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| known_for = Computer Science, Aerospace
| known_for = Computer Science, Aerospace
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'''Marlene Hazle''' (8 May 1934 - 7 June 2011) was an American known for her work in computer science throughout the 20th century. She worked at [[RAND Corporation]] and [[Mitre Corporation]] for development of the [[Semi-Automatic Ground Environment]] and AESOP respectively.
'''Marlene Hazle''' (8 May 1934 - 7 June 2011) was an American known for her work in computer science throughout the 20th century. She worked at [[RAND Corporation]] and [[Mitre Corporation]] for development of the [[Semi-Automatic Ground Environment]] and AESOP respectively. Hazle eventually became a supervisor and trained military personnel on the SAGE operating system.<ref name=":0" /> Hazle continued making contributions to the fields of computer science and aerospace throughout the 20th century.
== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Marlene Hazle was born in 1934 in [[Toledo, Ohio]]. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a mechanical engineer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Marlene_Hazle|title=Oral-History:Marlene Hazle|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> Hazle graduated from [[DeVilbiss High School (Toledo, Ohio)|DeVilbiss High School]] in Toledo, Ohio in 1950.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Cornellian|last=Secret Societies of Cornell University|first=|publisher=Secret Societies of Cornell University|year=1956|isbn=|volume=88|location=Ithaca, New York|pages=357}}</ref> Hazle then went on to attend Cornell University. Hazle was a part of the [[Delta Gamma|Delta Gamma Sorority]], [[Phi Beta Kappa]], and became Chairman of Cornell's [[Mortar Board]] chapter.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Anchora of Delta Gamma|last=Delta Gamma Sorority|first=|publisher=Delta Gamma Sorority|year=1956|isbn=|volume=73|location=|pages=47}}</ref> At Cornell, Hazle took a class on numerical analysis where her professor offered to show the students how to use a computer to complete their homework. Hazle, along with other students, accepted this offer and began learning about computers. In 1956, Hazle graduated from Cornell with a degree in government.<ref name=":0" /> Hazle died at the age of 77 on 7 June 2011 in Lexington, Massachusetts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tributes.com/obituary/show/Marlene-Hazle-91738772#obituary|title=Marlene Hazle Obituary - Lexington, Massachusetts - Tributes.com|website=www.tributes.com|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>
Marlene Hazle was born in 1934 in [[Toledo, Ohio]]. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a mechanical engineer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Marlene_Hazle|title=Oral-History:Marlene Hazle|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> Hazle graduated from [[DeVilbiss High School (Toledo, Ohio)|DeVilbiss High School]] in Toledo, Ohio in 1950.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Cornellian|last=Secret Societies of Cornell University|first=|publisher=Secret Societies of Cornell University|year=1956|isbn=|volume=88|location=Ithaca, New York|pages=357}}</ref> Hazle then went on to attend [[Cornell University]]. Hazle was a part of the [[Delta Gamma|Delta Gamma Sorority]], [[Phi Beta Kappa]], and became Chairman of Cornell's [[Mortar Board]] chapter.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Anchora of Delta Gamma|last=Delta Gamma Sorority|first=|publisher=Delta Gamma Sorority|year=1956|isbn=|volume=73|location=|pages=47}}</ref> At Cornell, Hazle took a class on numerical analysis where her professor offered to show the students how to use a computer to complete their homework. Hazle, along with other students, accepted this offer and began learning about computers. In 1956, Hazle graduated from Cornell with a degree in government.<ref name=":0" /> Hazle died at the age of 77 on 7 June 2011 in Lexington, Massachusetts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tributes.com/obituary/show/Marlene-Hazle-91738772#obituary|title=Marlene Hazle Obituary - Lexington, Massachusetts - Tributes.com|website=www.tributes.com|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>


== Work ==
== Work ==
After graduation, Hazle began work at RAND Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts. At the time RAND was preparing people to work at SAGE centers.<ref name=":0" /> Hazle was trained at RAND on SAGE computers and eventually went on to teach the class on the operating system of [[SAGE Computer|SAGE computers]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Judy_Clapp|title=Oral-History:Judy Clapp|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> After her work at SAGE Hazle began working at MITRE where she was one of the first people to work on the AESOP one of the world's first [[NLS (computer system)|on line computer]] systems.<ref>{{Cite book|title=MITRE, the First Twenty Years: A History of the MITRE Corporation, 1958-1978|last=MITRE Corporation|first=|publisher=MITRE Corporation|year=1979|isbn=|location=Bedfor, Massachusets|pages=80}}</ref>
After graduation, Hazle began work at [[RAND Corporation]] in Boston, Massachusetts. At the time RAND was preparing people to work at [[Semi-Automatic Ground Environment|SAGE centers]].<ref name=":0" /> SAGE was a [[United States Armed Forces|US Military]] program during the [[Cold War|cold war]] that used computers to monitor US airspace for [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] invasion. At the time of its construction the SAGE's computer, the [[AN/FSQ-7 Combat Direction Central|AN/FSQ-7]], was the largest computer ever built. Hazle was trained at RAND on SAGE computers and eventually went on to teach the class on the operating system of SAGE computers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ethw.org/Oral-History:Judy_Clapp|title=Oral-History:Judy Clapp|last=Abbot|first=Jane|date=11 February 2001|website=ethw.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> After her work at SAGE Hazle began working at [[Mitre Corporation|MITRE]]. At MITRE Hazle designed and programmed the AESOP system.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Information system science and technology: papers prepared for the Third Congress|last=Congress on Information System Science and Technology|first=|publisher=Thompson Book Co.|year=1967|isbn=|location=|pages=84}}</ref> The AESOP was one of the world's first [[NLS (computer system)|on-line computer]] systems.<ref>{{Cite book|title=AESOP: A GENERAL PURPOSE APPROACH TO REAL-TIME, DIRECT ACCESS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS|last=MITRE CORPORATION|first=|publisher=MITRE CORPORATION|year=1966|isbn=|location=Bedfor, Massachusets|pages=iii}}</ref> On-line computer systems were the first systems to have many of the features of modern computers such as windows, computer mice, and media links. Hazle is one of the first people documented using an on-line computer.<ref>{{Cite book|title=MITRE, the First Twenty Years: A History of the MITRE Corporation, 1958-1978|last=MITRE Corporation|first=|publisher=MITRE Corporation|year=1979|isbn=|location=Bedfor, Massachusets|pages=80}}</ref> Prior to the the 1970s it was common place for programmers to be possessive over their work. While at MITRE Hazle rejected this idea, becoming one of the earliest proponents of collaboration among programmers.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/813929041|title=Recoding gender : women's changing participation in computing|last=Abbate, Janet.|date=2012|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=9780262305464|location=Cambridge, Mass.|oclc=813929041}}</ref> Collaboration would eventually mature into today's concept of [[Open-source model|Open-source development]]. She was also the secretary of Reuse Library Interoperability Group. The Reuse Library Interoperability Group was a group dedicated to facilitating the reuse of computer code between companies and government agencies.


== Contributions ==
== Contributions ==


* Acknowledged for contribution to [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] Architectures with [[DIANA (intermediate language)|DQL(Diana Query Language)]] expertise<ref>{{Cite book|title=Proceeding of the Eighth Annual National Conference on Ada Technology, 5-8 Mar 1990|last=United States Defense Technical Information Center|first=|publisher=|year=1990|isbn=|location=|pages=321-337}}</ref>
* Hazle is acknowledged for contributing to [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] Architectures with her expertise in [[DIANA (intermediate language)|DQL(Diana Query Language)]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Proceeding of the Eighth Annual National Conference on Ada Technology, 5-8 Mar 1990|last=United States Defense Technical Information Center|first=|publisher=|year=1990|isbn=|location=|pages=321-337}}</ref>
* Acknowledged for assisting the [[United States Air Force|US Air Force]] in software design methodologies<ref>{{Cite book|title=Software Design Methodologies and Air Force Software Acquisition Environment|last=James|first=D. L.|publisher=Rome Air Development Center|year=1978|isbn=|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=2}}</ref>
* Hazle is acknowledged for assisting the [[United States Air Force|US Air Force]] in software design methodologies.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Software Design Methodologies and Air Force Software Acquisition Environment|last=James|first=D. L.|publisher=Rome Air Development Center|year=1978|isbn=|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=2}}</ref>
* Contributor to [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|IEEE]] in 1980 <ref>{{Cite book|title=Proceedings of the IEEE 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 1980|last=IEEE|first=|publisher=IEEE|year=1980|isbn=|location=|pages=435}}</ref>
* Hazle contributed to [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|IEEE]] in the 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Proceedings of the IEEE 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 1980|last=IEEE|first=|publisher=IEEE|year=1980|isbn=|location=|pages=435}}</ref>
*Hazle is acknowledged with special recognition for supporting [[Arizona State University]] in their work on Ada environments.<ref>{{Cite book|title=SUPPORTING SELECTION DECISIONS BASED ON THE TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF ADA ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR COMPONENTS|last=Lawlis|first=Patricia|publisher=Arizona State University|year=1989|isbn=|location=|pages=vi}}</ref>
*Hazle wrote about code review and operating systems in the Automated Requirements Development User Manual.<ref>{{Cite book|title=ARDS USER'S MANUAL: COMMENT MANAGEMENT|last=Vrabel|first=J.|publisher=Deputy for Acquisition Logistics and Tech. Opers. Electronic Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command|year=1983|isbn=|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=1}}</ref>
*Hazle is acknowledged for her work on the MIMSY Project and for assisting the author of The Application of Anna and Formal Methods as an Ada Program Design Language.<ref>{{Cite book|title=THE APPLICATION OF ANNA AND FORMAL METHODS AS AN ADA PROGRAM DESIGN LANGUAGE|last=BYRNES|first=C.|publisher=DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND UNITED STATES AIR FORCE|year=1986|isbn=|location=Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=iii}}</ref>
*Hazle is thanked for reviewing drafts of Ada and X Window System Integration.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Ada and X Window System Integration|last=Byrnes|first=C.|publisher=Director, Systems & Software Design Center of Excellence Electronic Systems Division Air Force Systems Command United States Air Force|year=1992|isbn=|location=Harscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts|pages=v}}</ref>
*Hazle reviewed the document Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation and Selection.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation
and Selection|last=Weiderman|first=Nelson|publisher=Carnegie Mellon University|year=1989|isbn=|location=Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania|pages=viii}}</ref>
*Hazle is a listed contributor to United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada.<ref>{{Cite book|title=United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada|last=Ausnit, et al|first=|publisher=ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS.C0OMAND DEPUTY FOR ADVANCED DECISION SYSTEMS|year=1988|isbn=|location=HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, MASSACHUSETTS|pages=vi}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 03:23, 23 July 2019

Marlene Hazle
Born8 May 1934
Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
Died7 June 2011
Employer(s)RAND Corp. and MITRE
Known forComputer Science, Aerospace

Marlene Hazle (8 May 1934 - 7 June 2011) was an American known for her work in computer science throughout the 20th century. She worked at RAND Corporation and Mitre Corporation for development of the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment and AESOP respectively. Hazle eventually became a supervisor and trained military personnel on the SAGE operating system.[1] Hazle continued making contributions to the fields of computer science and aerospace throughout the 20th century.

Biography

Marlene Hazle was born in 1934 in Toledo, Ohio. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a mechanical engineer.[1] Hazle graduated from DeVilbiss High School in Toledo, Ohio in 1950.[2] Hazle then went on to attend Cornell University. Hazle was a part of the Delta Gamma Sorority, Phi Beta Kappa, and became Chairman of Cornell's Mortar Board chapter.[3] At Cornell, Hazle took a class on numerical analysis where her professor offered to show the students how to use a computer to complete their homework. Hazle, along with other students, accepted this offer and began learning about computers. In 1956, Hazle graduated from Cornell with a degree in government.[1] Hazle died at the age of 77 on 7 June 2011 in Lexington, Massachusetts.[4]

Work

After graduation, Hazle began work at RAND Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts. At the time RAND was preparing people to work at SAGE centers.[1] SAGE was a US Military program during the cold war that used computers to monitor US airspace for Soviet invasion. At the time of its construction the SAGE's computer, the AN/FSQ-7, was the largest computer ever built. Hazle was trained at RAND on SAGE computers and eventually went on to teach the class on the operating system of SAGE computers.[5] After her work at SAGE Hazle began working at MITRE. At MITRE Hazle designed and programmed the AESOP system.[6] The AESOP was one of the world's first on-line computer systems.[7] On-line computer systems were the first systems to have many of the features of modern computers such as windows, computer mice, and media links. Hazle is one of the first people documented using an on-line computer.[8] Prior to the the 1970s it was common place for programmers to be possessive over their work. While at MITRE Hazle rejected this idea, becoming one of the earliest proponents of collaboration among programmers.[9] Collaboration would eventually mature into today's concept of Open-source development. She was also the secretary of Reuse Library Interoperability Group. The Reuse Library Interoperability Group was a group dedicated to facilitating the reuse of computer code between companies and government agencies.

Contributions

  • Hazle is acknowledged for contributing to Ada Architectures with her expertise in DQL(Diana Query Language).[10]
  • Hazle is acknowledged for assisting the US Air Force in software design methodologies.[11]
  • Hazle contributed to IEEE in the 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference.[12]
  • Hazle is acknowledged with special recognition for supporting Arizona State University in their work on Ada environments.[13]
  • Hazle wrote about code review and operating systems in the Automated Requirements Development User Manual.[14]
  • Hazle is acknowledged for her work on the MIMSY Project and for assisting the author of The Application of Anna and Formal Methods as an Ada Program Design Language.[15]
  • Hazle is thanked for reviewing drafts of Ada and X Window System Integration.[16]
  • Hazle reviewed the document Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation and Selection.[17]
  • Hazle is a listed contributor to United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada.[18]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Abbot, Jane (11 February 2001). "Oral-History:Marlene Hazle". ethw.org. Retrieved 11 July 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  2. ^ Secret Societies of Cornell University (1956). The Cornellian. Vol. 88. Ithaca, New York: Secret Societies of Cornell University. p. 357.
  3. ^ Delta Gamma Sorority (1956). Anchora of Delta Gamma. Vol. 73. Delta Gamma Sorority. p. 47.
  4. ^ "Marlene Hazle Obituary - Lexington, Massachusetts - Tributes.com". www.tributes.com. Retrieved 2019-07-20.
  5. ^ Abbot, Jane (11 February 2001). "Oral-History:Judy Clapp". ethw.org. Retrieved 11 July 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  6. ^ Congress on Information System Science and Technology (1967). Information system science and technology: papers prepared for the Third Congress. Thompson Book Co. p. 84.
  7. ^ MITRE CORPORATION (1966). AESOP: A GENERAL PURPOSE APPROACH TO REAL-TIME, DIRECT ACCESS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS. Bedfor, Massachusets: MITRE CORPORATION. pp. iii.
  8. ^ MITRE Corporation (1979). MITRE, the First Twenty Years: A History of the MITRE Corporation, 1958-1978. Bedfor, Massachusets: MITRE Corporation. p. 80.
  9. ^ Abbate, Janet. (2012). Recoding gender : women's changing participation in computing. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262305464. OCLC 813929041.
  10. ^ United States Defense Technical Information Center (1990). Proceeding of the Eighth Annual National Conference on Ada Technology, 5-8 Mar 1990. pp. 321–337.
  11. ^ James, D. L. (1978). Software Design Methodologies and Air Force Software Acquisition Environment. Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts: Rome Air Development Center. p. 2.
  12. ^ IEEE (1980). Proceedings of the IEEE 1980 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 1980. IEEE. p. 435.
  13. ^ Lawlis, Patricia (1989). SUPPORTING SELECTION DECISIONS BASED ON THE TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF ADA ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR COMPONENTS. Arizona State University. pp. vi.
  14. ^ Vrabel, J. (1983). ARDS USER'S MANUAL: COMMENT MANAGEMENT. Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts: Deputy for Acquisition Logistics and Tech. Opers. Electronic Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command. p. 1.
  15. ^ BYRNES, C. (1986). THE APPLICATION OF ANNA AND FORMAL METHODS AS AN ADA PROGRAM DESIGN LANGUAGE. Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts: DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND UNITED STATES AIR FORCE. pp. iii.
  16. ^ Byrnes, C. (1992). Ada and X Window System Integration. Harscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts: Director, Systems & Software Design Center of Excellence Electronic Systems Division Air Force Systems Command United States Air Force. pp. v.
  17. ^ Weiderman, Nelson (1989). Ada Adoption Handbook: Compiler Evaluation and Selection. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Carnegie Mellon University. pp. viii. {{cite book}}: line feed character in |title= at position 43 (help)
  18. ^ Ausnit; et al. (1988). United States Air Force Program Office Guide to Ada. HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, MASSACHUSETTS: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION AIR FORCE SYSTEMS.C0OMAND DEPUTY FOR ADVANCED DECISION SYSTEMS. pp. vi. {{cite book}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last= (help)
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