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Changsha Huanghua International Airport: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 28°11′48″N 113°13′15″E / 28.19667°N 113.22083°E / 28.19667; 113.22083
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| [[GX Airlines]] | [[Baise Bama Airport|Baise]], [[Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport|Dalian]], [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport|Guangzhou]], [[Hohhot Baita International Airport|Hohhot]], [[Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport|Jinan]], [[Jining Qufu Airport|Jining]], [[Linyi Shubuling Airport|Linyi]], [[Nanning Wuxu International Airport|Nanning]], [[Rizhao Shanzihe Airport|Rizhao]], [[Shiyan Wudangshan Airport|Shiyan]], [[Taiyuan Wusu International Airport|Taiyuan]], [[Weifang Airport|Weifang]], [[Xuzhou Guanyin International Airport|Xuzhou]], [[Yantai Penglai International Airport|Yantai]]
| [[GX Airlines]] | [[Baise Bama Airport|Baise]], [[Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport|Dalian]], [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport|Guangzhou]], [[Hohhot Baita International Airport|Hohhot]], [[Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport|Jinan]], [[Jining Qufu Airport|Jining]], [[Linyi Shubuling Airport|Linyi]], [[Nanning Wuxu International Airport|Nanning]], [[Rizhao Shanzihe Airport|Rizhao]], [[Shiyan Wudangshan Airport|Shiyan]], [[Taiyuan Wusu International Airport|Taiyuan]], [[Weifang Airport|Weifang]], [[Xuzhou Guanyin International Airport|Xuzhou]], [[Yantai Penglai International Airport|Yantai]]
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| [[Hainan Airlines]] | [[Beijing Capital International Airport|Beijing–Capital]], [[Changchun Longjia International Airport|Changchun]], [[Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport|Chongqing]], [[Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport|Dalian]], [[Fuzhou Changle International Airport|Fuzhou]],<ref>https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7537</ref> [[Haikou Meilan International Airport|Haikou]], [[Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport|Hangzhou]], [[Harbin Taiping International Airport|Harbin]], [[Hohhot Baita International Airport|Hohhot]], [[Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport|Jinan]], [[Kunming Changshui International Airport|Kunming]], [[Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport|Lanzhou]],<ref>http://www.tynews.com.cn/system/2019/05/09/030124065.shtml</ref> [[Linfen Qiaoli Airport|Linfen]],<ref>http://lf.sxgov.cn/content/2019-04/02/content_9352731.htm</ref> [[Heathrow Airport|London-Heathrow]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/277516/hainan-airlines-adds-changsha-london-heathrow-from-late-mar-2018/|title=Hainan Airlines adds Changsha – London Heathrow from late-Mar 2018|publisher=routesonline|accessdate=9 March 2018}}</ref> [[Los Angeles International Airport|Los Angeles]], [[Melbourne Airport|Melbourne]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/268797/hainan-airlines-plans-changsha-melbourne-launch-in-nov-2016/|title=Hainan Airlines plans Changsha – Melbourne launch in Nov 2016|publisher=routesonline|accessdate=10 September 2016}}</ref> [[Nanning Wuxu International Airport|Nanning]], [[Ningbo Lishe International Airport|Ningbo]], [[Quanzhou Jinjiang International Airport|Quanzhou]], [[Sanya Phoenix International Airport|Sanya]], [[Shanghai Pudong International Airport|Shanghai–Pudong]], [[Shenyang Taoxian International Airport|Shenyang]], [[Sydney Airport|Sydney]] (ends 13 September 2019),<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/284340/hainan-airlines-sydney-inventory-changes-from-june-2019/ |title = Hainan Airlines Sydney inventory changes from June 2019}}</ref> [[Taiyuan Wusu International Airport|Taiyuan]], [[Tianjin Binhai International Airport|Tianjin]], [[Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport|Urumqi]], [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport|Xiamen]],<ref>https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7569</ref> [[Xuzhou Guanyin Airport|Xuzhou]], [[Yan'an Nanniwan Airport|Yan'an]], [[Yantai Penglai International Airport|Yantai]],<ref>https://www.hnair.com/guanyuhaihang/hhxw/hhxw/201903/t20190327_27389.html</ref> [[Yinchuan Hedong International Airport|Yinchuan]], [[Yingkou Lanqi Airport|Yingkou]], [[Zhuhai Jinwan Airport|Zhuhai]]
| [[Hainan Airlines]] | [[Beijing Capital International Airport|Beijing–Capital]], [[Changchun Longjia International Airport|Changchun]], [[Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport|Chongqing]], [[Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport|Dalian]], [[Fuzhou Changle International Airport|Fuzhou]],<ref>https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7537</ref> [[Haikou Meilan International Airport|Haikou]], [[Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport|Hangzhou]], [[Harbin Taiping International Airport|Harbin]], [[Hohhot Baita International Airport|Hohhot]], [[Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport|Jinan]], [[Kunming Changshui International Airport|Kunming]], [[Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport|Lanzhou]],<ref>http://www.tynews.com.cn/system/2019/05/09/030124065.shtml</ref> [[Linfen Qiaoli Airport|Linfen]],<ref>http://lf.sxgov.cn/content/2019-04/02/content_9352731.htm</ref> [[Heathrow Airport|London-Heathrow]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/277516/hainan-airlines-adds-changsha-london-heathrow-from-late-mar-2018/|title=Hainan Airlines adds Changsha – London Heathrow from late-Mar 2018|publisher=routesonline|accessdate=9 March 2018}}</ref> [[Los Angeles International Airport|Los Angeles]], [[Melbourne Airport|Melbourne]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/268797/hainan-airlines-plans-changsha-melbourne-launch-in-nov-2016/|title=Hainan Airlines plans Changsha – Melbourne launch in Nov 2016|publisher=routesonline|accessdate=10 September 2016}}</ref> [[Nanning Wuxu International Airport|Nanning]], [[Ningbo Lishe International Airport|Ningbo]], [[Quanzhou Jinjiang International Airport|Quanzhou]], [[Sanya Phoenix International Airport|Sanya]], [[Shanghai Pudong International Airport|Shanghai–Pudong]], [[Shenyang Taoxian International Airport|Shenyang]],[[Taiyuan Wusu International Airport|Taiyuan]], [[Tianjin Binhai International Airport|Tianjin]], [[Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport|Urumqi]], [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport|Xiamen]],<ref>https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7569</ref> [[Xuzhou Guanyin Airport|Xuzhou]], [[Yan'an Nanniwan Airport|Yan'an]], [[Yantai Penglai International Airport|Yantai]],<ref>https://www.hnair.com/guanyuhaihang/hhxw/hhxw/201903/t20190327_27389.html</ref> [[Yinchuan Hedong International Airport|Yinchuan]], [[Yingkou Lanqi Airport|Yingkou]], [[Zhuhai Jinwan Airport|Zhuhai]]
<!-- -->
<!-- -->
| [[Hebei Airlines]] | [[Beihai Fucheng Airport|Beihai]], [[Shijiazhuang Zhengding International Airport|Shijiazhuang]]
| [[Hebei Airlines]] | [[Beihai Fucheng Airport|Beihai]], [[Shijiazhuang Zhengding International Airport|Shijiazhuang]]

Revision as of 11:36, 13 September 2019

Changsha Huanghua International Airport
File:Changsha airport logo.jpg
Summary
Airport typePublic
OperatorHunan Airport Management Group Co., Ltd.
ServesChangsha, Hunan
LocationHuanghua, Changsha County, Hunan
Opened29 August 1989
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL66 m / 217 ft
Coordinates28°11′48″N 113°13′15″E / 28.19667°N 113.22083°E / 28.19667; 113.22083
Websitecsa.hnjcjt.com
Maps
CAAC airport chart
CAAC airport chart
CSX is located in Hunan
CSX
CSX
Location of airport in Hunan
CSX is located in China
CSX
CSX
CSX (China)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
18R/36L 10,498 3,200 asphalt
18L/36R 12,467 3,800 Concrete
Statistics (2018)
Passengers25,266,251 Increase6.3%
Aircraft movements186,772 Increase 4%
Cargo155,513.1Increase12.1%
Source: CAAC Central and Southern Regional Administration, List of the busiest airports in the People's Republic of China
Changsha Huanghua International Airport
Traditional Chinese長沙黃花國際機場
Simplified Chinese长沙黄花国际机场
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChángshā Huánghuā Guójì Jīchǎng

Changsha Huanghua International Airport (IATA: CSX, ICAO: ZGHA, CAAC LID: HHA)[1] is the airport serving Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, China, as well as nearby cities such as Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. As of 2016, it is the 13th busiest civil airport in China. Located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) from downtown Changsha in the town of Huanghua in Changsha County, the airport has two terminal buildings. The airport is managed by the Hunan Airport Authority, a publicly owned corporation managing all five airports in Hunan Province. Huanghua airport was opened in August 1989, replacing Changsha Datuopu Airport, which is now a military air base.

Terminals

Terminal 1

Terminal 1, with 32,000 m2 of space, has 3 concourses (T1-A, T1-B and T1-c). It was opened in 2000, and the proposed capacity was 4.6 million passengers annually. Terminal 1 was closed for renovation from July 2011 to 17 May 2018 after Terminal 2 became fully operational.

Terminal 1 reopened on 18 May 2018. After renovation, Terminal 1 has 39,000 m2 of space, 38 check-in counters, 10 security lanes and 10 aerobridges. It has the capacity of 6 million passengers annually.[2] Terminal 1 serves Air China, Chengdu Airlines, Joy Air, Okay Airways, Tibet Airlines, Shandong Airlines, Shenzhen Airlines and Kunming Airlines.

Terminal 1 and concourses

Terminal 2

The inauguration of Terminal 2 was on July 19, 2011. With 212,000 square meters of space, the new terminal is the 5th largest airport terminal in mainland China (after Beijing–Capital, Shanghai–Pudong, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen). The 39.9m tall main building of Terminal 2, being 672m in length and 168m in depth, is the largest single steel-truss structure in Hunan. The new terminal has 22 bridge gates, to which the longest passenger walking distance is within 300m. With this new facility, the airport can handle 151,000 aircraft movements and another 15.6 million passengers every year. The peak hour volume of passengers is 3,940.

The Departure Hall has 4 automatic double-glass-door entrances which are directly facing Check-in Areas A,B,C & D respectively. Entrances 1-3 are domestic entrances and Entrance 4 is for International, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan Departures, which will be checked in at Area D. Area A is the exclusive check-in Area for China Southern Airlines. Area B&C are domestic check-in areas for other airlines. The terminal has 80 check-in counters and 24 self-checkin kiosks, 24 security checkpoints and more than 6,390 seats.

The Arrival Hall is equipped with 8 baggage carousels (6 at domestic area and 2 at international area). The indoor parking garage P4, which has 693 parking spaces, is on floor B2. There are also three outdoor parking areas, P1,2&3, which provide over 1000 parking spaces.

Terminal 2 Departure Hall
International area inside Terminal 2

History

From 1957 to 1989, Datuopu Airport served as a dual-use military and civil airport for Changsha. It was only capable of handling small aircraft and a few flights per day. The Hunan Provincial Government proposed the construction of a new airport in October 1984, which was approved by the State Council of China. Construction for Huanghua Airport began in June 1986, and it was opened on 29 August 1989, when all civil flights were transferred to the new airport, and Datuopu reverted to sole military use.[3][4]

On October 28, 2000, the 34,000-square-meter Terminal 1-A, which cost 40.4 million CNY, was opened. The airport was capable of handling 4.6 million passengers per year. Afterwards, the construction of Terminal 1-B and Terminal 1-C were finished to ensure growing passengers and cargo.

The airport then went through a major expansion in 2008–2011, with lengthening of runway 18/36 from 2600m to 3200m and the addition of Terminal 2 which went into operation in 2011. The airport welcomed its first intercontinental destination when China Southern Airlines began service to Frankfurt, Germany on 23 June 2014.[5]

The construction of the second runway was completed in November, 2016. The new 3800mx60m Code-4F runway was built parallel to the current 18/36 runway and lies 380m to the east. The second runway officially came into use on March 30, 2017. The new runway means that Huanghua Airport is now ranked as a 4F, the highest level for an airport, and capable of accommodating wide-body aircraft such as the A380.

On May 16, 2018, the renovated Terminal 1 of the Changsha Huanghua International Airport resumes operation. The domestic flights operated by Air China, Shenzhen Airlines, Shandong Airlines, Chengdu Airlines, Kunming Airlines, Okay Airways, Joy Air, and Tibet Airlines arrive at T1.

Views from Terminal 2
New air traffic control tower
A China Airlines Airbus A330-300 (B-18355) ready for takeoff
A vacant airbridge of Terminal 2
Back view of Terminal 2 from the waiting area

Short-Term Expansion (2030)

The airport is undergoing a major expansion eastwards. After the completion of the 2nd runway, Terminal 3 and the east terminal area will be constructed on the east side of airport, with 500,000 square meters of space. The airport will be capable of handling 60 million passengers annually, with a total investment of 28.5 billion yuan. The airport becomes a hub in Central China after this stage. A third runway of 3600m in length and a GTC with 270,000 square meters of space will also be constructed and ready for use in 2023.

File:Huanghua Airport T3.png
Terminal 3


Long-Term Expansion (2050)

The third parallel runway of 3600m (4E) will be built to the east of Terminal 3&4, and it is 2000 meters away from the second runway. More concourses are to be added to increase the passenger capacity of Terminal 3. And Terminal 4 is to be constructed on the north side of the East terminal area. The east terminal area, in which both Terminals 3&4 lie, is located between the 2nd and 3rd Runways. At the final stage, the fourth parallel runway (3600m) of 4E will be constructed 1035m in the east of the third runway. Two underground tunnels connecting the west area (Terminal 1&2) and the east terminals (Terminal 3&4) are considered.

Changsha Huanghua Int'l airport will become a major hub in China which hosts a number of based airlines. The ultimate capacity of the airport will be 90 million passengers annually.


File:Changsha Airport T3.png

Airlines and destinations

AirlinesDestinations
9 Air Guiyang, Haikou, Hohhot, Lanzhou, Mandalay, Shaoyang
Air China Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Chongqing, Lijiang,[6] Tianjin
Air China
operated by Dalian Airlines
Dalian, Jinan
AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Beijing Capital Airlines Changchun, Haikou, Harbin,[7] Lijiang, Sanya, Shenyang[8]
Cathay Dragon Hong Kong
Chengdu Airlines Chengdu, Dunhuang, Hailar, Jiayuguan, Jieyang, Jinan, Lijiang, Manzhouli, Nanjing, Sanya, Weihai, Xi'an
China Airlines Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[9] Beihai, Dali, Fuzhou, Haikou, Jieyang, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lhasa, Nanjing, Sanya,[10] Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore,[9] Taiyuan, Wuxi, Xi'an, Yancheng, Yantai,[11] Yinchuan, Zhuhai
China Express Airlines Chongqing, Hohhot,[12] Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie
China Southern Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beihai, Beijing–Capital, Changchun, Changzhou, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Guiyang, Haikou, Hanoi, Harbin, Hohhot, Jieyang, Jinan, Korla, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lijiang, Linfen, Meixian, Nagoya–Centrair,[13] Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta,[14] Nanjing, Nanning, Ningbo, Osaka–Kansai, Qianjiang, Qingdao, Sanya, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenyang, Singapore,[15] Taipei–Taoyuan, Tianjin, Tokyo–Narita, Turpan, Urumqi, Wenzhou, Xi'an, Xining, Yinchuan, Yining, Yulin, Zhangjiajie, Zhuhai
China Southern Airlines
operated by Chongqing Airlines
Chongqing, Jieyang
China United Airlines Beijing–Nanyuan, Changzhi, Ordos
Colorful Guizhou Airlines Guiyang, Yibin
Donghai Airlines Haikou, Nantong
Fuzhou Airlines Fuzhou, Zunyi–Xinzhou
GX Airlines Baise, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hohhot, Jinan, Jining, Linyi, Nanning, Rizhao, Shiyan, Taiyuan, Weifang, Xuzhou, Yantai
Hainan Airlines Beijing–Capital, Changchun, Chongqing, Dalian, Fuzhou,[16] Haikou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Hohhot, Jinan, Kunming, Lanzhou,[17] Linfen,[18] London-Heathrow,[19] Los Angeles, Melbourne,[20] Nanning, Ningbo, Quanzhou, Sanya, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenyang,Taiyuan, Tianjin, Urumqi, Xiamen,[21] Xuzhou, Yan'an, Yantai,[22] Yinchuan, Yingkou, Zhuhai
Hebei Airlines Beihai, Shijiazhuang
Jetstar Pacific Airlines Charter: Nha Trang[23]
Joy Air Liping, Tongren,[24] Xiangyang, Zhangjiajie
Juneyao Airlines Lijiang, Osaka–Kansai,[25] Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Wenzhou, Zunyi–Maotai
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon
Kunming Airlines Chengdu, Datong,[26] Kunming, Shenyang,[26] Taiyuan, Taizhou, Tengchong,[27] Xishuangbanna
Lanmei Airlines Siem Reap[28]
Charter: Sihanoukville [29]
Lao Airlines Luang Prabang, Vientiane
Lion Air Manado[30]
Charter: Denpasar/Bali
Loong Air Hangzhou, Nanning,[31] Ningbo,[32] Sihanoukville,[33] Wenzhou,[34] Xingyi, Xining, Zhuhai[35]
Malindo Air Kota Kinabalu
Mandarin Airlines Kaohsiung,[36] Taipei–Taoyuan
New Gen Airways Charter: Bangkok–Don Mueang
Okay Airways Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Da Nang,[37] Harbin, Huizhou, Jeju,[38] Kalibo, Kunming, Nanjing, Nha Trang, Osaka–Kansai,[39] Qingdao, Quanzhou, Shenyang, Taiyuan, Tianjin, Urumqi, Xi'an, Xiamen, Xining, Yantai, Zhanjiang
Qingdao Airlines Hailar,[40] Lanzhou,[41] Luliang,[40] Van Don, Wenzhou,[42] Yantai
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan[43]
Ruili Airlines Mangshi, Shenyang
Scoot Singapore
Shandong Airlines Haikou, Hohhot, Jieyang, Jinan, Qingdao, Xiamen
Shanghai Airlines Kunming, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Wuzhou[44]
Shenzhen Airlines Nanning, Quanzhou,[45] Shenyang, Wuxi, Yantai, Yuncheng
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu, Chongqing, Fuzhou, Harbin, Kunming, Sanya, Wenzhou, Xiamen, Xichang
Spring Airlines Shanghai–Pudong, Xishuangbanna
Sriwijaya Air Charter: Denpasar/Bali
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang, Chiang Mai
Thai Lion Air Bangkok–Don Mueang, Chiang Rai,[46] Phuket
Thai Smile Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Tianjin Airlines Haikou, Kunming, Liupanshui, Ningbo, Tianjin, Urumqi,[47] Zunyi–Xinzhou
Tibet Airlines Kunming,[48] Lhasa, Mangshi,[48] Mianyang[49]
Urumqi Air Lanzhou, Urumqi
West Air Chongqing, Ningbo, Xiamen
XiamenAir Beijing–Capital, Changchun, Chongqing, Dalian, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Hohhot, Huai'an, Jinan, Lanzhou, Lianyungang, Luzhou, Mianyang, Nanchong, Nanjing, Qingdao, Quanzhou, Sanya, Shenyang, Taipei–Taoyuan, Taiyuan, Tianjin, Urumqi, Xi'an, Xiamen, Xining, Xinzhou, Yinchuan
Seasonal: Hailar[50]

Statistics

As for 2016, Changsha Huanghua International Airport was the 13th busiest airport in the People's Republic of China with 21,296,700 passengers.

Year Passengers % Change Cargo (tons) Aircraft Movements
2017 23,764,820 Increase011.6 138,737.6 179,575
2016 21,296,675 Increase013.8 130,276.1 167,910
2015 18,715,278 Increase03.9 122,022.1 153,367
2014 18,020,501 Increase012.6 125,037.8 152,359
2013 16,007,212 Increase08.5 117,588.7 137,843
2012 14,749,701 Increase07.8 110,608.0 127,041
2011 13,684,731 Increase08.4 114,831.1 116,727
2010 12,621,333 Increase08.4 108,635.2 115,635
2009 11,284,282 Increase33.5 86,995.0 110,023
2008 8,454,808 Increase04.8 71,151.9 85,339
2007 8,069,989 Increase14.9 68,629.7 82,041
2006 6,592,602 Increase22.4 62,571.3 71,139
2005 5,301,396 Increase24.4 52,360.3 59,534
2004 3,802,550 Increase27.1 43,133.2 55,054
2003 2,992,543 Increase15.2 34,987.5 46,993
2002 2,598,508 Increase17.2 25,437.9 42,920
2001 2,217,088 Increase09.0 20,375.2 39,194
2000 2,034,526 - 18,552.0 37,722
Changsha Airport Passenger Totals 2000–2016 (millions)

Ground transportation

Maglev

  • Maglev: The regular-speed Changsha Maglev connects Huanghua International Airport and Changsha South Railway Station, it started operation on 6 May 2016.
    • The Maglev line is 18.5 km long and trains and runs at a speed of 120kph to finish the journey in just over 10 minutes.[51]
    • The ticket price is ¥20 between the Airport and South Railway Station. Metro-card holders can receive a 10% discount.
Station Name
English
Station Name
Hanzi
Transfer Location
Changshanan Station 磁浮高铁站  2  Yuhua
Langli 磁浮㮾梨 Changsha County
Changsha Huanghua International Airport 磁浮机场

Metro

  • Metro Line 6: planned and expected to start constructions in following years.

Bus

  • There are direct shuttle buses connecting the airport with Hunan Civil Aviation Hotel (with one stop at GaoQiao on the way), Changsha South Railway Station, and South Bus Station

See also

References

  1. ^ "长沙航空口岸". Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ 长沙机场进入双航站楼双跑道运营时代
  3. ^ Sha, Zhaohua (2018-08-10). "1989年:长沙黄花机场建成通航". Hunan Daily. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
  4. ^ "30年前,见证黄花机场开建". Huaxia. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
  5. ^ "China Southern to Open Direct Flight from Changsha to Frankfurt on June 23".
  6. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/ca4067
  7. ^ http://m.jdair.net/h5/views/hangxian.jsp
  8. ^ http://www.caacnews.com.cn/1/6/201903/t20190321_1269735.html
  9. ^ a b "China Eastern expands South East Asia Network in S19". routesonline. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  10. ^ 东航江苏2018夏秋换季抢先看!
  11. ^ 新航季东航在烟台威海开通多条新航线
  12. ^ http://www.sohu.com/a/305008968_396919
  13. ^ https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/285312/china-southern-adds-changsha-nagoya-route-from-august-2019/
  14. ^ "China Southern adds Changsha – Nairobi service from late-June 2019". routesonline. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  15. ^ Liu, Jim. "China Southern adds Changsha – Singapore service in S19". Routesonline. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  16. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7537
  17. ^ http://www.tynews.com.cn/system/2019/05/09/030124065.shtml
  18. ^ http://lf.sxgov.cn/content/2019-04/02/content_9352731.htm
  19. ^ "Hainan Airlines adds Changsha – London Heathrow from late-Mar 2018". routesonline. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  20. ^ "Hainan Airlines plans Changsha – Melbourne launch in Nov 2016". routesonline. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  21. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/hu7569
  22. ^ https://www.hnair.com/guanyuhaihang/hhxw/hhxw/201903/t20190327_27389.html
  23. ^ "Jetstar Pacific Adds New Cam Ranh/Nha Trang – China Charters in W15".
  24. ^ http://www.sohu.com/a/305506533_232219
  25. ^ "Juneyao Airlines adds Changsha – Osaka from July 2019". routesonline. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  26. ^ a b http://news.carnoc.com/list/486/486711.html
  27. ^ https://kknews.cc/travel/bb45zo.html
  28. ^ "Lanmei Airlines continues China expansion in mid-May 2018".
  29. ^ "Lanmei Airlines schedules new routes in 4Q18".
  30. ^ Template:Cite article
  31. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/gj8884
  32. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/gj8671
  33. ^ https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/285049/loong-air-begins-changsha-sihanoukville-service-from-late-june-2019/
  34. ^ http://www.caacnews.com.cn/1/6/201903/t20190313_1269112.html
  35. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/gj8064
  36. ^ https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20170908006404-260415
  37. ^ http://www.xxcb.cn/event/changsha/2019-03-29/9090965.html
  38. ^ https://moment.rednet.cn/content/2019/04/17/5325633.html
  39. ^ "Okay Airways adds Changsha – Osaka from late-July 2019".
  40. ^ a b http://www.sohu.com/a/316187680_395117
  41. ^ http://news.carnoc.com/list/487/487295.html
  42. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/qw6077
  43. ^ "Royal Brunei begins Changsha service from mid-April 2019".
  44. ^ https://new.qq.com/omn/20190118/20190118A1EJ6I.html
  45. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/zh8768
  46. ^ "Thai Lion Air plans Chiang Rai – Changsha launch in August 2017". routesonline. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  47. ^ http://www.caacnews.com.cn/1/6/201903/t20190319_1269512.html
  48. ^ a b http://www.xzgg.gov.cn/cgly_4154/201903/t20190329_2569164.html
  49. ^ https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/tv9910
  50. ^ http://www.bjgjjmxy.com/html/mtbd/473.html
  51. ^ Changsha to Construct Maglev Train Archived 2014-01-16 at the Wayback Machine, 2014-01-09