Ps (Unix): Difference between revisions
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| caption = The {{code|ps}} command |
| caption = The {{code|ps}} command |
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| author = |
| author = [[AT&T Bell Laboratories]] |
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| developer = [[ |
| developer = Various [[open-source software|open-source]] and [[commercial software|commercial]] developers |
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| released = {{Start date and age|1973|2}} |
| released = {{Start date and age|1973|2}} |
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| latest release version = |
| latest release version = |
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| latest release date = |
| latest release date = |
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| operating system = [[Unix]] and [[Unix-like]] |
| operating system = [[Unix]] and [[Unix-like]], [[KolibriOS]] |
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| genre = [[Command (computing)|Command]] |
| genre = [[Command (computing)|Command]] |
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| license = |
| license = |
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In most [[Unix-like]] [[operating systems]], the '''<code>ps</code>''' program (short for "'''p'''rocess '''s'''tatus") displays the currently-running [[process (computing)|processes]]. A related Unix utility named [[Top (software)|top]] provides a real-time view of the running processes. |
In most [[Unix]] and [[Unix-like]] [[operating systems]], the '''<code>ps</code>''' program (short for "'''p'''rocess '''s'''tatus") displays the currently-running [[process (computing)|processes]]. A related Unix utility named [[Top (software)|top]] provides a real-time view of the running processes. |
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In [[Windows PowerShell]], <code>ps</code> is a predefined [[Alias (command)|command alias]] for the <code>Get-Process</code> cmdlet, which essentially serves the same purpose. |
In [[Windows PowerShell]], <code>ps</code> is a predefined [[Alias (command)|command alias]] for the <code>Get-Process</code> cmdlet, which essentially serves the same purpose. |
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[[KolibriOS]] includes an implementation of the {{code|ps}} [[command (computing)|command]].<ref>http://wiki.kolibrios.org/wiki/Shell</ref> |
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==Examples== |
==Examples== |
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* <code>[[top (Unix)|top]]</code> |
* <code>[[top (Unix)|top]]</code> |
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* <code>[[lsof]]</code> |
* <code>[[lsof]]</code> |
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==Further reading== |
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*{{Cite book|author-last=McElhearn|author-first=Kirk|title=The Mac OS X Command Line: Unix Under the Hood|date=2006|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=978-0470113851}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/show-all-running-processes-in-linux/ Show all running processes in Linux using ps command] |
* [http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/show-all-running-processes-in-linux/ Show all running processes in Linux using ps command] |
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* [http://kb.iu.edu/data/afnv.html In Unix, what do the output fields of the ps command mean?] |
* [http://kb.iu.edu/data/afnv.html In Unix, what do the output fields of the ps command mean?] |
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{{Unix commands}} |
{{Unix commands}} |
Revision as of 13:10, 11 August 2019
This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2017) |
Original author(s) | AT&T Bell Laboratories |
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Developer(s) | Various open-source and commercial developers |
Initial release | February 1973 |
Operating system | Unix and Unix-like, KolibriOS |
Type | Command |
In most Unix and Unix-like operating systems, the ps
program (short for "process status") displays the currently-running processes. A related Unix utility named top provides a real-time view of the running processes.
In Windows PowerShell, ps
is a predefined command alias for the Get-Process
cmdlet, which essentially serves the same purpose.
KolibriOS includes an implementation of the ps
command.[1]
Examples
For example:
# ps
PID TTY TIME CMD
7431 pts/0 00:00:00 su
7434 pts/0 00:00:00 bash
18585 pts/0 00:00:00 ps
Users can also utilize the ps command in conjunction with the grep
command (see the pgrep and pkill commands) to find information about a single process, such as its id:
$ # Trying to find the PID of `firefox-bin` which is 2701
$ ps -A | grep firefox-bin
2701 ? 22:16:04 firefox-bin
The use of pgrep simplifies the syntax and avoids potential race conditions:
$ pgrep -l firefox-bin
2701 firefox-bin
To see every process running as root in user format:
# ps -U root -u
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.0 9436 128 - ILs Sun00AM 0:00.12 /sbin/init --
Break Down
Column Header | Contents |
---|---|
%CPU | How much of the CPU the process is using |
%MEM | How much memory the process is using |
ADDR | Memory address of the process |
C or CP | CPU usage and scheduling information |
COMMAND* | Name of the process, including arguments, if any |
NI | nice value |
F | Flags |
PID | Process ID number |
PPID | ID number of the process′s parent process |
PRI | Priority of the process |
RSS | Resident set size |
S or STAT | Process status code |
START or STIME | Time when the process started |
VSZ | Virtual memory usage |
TIME | The amount of CPU time used by the process |
TT or TTY | Terminal associated with the process |
UID or USER | Username of the process′s owner |
WCHAN | Memory address of the event the process is waiting for |
* = Often abbreviated
Options
ps has many options. On operating systems that support the SUS and POSIX standards, ps commonly runs with the options -ef, where "-e" selects every process and "-f" chooses the "full" output format. Another common option on these systems is -l, which specifies the "long" output format.
Most systems derived from BSD fail to accept the SUS and POSIX standard options because of historical conflicts. (For example, the "e" or "-e" option will display environment variables.) On such systems, ps commonly runs with the non-standard options aux, where "a" lists all processes on a terminal, including those of other users, "x" lists all processes without controlling terminals and "u" adds a column for the controlling user for each process. For maximum compatibility, there is no "-" in front of the "aux". "ps auxww" provides complete information about the process, including all parameters.
See also
- Task manager
kill
- List of Unix commands
nmon
— a system monitor tool for the AIX and Linux operating systems.pgrep
pstree
top
lsof
References
- Shotts (Jr), William E. (2012). The Linux Command Line: A Complete Introduction. No Starch Press. pp. 96–98. ISBN 9781593273897. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
Further reading
- McElhearn, Kirk (2006). The Mac OS X Command Line: Unix Under the Hood. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0470113851.
External links
- The Single UNIX Specification, Version 4 from The Open Group – Shell and Utilities Reference,
- Show all running processes in Linux using ps command
- In Unix, what do the output fields of the ps command mean?