Jump to content

432 Park Avenue: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 40°45′41″N 73°58′18.5″W / 40.76139°N 73.971806°W / 40.76139; -73.971806
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Reverted 1 edit by 73.97.193.236 (talk): Read the references. They say "mixed" (TW)
Undid revision 926729404 by Arthur Rubin (talk)
Line 61: Line 61:


==Reception==
==Reception==
The skyscraper has received mixed reviews from both professionals and the public alike. Not everyone agreed with the artistic value of the building.<ref name="Rhodes"/><ref name="nytnyregion">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/14/nyregion/432-park-avenue-tower-the-tallest-if-not-the-fairest-of-them-all.html|title=432 Park Avenue Tower the tallest if not the fairest of them all|publisher=The New York Times|date=October 14, 2014|accessdate=June 3, 2016}}</ref> Some city residents have criticized 432 Park Avenue, stating that it represents New York's increasing cost of living and ostentatious wealth.<ref name="nytnyregion"/> 432 Park's association to wealth inequality was also remarked upon by the building's architect himself, Rafael Viñoly, who commented that "There are only two markets, ultraluxury and subsidized housing."<ref name="Brown">{{cite web|last1=Brown|first1=Joshua|title=Meet the house that inequality built: 432 Park Avenue|url=http://fortune.com/2014/11/24/432-park-avenue-inequality-wealth/|website=Fortune: Real Estate|accessdate=March 17, 2017}}</ref> Other critics noted 432 Park's slenderness and simplicity. For example, fashion consultant [[Tim Gunn]] described the building as "just a thin column. It needs a little cap."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/22/nyregion/how-tim-gunn-of-project-runway-spends-his-sunday.html|title=Sunday Routine|last=Robinson|first=Kara Mayer|date=March 20, 2015|work=New York Times|access-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> The architecture critic for ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine, [[Justin Davidson]], wrote that the building is nothing more than just "stacked cubbyhole units" and questioned the creative value of the building.<ref name="Rhodes"/>
The skyscraper has received mostly negative reviews from both professionals and the public alike for its extensive ugliness and lack of any semblance of artisticaly redeeming qualities. Nearly everyone agreed with the lack of artistic value of the building.<ref name="Rhodes"/><ref name="nytnyregion">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/14/nyregion/432-park-avenue-tower-the-tallest-if-not-the-fairest-of-them-all.html|title=432 Park Avenue Tower the tallest if not the fairest of them all|publisher=The New York Times|date=October 14, 2014|accessdate=June 3, 2016}}</ref> Some city residents have criticized 432 Park Avenue, stating that it represents New York's increasing cost of living and ostentatious wealth.<ref name="nytnyregion"/> 432 Park's association to wealth inequality was also remarked upon by the building's architect himself, Rafael Viñoly, who commented that "There are only two markets, ultraluxury and subsidized housing."<ref name="Brown">{{cite web|last1=Brown|first1=Joshua|title=Meet the house that inequality built: 432 Park Avenue|url=http://fortune.com/2014/11/24/432-park-avenue-inequality-wealth/|website=Fortune: Real Estate|accessdate=March 17, 2017}}</ref> Other critics noted 432 Park's slenderness and simplicity. For example, fashion consultant [[Tim Gunn]] described the building as "just a thin column. It needs a little cap."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/22/nyregion/how-tim-gunn-of-project-runway-spends-his-sunday.html|title=Sunday Routine|last=Robinson|first=Kara Mayer|date=March 20, 2015|work=New York Times|access-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> The architecture critic for ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine, [[Justin Davidson]], wrote that the building is nothing more than just "stacked cubbyhole units" and questioned the creative value of the building.<ref name="Rhodes"/>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==

Revision as of 06:45, 23 November 2019

432 Park Avenue
Map
General information
StatusComplete
TypeResidential
Architectural styleModern
Location432 Park Avenue
Manhattan, New York City
Coordinates40°45′41″N 73°58′18.5″W / 40.76139°N 73.971806°W / 40.76139; -73.971806
Construction started
  • Foundation: September 2011
  • Aboveground structure: May 2012
CompletedDecember 23, 2015[1]
CostUS$1.25 billion[4]
Height
Architectural1,396 ft (425.5 m)[2]
Tip1,396 ft (425.5 m)[2]
Top floor1,286 ft (392.1 m)[2] (occupied)
Technical details
Floor count88[3]
Floor area412,637 square feet (38,335 m2)
Lifts/elevators10
Design and construction
Architect(s)Rafael Viñoly[2] and SLCE Architects, LLP
DeveloperCIM Group / Macklowe Properties
Structural engineerWSP Cantor Seinuk
Main contractorLend Lease Group

432 Park Avenue is a residential skyscraper in New York City that overlooks Central Park. Originally proposed to be 1,300 feet (396.2 meters) in 2011,[5] the structure topped out at 1,396 ft (425.5 m).[2][6][7] It was developed by CIM Group and features 125 condominium apartments. Construction began in 2011 and was completed on December 23, 2015.[1]

The construction was preceded by the demolition of the historic 495-room Drake Hotel and adjacent, typical 19th-century New York townhouses. Built in 1926, the Drake was purchased for $440 million in 2006 (equivalent to $640 million in 2023[8]) by developer Harry Macklowe and razed the next year. Its footprint became one of New York's most valuable development sites due to its location[9] between East 56th and 57th Streets on the west side of Park Avenue.

As completed, 432 Park Avenue is the third-tallest building in the United States and the tallest residential building in the world.[10]

Height and slenderness

432 Park Avenue officially topped out on October 10, 2014, at 1,398 feet (426 m)[6][11] making it the second-tallest building in New York City after One World Trade Center and the fifteenth-tallest building in the world.[12] Because much of One World Trade Center's height is in its spire and its base is nearly 40 feet (12 m) lower than 432 Park's, the rooftop of 432 Park is, as of 2019, the highest in the city. It surpassed 311 South Wacker as the tallest building in the world known only by its street address.[13]

The tower sits in the middle of the block bounded by East 56th Street, Madison Avenue, East 57th Street, and Park Avenue. The building's 100-foot (30 m) base covers most of the 41,000-square-foot (3,800 m2) lot.[14] The tower is a 93-foot (28 m) square in plan, giving each floorplate an occupiable area of 8,255 square feet (766.9 m2).[15] At 15:1, 432 Park has one of the greatest height-to-width ratios of any skyscraper in the world.

Design

The building's permanent nightly illumination scheme; shown on its mechanical floors, which began on November 14, 2016.[16]

The design of the structure was conceived by architect Rafael Viñoly who was inspired by a trash can designed in 1905 by Austrian designer Josef Hoffmann.[17] The tower has eighty-four 8,255-square-foot (766.9 m2) stories, each with six 100-square-foot (9.3 m2) windows per face. Interiors are designed by Deborah Berke and the firm Bentel & Bentel, which also designed Eleven Madison Park and the Gramercy Tavern.[18] Berke's design brief was simply “no set budget, make it look fantastic”.[19] To support its thin orthogonal frame, the structure features larger columns at its base than on the upper floors.[17]

Apartments and amenities

The tower's condominium units feature high ceilings, and range from a 351-square-foot (32.6 m2) studio to a 8,255-square-foot (766.9 m2), six-bedroom, seven-bath penthouse with a library, which sold for $95 million to real estate mogul Fawaz Alhokair.[20][21][22][23] The building's amenities include 12-foot (3.7 m) ceilings, golf training facilities and private dining and screening rooms.[24]

The first sale of apartment #35B was reported in January 2016 for $18.116 million, more than the $17.75 million asking price. Ten additional apartments were available at the time ranging from $17.4 to $44.25 million. #35B covers 4,000 square feet (370 m2), one half of the 35th floor of the tower, and contains three bedrooms and four-and-a-half baths. Each face has six 10 by 10 ft (3.0 by 3.0 m) windows, which for #35B, face south and west with views of Central Park.[25][26]

Engineering

The structure of the tower is composed of a 30-foot (9.1 m) square, reinforced concrete core with 30-inch-thick (76 cm) walls, which the engineer, Silvian Marcus, describes as "like the backbone of a body." This core houses the elevator shafts and all the building mechanical services. The outer structural skin is composed of a grid of 3 ft 8 in (1.12 m) wide columns and equal width spandrel (horizontal, exterior) beams of reinforced concrete that encloses the symmetric "basket grid" of window openings. The columns begin with a depth of 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) at the bottom of the tower, to as little as 20 in (51 cm) at the top. This layout permits all of the interior space on each floor to remain fully open for the complete 27 feet (8.2 m) span between the core and shell.[27][28]

The façade, with the formed surface left as the final finish without any added facia, was poured in place from concrete using 14,000 psi white Portland cement, and cast around preassembled full-floor cages of #20 rebars with articulated steel formwork. The floor-to-floor height of each of the 85 stories is 15 ft 6 in (4.72 m), with 10 in (25 cm) thick floor slabs, although to damp the acceleration from wind loads, upper floors have slabs up to 18 in (46 cm) thick to add more mass. Also aimed at reducing the potentially uncomfortable effects of swaying due to wind vortex loading on such a flexible tower, the window grid and interior space of 2 floors between every 12 occupied floors are left open to allow the wind to pass through. These floors also contain modularized mechanical services for the six floors above and below to reduce ductwork. In addition two tuned mass dampers are located at the top of the tower and in the outriggers of some of the mechanical floors to help damp the motion.[28]

Ownership

By the end of 2015, close to 90% of the apartments had been sold, with almost half of those owned by a foreign citizen, "part of a global elite that collects residences like art."[29] It has been estimated that the majority of the units will remain unoccupied for more than ten months a year.[29]

Some notable residents include Bennett LeBow, David Chu, Jennifer Lopez, and Alex Rodriguez.[30]

Reception

The skyscraper has received mostly negative reviews from both professionals and the public alike for its extensive ugliness and lack of any semblance of artisticaly redeeming qualities. Nearly everyone agreed with the lack of artistic value of the building.[17][31] Some city residents have criticized 432 Park Avenue, stating that it represents New York's increasing cost of living and ostentatious wealth.[31] 432 Park's association to wealth inequality was also remarked upon by the building's architect himself, Rafael Viñoly, who commented that "There are only two markets, ultraluxury and subsidized housing."[32] Other critics noted 432 Park's slenderness and simplicity. For example, fashion consultant Tim Gunn described the building as "just a thin column. It needs a little cap."[33] The architecture critic for New York magazine, Justin Davidson, wrote that the building is nothing more than just "stacked cubbyhole units" and questioned the creative value of the building.[17]

  • Ground up view from 56th Street in July 2014
    Ground up view from 56th Street in July 2014
  • Under construction in March 2015
    Under construction in March 2015
  • Completed in 2016
    Completed in 2016
  • Viewed from the ground at night
    Viewed from the ground at night
  • Seen from a distance
    Seen from a distance
  • Tallest buildings in New York City by pinnacle height. 432 Park Avenue is third from the left
    Tallest buildings in New York City by pinnacle height. 432 Park Avenue is third from the left

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "World Reaches 100 Supertall Skyscrapers with Completion of 432 Park Avenue". CTBUH. CTBUH Global News. January 13, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e "432 Park Avenue - The Skyscraper Center". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  3. ^ "432 Park Avenue - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved March 22, 2019.
  4. ^ "Ultra-luxury high rise boom amid New York's housing crisis". World Socialist Web Site. June 24, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  5. ^ "CIM Group and New York real estate magnate Harry Macklowe plan 1,300 foot Manhattan condo and retail complex". PBT Consulting. October 23, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  6. ^ a b Chaban, Matt A.V. (October 13, 2014). "New Manhattan Tower Is Now the Tallest, if Not the Fairest, of Them All". The New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  7. ^ "432 Park Avenue". SkyscraperPage. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
  8. ^ Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023). "What Was the U.S. GDP Then?". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved November 30, 2023. United States Gross Domestic Product deflator figures follow the MeasuringWorth series.
  9. ^ "Drake Hotel tops most valuable NYC development sites list". The Real Deal. June 21, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2012.
  10. ^ "The Skyscraper Center". CTBUH. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  11. ^ "Inside the Tallest Residential Building in the Western Hemisphere". ABC News. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
  12. ^ "432 Park Avenue - The Skyscraper Center". SkyscraperCenter.com. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
  13. ^ Sudo, Chuck (November 28, 2016). "The Forgotten History Of Chicago Supertalls: Everything You Need To Know About 311 South Wacker". Bisnow.com. Retrieved December 20, 2018.
  14. ^ "Zoning Documents". NYC Buildings. December 6, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
  15. ^ Budin, Jeremiah (April 7, 2014). "Here's 432 Park Avenue's 92nd-Floor $79.5 Million Penthouse". Curbed. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
  16. ^ "432 Park Avenue Unveils Its Lighting Display". www.yimbynews.com. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
  17. ^ a b c d Rhodes, Margaret. "NYC's $1.3B Supertall Skyscraper Was Inspired by a Trash Can". WIRED. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
  18. ^ "432 Park Avenue". CityRealty.
  19. ^ "The rise of New York's luxury towers". MATT POMROY. December 3, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
  20. ^ Rosenberg, Zoe (May 29, 2015). "Buyer Outed For 432 Park Avenue's $95 Million Penthouse". Curbed NY. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
  21. ^ "Inside 432 Park Avenue, The $95 Million New York City Apartment - Pursuitist". pursuitist.com. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
  22. ^ Bagli, Charles V. (May 18, 2013). "Boom in Luxury Towers Is Warping New York Real Estate Market". The New York Times.
  23. ^ Alicia Adamczyk (October 16, 2014). "Inside New York's $95 million Penthouse: 432 Park Avenue". Forbes Life. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
  24. ^ Karmin, Craig (October 19, 2011). "New York Placing Tallest Order". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
  25. ^ "432 Park Avenue". 432ParkAvenue. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
  26. ^ "432 Park Avenue Records Its First Blockbuster Closing at $18.1M". 6sqft. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
  27. ^ Alberts, Hana. "Watch 432 Park's Engineer Explain How The Tower Stays Up". Curbed NY. Vox Media. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
  28. ^ a b Stewart, Aaron. "In Detail> 432 Park Avenue". The Architect's Newspaper. Retrieved January 31, 2016.
  29. ^ a b Marc Pitzke (December 1, 2015). "Mausoleum des Reichtums" (in German). Der Spiegel. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  30. ^ "Here's who lives at 432 Park Avenue". The Real Deal. May 1, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2018.[permanent dead link‍]
  31. ^ a b "432 Park Avenue Tower the tallest if not the fairest of them all". The New York Times. October 14, 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
  32. ^ Brown, Joshua. "Meet the house that inequality built: 432 Park Avenue". Fortune: Real Estate. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
  33. ^ Robinson, Kara Mayer (March 20, 2015). "Sunday Routine". New York Times. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 432 Park Avenue.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=432_Park_Avenue&oldid=927555932"