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Following the [[2018 Luxembourg general election]], he became the [[list of openly LGBT heads of government|first openly gay prime minister in the world]] to be re-elected for a second term. He leads the cabinet with Co-Deputy Prime Ministers [[Étienne Schneider]] and [[Félix Braz]]. He began his second term when his government was formed on 5 December 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-luxembourg-government/luxembourg-pm-bettel-begins-second-term-of-coalition-government-idUSKBN1O41XI|title=Luxembourg PM Bettel begins second term of coalition government|publisher=Reuters|date=December 5, 2018|accessdate=March 14, 2019}}</ref> The government is a continuation of the [[traffic light coalition]] between the [[Democratic Party (Luxembourg)|Democratic Party]] (DP), the [[Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party]] (LSAP), and [[The Greens (Luxembourg)|The Greens]] from the [[Bettel–Schneider Ministry I|First Bettel–Schneider Ministry]], with minor changes.
Following the [[2018 Luxembourg general election]], he became the [[list of openly LGBT heads of government|first openly gay prime minister in the world]] to be re-elected for a second term. He leads the cabinet with Co-Deputy Prime Ministers [[Étienne Schneider]] and [[Félix Braz]]. He began his second term when his government was formed on 5 December 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-luxembourg-government/luxembourg-pm-bettel-begins-second-term-of-coalition-government-idUSKBN1O41XI|title=Luxembourg PM Bettel begins second term of coalition government|publisher=Reuters|date=December 5, 2018|accessdate=March 14, 2019}}</ref> The government is a continuation of the [[traffic light coalition]] between the [[Democratic Party (Luxembourg)|Democratic Party]] (DP), the [[Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party]] (LSAP), and [[The Greens (Luxembourg)|The Greens]] from the [[Bettel–Schneider Ministry I|First Bettel–Schneider Ministry]], with minor changes.


On 16 September 2019, following a short bilateral meeting on the status of [[Brexit]] negotiations, Bettel continued a press conference without British Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]], after Johnson abruptly pulled out due to an anti-Brexit protest held by British citizens living in Luxembourg.<ref name="JohnsonGuardian">{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/sep/16/johnson-humiliated-by-luxembourg-pm-at-empty-chair-press-conference |title=Boris Johnson humiliated by Luxembourg PM at 'empty chair' press conference |last=Boffey |first=Daniel |date=17 September 2019 |work=The Guardian |accessdate= 17 September 2019}}</ref> Bettel gestured towards Johnson's empty podium and confirmed that the UK government had not tabled any concrete proposals for amendments to the UK's [[Brexit withdrawal agreement|Withdrawal Agreement]], particularly the "[[Irish backstop]]" that Johnson wishes to replace.<ref name="JohnsonNoDetail">{{cite news |last1=Fleming |first1=Sam |last2=Brunsden |first2=Jim |last3=Parker |first3=George |title=Boris Johnson frustrates EU with dearth of fresh Brexit detail |url=https://www.ft.com/content/695b5e04-d87e-11e9-8f9b-77216ebe1f17 |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=Financial Times |date=16 September 2019}}</ref> This being despite the public pronouncements of Prime Minister Johnson and the UK's departure date from the EU fast approaching.<ref name="JohnsonNoDetail" /> Pro-Brexit UK media reported the matter as an ambush,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rayner |first1=Gordon |last2=Yorke |first2=Harry |last3=Rothwell |first3=James |title=Brexit latest news: Boris Johnson walks into ambush as Luxembourg's PM holds press conference next to empty podium |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/09/16/brexit-news-latest-deal-boris-johnson-jean-claude-juncker/ |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=The Telegraph |date=16 September 2019}}</ref> whilst other UK and international media outlets largely saw the incident, and the reaction of pro-Brexit UK media outlets to it, as confirming the empty bravado and rhetoric of Johnson's premiership, the reduced status of the UK post-Brexit, and the increasing oversensitivty and aversion of pro-Brexit pundits and politicians to criticism.<ref name="JohnsonGuardian" /><ref name="JohnsonNoDetail" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Fuentes |first1=Ángel Gómez |title=Johnson forzado a huir de los abucheos en Luxemburgo |url=https://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-johnson-y-juncker-acuerdan-intensificar-conversaciones-brexit-201909161856_noticia.html |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=abc |date=16 September 2019 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Peeperkorn |first1=Marc |title=Brexitlunch met Juncker loopt uit op koude douche voor Boris Johnson |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/brexitlunch-met-juncker-loopt-uit-op-koude-douche-voor-boris-johnson~b6d56450/?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fboris-johnson-xavier-bettel-luxembourg-brexit-europe-newspapers-a9108131.html |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=de Volkskrant |date=16 September 2019 |language=nl-NL}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Skarżyński |first1=Stanisław |title=Premier Luksemburga brutalnie zadrwił z Borisa Johnsona [BREXIT Z BLISKA] |url=http://wyborcza.pl/7,75399,25201123,premier-luksemburga-brutalnie-zadrwil-borisa-johnsona-brexit.html?disableRedirects=true#S.main_topic-K.C-B.1-L.2.duzy |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=wyborcza.pl |language=pl |date=17 September 2019}}</ref>
On 16 September 2019, following a short bilateral meeting on the status of [[Brexit]] negotiations, Bettel continued a press conference without British Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]], after Johnson abruptly pulled out due to an anti-Brexit protest held by British citizens living in Luxembourg.<ref name="JohnsonGuardian">{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/sep/16/johnson-humiliated-by-luxembourg-pm-at-empty-chair-press-conference |title=Boris Johnson humiliated by Luxembourg PM at 'empty chair' press conference |last=Boffey |first=Daniel |date=17 September 2019 |work=The Guardian |accessdate= 17 September 2019}}</ref> Bettel gestured towards Johnson's empty podium and confirmed that the UK government had not tabled any concrete proposals for amendments to the UK's [[Brexit withdrawal agreement|Withdrawal Agreement]], particularly the "[[Irish backstop]]" that Johnson wishes to replace.<ref name="JohnsonNoDetail">{{cite news |last1=Fleming |first1=Sam |last2=Brunsden |first2=Jim |last3=Parker |first3=George |title=Boris Johnson frustrates EU with dearth of fresh Brexit detail |url=https://www.ft.com/content/695b5e04-d87e-11e9-8f9b-77216ebe1f17 |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=Financial Times |date=16 September 2019}}</ref> This being despite the public pronouncements of Prime Minister Johnson and the UK's departure date from the EU fast approaching.<ref name="JohnsonNoDetail" /> Pro-Brexit UK media reported the matter as an ambush,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rayner |first1=Gordon |last2=Yorke |first2=Harry |last3=Rothwell |first3=James |title=Brexit latest news: Boris Johnson walks into ambush as Luxembourg's PM holds press conference next to empty podium |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/09/16/brexit-news-latest-deal-boris-johnson-jean-claude-juncker/ |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=The Telegraph |date=16 September 2019}}</ref> whilst other UK and international media outlets largely saw the incident, and the reaction of pro-Brexit UK media outlets to it, as confirming the empty bravado and rhetoric of Johnson's premiership, the reduced status of the UK post-Brexit, and the increasing hypersensitivity and aversion of pro-Brexit pundits and politicians to criticism.<ref name="JohnsonGuardian" /><ref name="JohnsonNoDetail" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Fuentes |first1=Ángel Gómez |title=Johnson forzado a huir de los abucheos en Luxemburgo |url=https://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-johnson-y-juncker-acuerdan-intensificar-conversaciones-brexit-201909161856_noticia.html |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=abc |date=16 September 2019 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Peeperkorn |first1=Marc |title=Brexitlunch met Juncker loopt uit op koude douche voor Boris Johnson |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/brexitlunch-met-juncker-loopt-uit-op-koude-douche-voor-boris-johnson~b6d56450/?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fboris-johnson-xavier-bettel-luxembourg-brexit-europe-newspapers-a9108131.html |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=de Volkskrant |date=16 September 2019 |language=nl-NL}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Skarżyński |first1=Stanisław |title=Premier Luksemburga brutalnie zadrwił z Borisa Johnsona [BREXIT Z BLISKA] |url=http://wyborcza.pl/7,75399,25201123,premier-luksemburga-brutalnie-zadrwil-borisa-johnsona-brexit.html?disableRedirects=true#S.main_topic-K.C-B.1-L.2.duzy |accessdate=17 September 2019 |work=wyborcza.pl |language=pl |date=17 September 2019}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==

Revision as of 15:22, 18 September 2019

Xavier Bettel
Prime Minister of Luxembourg
Incumbent
Assumed office
4 December 2013
MonarchHenri
DeputyEtienne Schneider
Preceded byJean-Claude Juncker
Minister for Communications and Media
Incumbent
Assumed office
4 December 2013
Preceded byFrançois Biltgen
Mayor of Luxembourg City
In office
24 November 2011 – 4 December 2013
Preceded byPaul Helminger
Succeeded byLydie Polfer
Personal details
Born (1973-03-03) 3 March 1973 (age 51)
Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
Political partyDemocratic Party
Spouse
​
(m. 2015)​
Alma materAristotle University of Thessaloniki
Nancy 2 University

Xavier Bettel (Luxembourgish pronunciation: [ˈksɑvieː ˈbətəl]; born 3 March 1973) is a Luxembourg politician who has been Prime Minister of Luxembourg since 2013. He has previously served as Mayor of Luxembourg City, and is also a Member of the Chamber of Deputies.[1][2]

Bettel is a member of the Democratic Party.[3] Following the 2018 Luxembourg general election he became the first openly gay Prime Minister in the world to be re-elected for a second term.[4][5]

Early life

Bettel was born on 3 March 1973 in Luxembourg City. His father, Claude Bettel, was a wine merchant and his mother, Aniela, is French of Russian descent and a grandniece of the composer Sergei Rachmaninoff.[6][7][8] After completing his secondary school studies at the Lycée Hélène Boucher in Thionville,[9] Bettel obtained a master's degree in Public and European Law and a DEA in Political Science and Public Law from Nancy 2 University in Nancy, France.[10][11] He also studied maritime law as well as canon law at Aristotle University in Thessaloniki, Greece. He participated in the Erasmus Programme.[12] For four years in the early 2000s he hosted Sonndes em 8, a weekly talkshow, on the now-defunct private T.TV television network.[13][14] In 2017, he also received an Honorary doctorate from Sacred Heart University Luxembourg[15][16]

Political life

Municipal politics

In the 1999 communal elections, Bettel was elected to Luxembourg City's communal council, finishing sixth on the DP's list. On 12 July 2001, he qualified as a lawyer.[2] By the time of the 2004 legislative election, Bettel had significantly consolidated his position, and finished fourth (of the five DP members elected), giving him a seat in the Chamber of Deputies.[17] On 28 November 2005, after the communal elections in which he was placed fourth on the DP list, Bettel was appointed échevin in the Council of Luxembourg City.[2]

Following municipal elections on 9 October 2011, at the young age of 38, Bettel was sworn in as Mayor of Luxembourg on 24 November 2011.[18][19]

National politics

Bettel ran for the Chamber of Deputies in the 1999 legislative election, and finished 10th amongst DP candidates in the Centre constituency, with the top seven being elected.[20] However, the DP overtook the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) as the second-largest party, and its members formed the majority of the new government as the Christian Social People's Party's (CSV) coalition partners. Thus, with Lydie Polfer and Anne Brasseur vacating their seats to take roles in the government, and Colette Flesch not taking her seat so as to focus on her role as Member of the European Parliament, Bettel was appointed to the Chamber, starting 12 August 1999.[2]

Prime Minister

First term

In 2013, Bettel was elected leader of the Democratic Party, and in the 2013 election, led the party to a third-ranked position in parliamentary seats. On 25 October, Bettel was designated by Grand Duke Henri as the formateur for the next government.[21] He assumed his post as Luxembourg's Prime Minister on 4 December 2013. In the government's coalition of the Democratic Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party and The Greens, he also holds the functions of Minister of State, Minister for Communications and the Media, and Minister for Religious Affairs.[2]

His policies were expected to include reforms on same-sex marriage, replace religious instruction in schools with general ethics classes and cut spending to maintain Luxembourg's AAA credit rating.[22]

Second term

Following the 2018 Luxembourg general election, he became the first openly gay prime minister in the world to be re-elected for a second term. He leads the cabinet with Co-Deputy Prime Ministers Étienne Schneider and Félix Braz. He began his second term when his government was formed on 5 December 2018.[23] The government is a continuation of the traffic light coalition between the Democratic Party (DP), the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP), and The Greens from the First Bettel–Schneider Ministry, with minor changes.

On 16 September 2019, following a short bilateral meeting on the status of Brexit negotiations, Bettel continued a press conference without British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, after Johnson abruptly pulled out due to an anti-Brexit protest held by British citizens living in Luxembourg.[24] Bettel gestured towards Johnson's empty podium and confirmed that the UK government had not tabled any concrete proposals for amendments to the UK's Withdrawal Agreement, particularly the "Irish backstop" that Johnson wishes to replace.[25] This being despite the public pronouncements of Prime Minister Johnson and the UK's departure date from the EU fast approaching.[25] Pro-Brexit UK media reported the matter as an ambush,[26] whilst other UK and international media outlets largely saw the incident, and the reaction of pro-Brexit UK media outlets to it, as confirming the empty bravado and rhetoric of Johnson's premiership, the reduced status of the UK post-Brexit, and the increasing hypersensitivity and aversion of pro-Brexit pundits and politicians to criticism.[24][25][27][28][29]

Personal life

Bettel is openly gay,[30] and has stated that increasingly in Luxembourg "people do not consider the fact of whether someone is gay or not". Bettel is Luxembourg's first openly gay Prime Minister and, worldwide, the third openly gay head of government following Iceland's Prime Minister Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir (2009–2013) and Belgium's Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo (2011–2014). As of 2017, he is one of three openly gay world leaders in office, the others being Leo Varadkar, the Taoiseach of Ireland;[31] and Ana Brnabić, the Prime Minister of Serbia.

Bettel has been married to Gauthier Destenay since 2015,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38] the same year that same-sex marriage was introduced to Luxembourg.[39][40]

Honours and awards

Award or decoration Country Date
Order of Civil Merit  Spain 2007
Order of Orange-Nassau (Grand Officer)  Netherlands 2012
Order of the Oak Crown (Knight Grand cross)  Luxembourg 2014[41][42]
Legion of Honour (Commandeur)  France 2015
Order of the Crown (Grand Cross)  Belgium 2017[43]
Order of Prince Henry (Grand Cross)  Portugal 2017[44]
Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (Member 1st Class)  Estonia 2018[45]
Order of Orange-Nassau (Knight Grand Cross)  Netherlands 2018

See also

References

  1. ^ "Xavier Bettel". Ville de Luxembourg. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e "Xavier Bettel". Bettel, Xavier: Biographie. Gouvernement du Grand Duché de Luxembourg. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Reuters (4 December 2013). "Xavier Bettel Is Luxembourg's First Gay Prime Minister". Huffington Post. Retrieved 20 November 2017. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  4. ^ https://www.politico.eu/article/xavier-bettel-asked-to-form-next-luxembourg-government/
  5. ^ https://luxtimes.lu/luxembourg/35309-bettel-appointed-formateur-of-new-government
  6. ^ "Xavier Bettel, un jeune libéral pressé". Le Républicain Lorrain. 26 October 2013.
  7. ^ ""Vielleicht nicht der beliebteste Premier"". revue.lu. 18 December 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ Brach, Jean-Luc (25 October 2016). "Quand l'IT rencontre l'espace" [When IT meets space]. www.itone.lu (in French). Retrieved 18 July 2019. Le Lycée Hélène Boucher de Thionville est LE lycée de la Grande Région. Grand nombre d'élèves Luxembourgeois et Belges y font ou y ont fait leurs études. Xavier Bettel, entre autre, a été l'un d'entre eux.
  10. ^ "Xavier Bettel, un "fêtard" qui se remarquait". L'Essentiel Online. 5 November 2013.
  11. ^ "Wie Xavier Bettel als Student Party machte". L'Essentiel Online. 5 November 2013.
  12. ^ "Well-known Erasmus students – inspiring careers" (PDF). Programma LLP. p. 7.
  13. ^ "TV Talkshow "Sonndes em 8" [1/2] (2005)". chienguidelux via YouTube. 2005.
  14. ^ Strätz, Susanne (21 March 2007). "Luxemburg:Finanzmetropole im Modellbahn-Look". Der Spiegel.
  15. ^ "Luxembourg's Prime Minister becomes "Doctor" - Delano - Luxembourg in English". Delano. 16 June 2017.
  16. ^ Bettel, Xavier (15 June 2017). "Honoured that I have been awarded Doctor Honoris Causa by the Sacred Heart University Luxembourg on their 25. anniversarypic.twitter.com/i5RbQynZzo".
  17. ^ "2004: Circonscription Centre". Service Information et Presse. 7 April 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  18. ^ "Xavier Bettel - Luxembourg City's new Mayor", Wort.lu, 10 October 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
  19. ^ "Xavier Bettel sworn in as capital's mayor", Wort.lu, 24 November 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011
  20. ^ "1999: Circonscription Centre". Service Information et Presse. 7 April 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  21. ^ "Xavier Bettel officially in charge of forming new Luxembourg government". Luxemburger Wort. 25 October 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  22. ^ "Luxembourg gets first openly gay PM". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
  23. ^ "Luxembourg PM Bettel begins second term of coalition government". Reuters. 5 December 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  24. ^ a b Boffey, Daniel (17 September 2019). "Boris Johnson humiliated by Luxembourg PM at 'empty chair' press conference". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  25. ^ a b c Fleming, Sam; Brunsden, Jim; Parker, George (16 September 2019). "Boris Johnson frustrates EU with dearth of fresh Brexit detail". Financial Times. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  26. ^ Rayner, Gordon; Yorke, Harry; Rothwell, James (16 September 2019). "Brexit latest news: Boris Johnson walks into ambush as Luxembourg's PM holds press conference next to empty podium". The Telegraph. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  27. ^ Fuentes, Ángel Gómez (16 September 2019). "Johnson forzado a huir de los abucheos en Luxemburgo". abc (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  28. ^ Peeperkorn, Marc (16 September 2019). "Brexitlunch met Juncker loopt uit op koude douche voor Boris Johnson". de Volkskrant (in Dutch). Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  29. ^ Skarżyński, Stanisław (17 September 2019). "Premier Luksemburga brutalnie zadrwił z Borisa Johnsona [BREXIT Z BLISKA]". wyborcza.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  30. ^ "Je suis surpris de devenir bourgmestre". L'essentiel. 11 October 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  31. ^ "Leo Varadkar, gay son of Indian immigrant, to be next Irish PM." The Guardian. 2017-06-02. Retrieved 2017-06-03.
  32. ^ "Wedding this week: Bettel marriage grabs international headlines". Wort.lu. 12 May 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  33. ^ "El primer ministro luxemburgués se casa... con su novio". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  34. ^ Observador. "É oficial: o primeiro-ministro luxemburguês é marido de Gauthier Destenay". Observador. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  35. ^ "Xavier Bettel: Luxemburger Regierungschef heiratet seinen Freund - WELT". DIE WELT. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  36. ^ "Gay leader of staunchly Catholic Luxembourg marries partner". CBC News. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  37. ^ "Luxembourg PM first EU leader to marry same-sex partner". BBC News. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  38. ^ "Lussemburgo: il premier Bettel sposa il compagno Gauthier Destenay". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  39. ^ "Luxembourg Prime Minister engaged to be married". Luxemburger Wort. 21 August 2014.
  40. ^ "Xavier Bettel and Gauthier Destenay say 'I do'". Luxemburger Wort. 15 May 2015.
  41. ^ Publié le samedi 14 juin 2014 à 11:45. "Luxemburger Wort - Xavier Bettel honoré par le Grand-Duc". Wort.lu. Retrieved 17 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  42. ^ Published on Saturday, 14 June 2014 at 08:31 (14 June 2014). "Luxemburger Wort - Bettel receives Grand Ducal order". Wort.lu. Retrieved 17 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  43. ^ Remise de la grand-croix de l'ordre de la Couronne à Xavier Bettel par Charles Michel Archived 2 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine on www.gouvernement.lu
  44. ^ GouvernementLU [@gouv_lu] (23 May 2017). "Dîner de gala au palais grand-ducal" (Tweet) – via Twitter./photo/1
  45. ^ https://www.president.ee/en/estonia/decorations/bearer/19738/xavier-bettel/
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Xavier Bettel.
Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Luxembourg City
2011–2013 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Communications and Media
2013–present 		Incumbent
Minister for Religious Affairs
2013–present
Preceded by Prime Minister of Luxembourg
2013–present
Party political offices
Preceded by Leader of the Democratic Party
2013–present 		Incumbent
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