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'''Csaba Pal'''
'''Csaba Pal'''


Csaba Pal (Hungarian: Pál Csaba, born March 27, 1975) is a Hungarian biologist at the Biological Research Centre (BRC). His laboratory is part of the Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit at BRC. His research is at the interface of evolution, antibiotic resistance and genome engineering<ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-index.html</ref> and has published over 70 scientific publications in these areas.
Csaba Pal (Hungarian: Pál Csaba, born March 27, 1975) is a Hungarian biologist at the Biological Research Centre (BRC). His laboratory is part of the Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit at BRC. His research is at the interface of evolution, antibiotic resistance and genome engineering<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-index.html |title = Csaba Pál Laboratory}}</ref> and has published over 70 scientific publications in these areas.


'''Education'''
'''Education'''


Csaba Pal completed his Masters in Biology at Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, in 1998. Four years later he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest in 2002<ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-index.html</ref> for research supervised by Szathmáry Eörs <ref>https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szathm%C3%A1ry_E%C3%B6rs</ref>.
Csaba Pal completed his Masters in Biology at Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, in 1998. Four years later he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest in 2002<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-index.html |title = Csaba Pál Laboratory}}</ref> for research supervised by Szathmáry Eörs <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szathm%C3%A1ry_E%C3%B6rs | title=Szathmáry Eörs}}</ref>.
Csaba Pal spent several years abroad with scholarships. He had the opportunity to research in Bath<ref>https://people.bath.ac.uk/bssldh/LaurenceDHurst/Lab_members.html</ref>, Oxford, Heidelberg and Italy<ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-member.html#csaba-pal</ref>. Prior to his return to Hungary in 2008, he worked as a visiting professor at the University of Trento.
Csaba Pal spent several years abroad with scholarships. He had the opportunity to research in Bath<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://people.bath.ac.uk/bssldh/LaurenceDHurst/Lab_members.html |title = Students and post-docs past and present}}</ref>, Oxford, Heidelberg and Italy<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-member.html#csaba-pal |title = Csaba Pál Laboratory}}</ref>. Prior to his return to Hungary in 2008, he worked as a visiting professor at the University of Trento.


'''Career and Research'''
'''Career and Research'''
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'''Genome evolution'''
'''Genome evolution'''
In 2001, Csaba Pal and colleagues demonstrated that highly expressed genes in yeast evolve slowly<ref>https://www.genetics.org/content/158/2/927.full</ref>. Later, they argued that evolutionary rate of a protein is predominantly influenced by its expression level rather than functional importance. This research has contributed to a paradigmatic shift in the field of protein evolution<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg3950</ref> <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21901087</ref>. Balazs Papp, Csaba Pal, and Laurence Hurst studied molecular mechanisms underlying dosage sensitivity <ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Papp_Nature2003.pdf</ref>. In an important paper, they tested what is now known as the dosage balance hypothesis <ref>https://www.pnas.org/content/109/37/14746</ref>. The hypothesis offers a synthesis on seemingly unrelated problems such as the evolution of dominance, gene duplicability and co-evolution of protein complex subunits. In 2007, Pal and colleagues demonstrated that antagonistic co-evolution with parasites has a large impact on the evolution of bacterial mutation rate <ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Pal_Nature2007.pdf</ref>. This paper showed how biotic interactions shape mutation rate evolution.
In 2001, Csaba Pal and colleagues demonstrated that highly expressed genes in yeast evolve slowly<ref>{{Cite journal | url=https://www.genetics.org/content/158/2/927.full |title = Highly Expressed Genes in Yeast Evolve Slowly|journal = Genetics|volume = 158|issue = 2|pages = 927–931|date = June 2001|last1 = Hurst|first1 = Laurence D.|last2 = Papp|first2 = Balázs|last3 = Pál|first3 = Csaba}}</ref>. Later, they argued that evolutionary rate of a protein is predominantly influenced by its expression level rather than functional importance. This research has contributed to a paradigmatic shift in the field of protein evolution<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/nrg3950| pmid=26055156| pmc=4523088| title=Determinants of the rate of protein sequence evolution| journal=Nature Reviews Genetics| volume=16| issue=7| pages=409–420| year=2015| last1=Zhang| first1=Jianzhi| last2=Yang| first2=Jian-Rong}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |pmid = 21901087|pmc = 3161903|year = 2011|last1 = Koonin|first1 = E. V.|title = Are there laws of genome evolution?|journal = Plos Computational Biology|volume = 7|issue = 8|pages = e1002173|doi = 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002173|bibcode = 2011PLSCB...7E2173K|arxiv = 1108.3589}}</ref>. Balazs Papp, Csaba Pal, and Laurence Hurst studied molecular mechanisms underlying dosage sensitivity <ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Papp_Nature2003.pdf</ref>. In an important paper, they tested what is now known as the dosage balance hypothesis <ref>https://www.pnas.org/content/109/37/14746</ref>. The hypothesis offers a synthesis on seemingly unrelated problems such as the evolution of dominance, gene duplicability and co-evolution of protein complex subunits. In 2007, Pal and colleagues demonstrated that antagonistic co-evolution with parasites has a large impact on the evolution of bacterial mutation rate <ref>http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Pal_Nature2007.pdf</ref>. This paper showed how biotic interactions shape mutation rate evolution.
More recently, the Pal lab explored the consequences of compensatory adaptation on gene content evolution<ref>https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935</ref>. It is well known that while core cellular processes are generally conserved during evolution, the underlying genes differ somewhat between related species. They demonstrated that gene loss initiates adaptive genomic changes that rapidly restores fitness, but this process has substantial pleiotropic effects on cellular physiology and evolvability upon environmental change<ref>https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935</ref>.
More recently, the Pal lab explored the consequences of compensatory adaptation on gene content evolution<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935|pmid = 25157590|pmc = 4144845|title = The Genomic Landscape of Compensatory Evolution|journal = PLOS Biology|volume = 12|issue = 8|pages = e1001935|year = 2014|last1 = Szamecz|first1 = Béla|last2 = Boross|first2 = Gábor|last3 = Kalapis|first3 = Dorottya|last4 = Kovács|first4 = Károly|last5 = Fekete|first5 = Gergely|last6 = Farkas|first6 = Zoltán|last7 = Lázár|first7 = Viktória|last8 = Hrtyan|first8 = Mónika|last9 = Kemmeren|first9 = Patrick|last10 = Groot Koerkamp|first10 = Marian J. A.|last11 = Rutkai|first11 = Edit|last12 = Holstege|first12 = Frank C. P.|last13 = Papp|first13 = Balázs|last14 = Pál|first14 = Csaba}}</ref>. It is well known that while core cellular processes are generally conserved during evolution, the underlying genes differ somewhat between related species. They demonstrated that gene loss initiates adaptive genomic changes that rapidly restores fitness, but this process has substantial pleiotropic effects on cellular physiology and evolvability upon environmental change<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935|pmid = 25157590|pmc = 4144845|title = The Genomic Landscape of Compensatory Evolution|journal = PLOS Biology|volume = 12|issue = 8|pages = e1001935|year = 2014|last1 = Szamecz|first1 = Béla|last2 = Boross|first2 = Gábor|last3 = Kalapis|first3 = Dorottya|last4 = Kovács|first4 = Károly|last5 = Fekete|first5 = Gergely|last6 = Farkas|first6 = Zoltán|last7 = Lázár|first7 = Viktória|last8 = Hrtyan|first8 = Mónika|last9 = Kemmeren|first9 = Patrick|last10 = Groot Koerkamp|first10 = Marian J. A.|last11 = Rutkai|first11 = Edit|last12 = Holstege|first12 = Frank C. P.|last13 = Papp|first13 = Balázs|last14 = Pál|first14 = Csaba}}</ref>.
'''Network evolution'''
'''Network evolution'''
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'''Antibiotic resistance'''
'''Antibiotic resistance'''
Csaba Pal's laboratory currently studies the problem of antibiotic resistance. By combining laboratory evolution, genome sequencing, and functional analyses, they charted the map of evolutionary trade-offs between antibiotics. They found that multidrug resistance mutations in bacteria simultaneously enhance sensitivity to many other unrelated drugs (collateral sensitivity), and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms<ref>https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.1038/msb.2013.57</ref>.
Csaba Pal's laboratory currently studies the problem of antibiotic resistance. By combining laboratory evolution, genome sequencing, and functional analyses, they charted the map of evolutionary trade-offs between antibiotics. They found that multidrug resistance mutations in bacteria simultaneously enhance sensitivity to many other unrelated drugs (collateral sensitivity), and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/msb.2013.57| pmid=24169403| title=Bacterial evolution of antibiotic hypersensitivity| journal=Molecular Systems Biology| volume=9| pages=700| year=2013| last1=Lázár| first1=Viktória| last2=Pal Singh| first2=Gajinder| last3=Spohn| first3=Réka| last4=Nagy| first4=István| last5=Horváth| first5=Balázs| last6=Hrtyan| first6=Mónika| last7=Busa‐Fekete| first7=Róbert| last8=Bogos| first8=Balázs| last9=Méhi| first9=Orsolya| last10=Csörgő| first10=Bálint| last11=Pósfai| first11=György| last12=Fekete| first12=Gergely| last13=Szappanos| first13=Balázs| last14=Kégl| first14=Balázs| last15=Papp| first15=Balázs| last16=Pál| first16=Csaba}}</ref>.


'''Genome engineering'''
'''Genome engineering'''

Revision as of 02:04, 4 September 2019

This sandbox is in the article namespace. Either move this page into your userspace, or remove the {{User sandbox}} template. Csaba Pal

Csaba Pal (Hungarian: Pál Csaba, born March 27, 1975) is a Hungarian biologist at the Biological Research Centre (BRC). His laboratory is part of the Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit at BRC. His research is at the interface of evolution, antibiotic resistance and genome engineering[1] and has published over 70 scientific publications in these areas.

Education

Csaba Pal completed his Masters in Biology at Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, in 1998. Four years later he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest in 2002[2] for research supervised by Szathmáry Eörs [3]. Csaba Pal spent several years abroad with scholarships. He had the opportunity to research in Bath[4], Oxford, Heidelberg and Italy[5]. Prior to his return to Hungary in 2008, he worked as a visiting professor at the University of Trento.

Career and Research

Csaba Pal works on fundamental and applied problems in the evolution of genomes networks and antibiotic resistance. To achieve these goals, he develops methods in systems biology, computational metabolic modelling and genome engineering.

Genome evolution In 2001, Csaba Pal and colleagues demonstrated that highly expressed genes in yeast evolve slowly[6]. Later, they argued that evolutionary rate of a protein is predominantly influenced by its expression level rather than functional importance. This research has contributed to a paradigmatic shift in the field of protein evolution[7] [8]. Balazs Papp, Csaba Pal, and Laurence Hurst studied molecular mechanisms underlying dosage sensitivity [9]. In an important paper, they tested what is now known as the dosage balance hypothesis [10]. The hypothesis offers a synthesis on seemingly unrelated problems such as the evolution of dominance, gene duplicability and co-evolution of protein complex subunits. In 2007, Pal and colleagues demonstrated that antagonistic co-evolution with parasites has a large impact on the evolution of bacterial mutation rate [11]. This paper showed how biotic interactions shape mutation rate evolution. More recently, the Pal lab explored the consequences of compensatory adaptation on gene content evolution[12]. It is well known that while core cellular processes are generally conserved during evolution, the underlying genes differ somewhat between related species. They demonstrated that gene loss initiates adaptive genomic changes that rapidly restores fitness, but this process has substantial pleiotropic effects on cellular physiology and evolvability upon environmental change[13].

Network evolution The Pal lab has also contributed to the nascent field of evolutionary systems biology[14]. Their research focused on understanding the extent to which evolution is predictable at the molecular level. Using genome-scale metabolic network modeling combined with experimental tools offers they studied key issues in evolution, such as mutational robustness [15], horizontal gene transfer[16], genome reduction[17], epistasis [18],[19] , promiscuous enzyme reactions[20], and complex adaptations[21].

Antibiotic resistance Csaba Pal's laboratory currently studies the problem of antibiotic resistance. By combining laboratory evolution, genome sequencing, and functional analyses, they charted the map of evolutionary trade-offs between antibiotics. They found that multidrug resistance mutations in bacteria simultaneously enhance sensitivity to many other unrelated drugs (collateral sensitivity), and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms[22].

Genome engineering Finally, the Pal lab is an advocate of the emerging field of evolutionary genome engineering[23]. Genome engineering enables the modification of specific genomic locations in a directed and combinatorial manner, and allow studying central evolutionary issues in which natural genetic variation is limited or biased. However, current tools have been optimized for a few laboratory model strains, lead to the accumulation of numerous undesired, off-target modifications, and demand extensive modification of the host genome prior to large-scale editing. The Pal laboratory presented a simple, all-in-one solution[24][25] . The method is unique as it allows systematic comparison of mutational effects and epistasis across a wide range of bacterial species.

Awards and honours

Csaba Pal has won several domestic and international competitions and awards. For the most recent internationally significant discovery, he has won the Szent-György Talentum Prize (2014)[26], handed over by two Nobel Prize-winning biochemist Ada Yonath[27] and Aaron Ciechanover[28]. In 2009 he won the Ignaz Lieben Price[29][30] awarded by the Austrian Academy of Sciences. This International Price is awarded annually to a researcher, who has not yet reached the age of forty. In 2015, he won the Bolyai Prize[31]. In 2016, Csaba Pal became a member of Academiae Europae[32]. In 2017 he was selected as EMBO (European Molecular Biology Organization) member[33] and in 2018, became a member of the FEMS (Federation of European Microbiological Society)[34].

His students have won international awards (Stephen W Kuffler Research Fellowship[35], Boehringer Ingelheim Award[36]), and were speakers at the most prestigious conferences. Csaba Pal played a significant role in ensuring that internationally recognized young researchers working abroad can continue their work at the Biological Research Centre in Szeged.


Most notable publications

A selection of the most nobtale publications of Csaba Pal are the following.

Coevolution with viruses drives the evolution of bacterial mutation rates. Pal C, Maciá MD, Oliver A, Schachar I, Buckling A. Nature. 2007 Dec 13;450(7172):1079-81. Epub 2007 Dec 2. PMID: 18059461

Chance and necessity in the evolution of minimal metabolic networks.Pál C, Papp B, Lercher MJ, Csermely P, Oliver SG, Hurst LD. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):667-70. PMID: 16572170

Metabolic network analysis of the causes and evolution of enzyme dispensability in yeast.Papp B, Pál C, Hurst LD. Nature. 2004 Jun 10;429(6992):661-4. PMID: 15190353

Dosage sensitivity and the evolution of gene families in yeast.Papp B, Pál C, Hurst LD. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):194-7. PMID: 12853957

Genomic function: Rate of evolution and gene dispensability.Pál C, Papp B, Hurst LD. Nature. 2003 Jan 30;421(6922):496-7; discussion 497-8. No abstract available. PMID: 12556881

The genetic landscape of a cell.Costanzo M, Baryshnikova A, Bellay J, Kim Y, Spear ED, Sevier CS, Ding H, Koh JL, Toufighi K, Mostafavi S, Prinz J, St Onge RP, VanderSluis B, Makhnevych T, Vizeacoumar FJ, Alizadeh S, Bahr S, Brost RL, Chen Y, Cokol M, Deshpande R, Li Z, Lin ZY, Liang W, Marback M, Paw J, San Luis BJ, Shuteriqi E, Tong AH, van Dyk N, Wallace IM, Whitney JA, Weirauch MT, Zhong G, Zhu H, Houry WA, Brudno M, Ragibizadeh S, Papp B, Pál C, Roth FP, Giaever G, Nislow C, Troyanskaya OG, Bussey H, Bader GD, Gingras AC, Morris QD, Kim PM, Kaiser CA, Myers CL, Andrews BJ, Boone C. Science. 2010 Jan 22;327(5964):425-31. doi: 10.1126/science.1180823. PMID: 20093466

References

  1. ^ "Csaba Pál Laboratory".
  2. ^ "Csaba Pál Laboratory".
  3. ^ "Szathmáry Eörs".
  4. ^ "Students and post-docs past and present".
  5. ^ "Csaba Pál Laboratory".
  6. ^ Hurst, Laurence D.; Papp, Balázs; Pál, Csaba (June 2001). "Highly Expressed Genes in Yeast Evolve Slowly". Genetics. 158 (2): 927–931.
  7. ^ Zhang, Jianzhi; Yang, Jian-Rong (2015). "Determinants of the rate of protein sequence evolution". Nature Reviews Genetics. 16 (7): 409–420. doi:10.1038/nrg3950. PMC 4523088. PMID 26055156.
  8. ^ Koonin, E. V. (2011). "Are there laws of genome evolution?". Plos Computational Biology. 7 (8): e1002173. arXiv:1108.3589. Bibcode:2011PLSCB...7E2173K. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002173. PMC 3161903. PMID 21901087.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  9. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Papp_Nature2003.pdf
  10. ^ https://www.pnas.org/content/109/37/14746
  11. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Pal_Nature2007.pdf
  12. ^ Szamecz, Béla; Boross, Gábor; Kalapis, Dorottya; Kovács, Károly; Fekete, Gergely; Farkas, Zoltán; Lázár, Viktória; Hrtyan, Mónika; Kemmeren, Patrick; Groot Koerkamp, Marian J. A.; Rutkai, Edit; Holstege, Frank C. P.; Papp, Balázs; Pál, Csaba (2014). "The Genomic Landscape of Compensatory Evolution". PLOS Biology. 12 (8): e1001935. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935. PMC 4144845. PMID 25157590.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  13. ^ Szamecz, Béla; Boross, Gábor; Kalapis, Dorottya; Kovács, Károly; Fekete, Gergely; Farkas, Zoltán; Lázár, Viktória; Hrtyan, Mónika; Kemmeren, Patrick; Groot Koerkamp, Marian J. A.; Rutkai, Edit; Holstege, Frank C. P.; Papp, Balázs; Pál, Csaba (2014). "The Genomic Landscape of Compensatory Evolution". PLOS Biology. 12 (8): e1001935. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001935. PMC 4144845. PMID 25157590.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  14. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Papp_NRG2011.pdf
  15. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Papp_Nature2004.pdf
  16. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Pal_NatGenetics2005.pdf
  17. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Pal_Nature2006.pdf
  18. ^ https://www.pnas.org/content/104/7/2307.full
  19. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/Szappanos_NatGenet2011.pdf
  20. ^ https://www.pnas.org/content/111/32/11762.full
  21. ^ https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms11607
  22. ^ Lázár, Viktória; Pal Singh, Gajinder; Spohn, Réka; Nagy, István; Horváth, Balázs; Hrtyan, Mónika; Busa‐Fekete, Róbert; Bogos, Balázs; Méhi, Orsolya; Csörgő, Bálint; Pósfai, György; Fekete, Gergely; Szappanos, Balázs; Kégl, Balázs; Papp, Balázs; Pál, Csaba (2013). "Bacterial evolution of antibiotic hypersensitivity". Molecular Systems Biology. 9: 700. doi:10.1038/msb.2013.57. PMID 24169403.
  23. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/Papers/PalPappPosfai-nrg-2014.pdf
  24. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/data/Papers/Nucl.%20Acids%20Res.-2014-Nyerges-nar_gku105.pdf
  25. ^ https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/02/10/1520040113
  26. ^ http://www.nobel-szeged.hu/index.php/hirek/65-erdemes-volt-oxfordbol-hazajonni
  27. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Yonath
  28. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover
  29. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieben_Prize/
  30. ^ https://stipendien.oeaw.ac.at/preise/naturwissenschaften/ignaz-l-lieben-preis/preistraegerinnen/csaba-pal/
  31. ^ http://www.bolyaidij.hu/
  32. ^ https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/P%C3%A1l_Csaba
  33. ^ https://people.embo.org/profile/csaba-pal
  34. ^ https://fems-microbiology.org/network/leading_opinion_in_science/eam-members/fems-expert-dr-csaba-pal/
  35. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-member.html#akos-nyerges
  36. ^ http://group.szbk.u-szeged.hu/sysbiol/pal-csaba-lab-member.html#akos-nyerges

Csaba Pál

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