Bronchopneumonia: Difference between revisions
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|synonym = Bronchial pneumonia, bronchogenic pneumonia |
|synonym = Bronchial pneumonia, bronchogenic pneumonia |
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|image = Lobar Pneumonia and bronchopneumonia illustrated.jpg |
|image = Lobar Pneumonia and bronchopneumonia illustrated.jpg |
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|caption = Typical distribution of lobar pneumonia (left in image) and bronchopneumonia (right in image) |
|caption = Typical distribution of lobar pneumonia (left in image) and bronchopneumonia (right in image) |
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It is often contrasted with [[lobar pneumonia]] but in clinical practice the types are difficult to apply, as the patterns usually overlap. Bronchopneumonia (lobular) often leads to lobar pneumonia as the infection progresses. The same organism may cause one type of pneumonia in one patient, and another in a different patient. |
It is often contrasted with [[lobar pneumonia]] but in clinical practice the types are difficult to apply, as the patterns usually overlap. Bronchopneumonia (lobular) often leads to lobar pneumonia as the infection progresses. The same organism may cause one type of pneumonia in one patient, and another in a different patient. |
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[[File:X-ray of bronchopneumonia.png|thumb|X-ray of bronchopneumonia: multifocal lung consolidation bilaterally.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Franquet|first1=Tomás|last2=Chung|first2=Johnathan H.|title=Imaging of Pulmonary Infection|year=2019|pages=65–77|issn=2523-7829|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-11149-6_7|journal=Part of the IDKD Springer Series book series (IDKD)}}<br>-"This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)"</ref>]] |
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==Causes== |
==Causes== |
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Bronchopneumonia is usually a [[bacterial pneumonia]] rather than being caused by [[viral disease]].<ref name=helathline>{{cite web|url=https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchopneumonia#causes|title=Bronchopneumonia: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment|website=[[HealthLine]]|author=Janelle Martel and Rachel Nall}} Medically reviewed by Gerhard Whitworth, RN, on April 19, 2019</ref> |
Bronchopneumonia is usually a [[bacterial pneumonia]] rather than being caused by [[viral disease]].<ref name=helathline>{{cite web|url=https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchopneumonia#causes|title=Bronchopneumonia: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment|website=[[HealthLine]]|author=Janelle Martel and Rachel Nall}} Medically reviewed by Gerhard Whitworth, RN, on April 19, 2019</ref> |
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Revision as of 12:53, 8 January 2020
| Bronchopneumonia | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Bronchial pneumonia, bronchogenic pneumonia |
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| Typical distribution of lobar pneumonia (left in image) and bronchopneumonia (right in image) | |
| Specialty | Pulmonology, infectious disease |
Bronchopneumonia is a subtype of pneumonia. It is the acute inflammation of the bronchi, accompanied by inflamed patches in the nearby lobules of the lungs.[1]
It is often contrasted with lobar pneumonia but in clinical practice the types are difficult to apply, as the patterns usually overlap. Bronchopneumonia (lobular) often leads to lobar pneumonia as the infection progresses. The same organism may cause one type of pneumonia in one patient, and another in a different patient.
Causes
Bronchopneumonia is usually a bacterial pneumonia rather than being caused by viral disease.[3]
It is more commonly a hospital-acquired pneumonia than a community-acquired pneumonia, in contrast to lobar pneumonia.[4]
Bronchopneumonia is less likely than lobar pneumonia to be associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae.[5]
The bronchopneumonia pattern has been associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia, and with specific organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, E. coli and Pseudomonas.[6]
Pathology
Multiple foci of consolidation are present in the basal lobes of the human lung, often bilateral. These lesions are 2–4 cm in diameter, grey-yellow, dry, often centered on a bronchiole, poorly delimited, and with the tendency to confluence, especially in children.
A focus of inflammatory condensation is centered on a bronchiole with acute bronchiolitis (suppurative exudate - pus - in the lumen and parietal inflammation). Alveolar lumens surrounding the bronchiole are filled with neutrophils ("leukocytic alveolitis"). Massive congestion is present. Inflammatory foci are separated by normal, aerated parenchyma.
Treatment
The association between the bronchopneumonia pattern and hospital-acquired pneumonia may warrant a consideration of multiple drug resistance in the choice of antibiotics.
See also
References
- ^ "bronchopneumonia". YourDictionary. Retrieved 2020-01-08. citing: Webster's New World College Dictionary, Fifth Edition, Copyright 2014
- ^ Franquet, Tomás; Chung, Johnathan H. (2019). "Imaging of Pulmonary Infection". Part of the IDKD Springer Series book series (IDKD): 65–77. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11149-6_7. ISSN 2523-7829.
-"This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)" - ^ Janelle Martel and Rachel Nall. "Bronchopneumonia: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment". HealthLine. Medically reviewed by Gerhard Whitworth, RN, on April 19, 2019
- ^ Reynolds, J H; Mcdonald, G; Alton, H; Gordon, S B (2010). "Pneumonia in the immunocompetent patient". The British Journal of Radiology. 83 (996): 998–1009. doi:10.1259/bjr/31200593. ISSN 0007-1285.
- ^ "Lobar Pneumonia". Retrieved 2008-11-16.
- ^ "Pulmonary Pathology". Retrieved 2008-11-21.