and Jones 1988, p. 1.
  10. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales and Jones 1988, p. 1.
  11. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales and Jones 1988, p. 2.
  12. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales and Jones 1988, p. 2.
  13. ^ Gardner 2008, p. 194
  14. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales and Jones 1988, p. 2.
  15. ^ Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008
  16. ^ Lim, Miller, Reid, Arroyo-Cabrales, Cuarón, and de Grammont 2008
  17. ^ Nowak 1994, p. 96

References

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