Yukimarimo: Difference between revisions
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{{brief description| Balls of fine frost formed in Antarctica}} |
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{{brief description| Balls of fine frost formed in Antarctica}} |
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'''Yukimarimo''' are balls of fine [[frost]] formed at low temperatures on the [[Antarctic Plateau|Antarctic plateau]] during weak wind conditions. Yukimarimo were discovered in 1995 at [[Dome F]] by the 36th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-36) at temperatures of –59 to –72 °C.<ref name="Kameda1999" group="Ref"/><ref name="Kameda2007" group="Ref"/> [[Electrostatics|Electrostatic attraction]] between ice crystals explains the formation of yukimarimo at these low temperatures.<ref name = "Nelson2003" group = "Ref"/> |
'''Yukimarimo''' are balls of fine [[frost]] formed at low temperatures on the [[Antarctic Plateau|Antarctic plateau]] during weak wind conditions. Yukimarimo were discovered in 1995 at [[Dome F]] by the 36th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-36) at temperatures of –59 to –72 °C.<ref name="Kameda1999" group="Ref"/><ref name="Kameda2007" group="Ref"/> [[Electrostatics|Electrostatic attraction]] between ice crystals explains the formation of yukimarimo at these low temperatures.<ref name = "Nelson2003" group = "Ref"/> |
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To celebrate the discovery of the yukimarimo, a line of cookies were manufactured in Japan. They are available at a few stores in Japan and online [http://seigetsu.shop-pro.jp/?mode=cate&cbid=459482&csid=0]. |
To celebrate the discovery of the yukimarimo, a line of cookies were manufactured in Japan. They are available at a few stores in Japan and online [http://seigetsu.shop-pro.jp/?mode=cate&cbid=459482&csid=0]. |
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== See also == |
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*{{annotated link | Snow roller}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 19:02, 2 February 2020
Template:Brief description Yukimarimo are balls of fine frost formed at low temperatures on the Antarctic plateau during weak wind conditions. Yukimarimo were discovered in 1995 at Dome F by the 36th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-36) at temperatures of –59 to –72 °C.[Ref 1][Ref 2] Electrostatic attraction between ice crystals explains the formation of yukimarimo at these low temperatures.[Ref 3]
Name
Yukimarimo were named by T. Kameda on JARE-36 in 1995. "Yuki" means snow in Japanese, and "marimo" is a ball-like growth of water algae which the yukimarimo resemble.
Formation
During a storm on the Antarctic plateau, humidity rises above normal levels. After a storm, the temperature drops rapidly and, due to the excess humidity, hoarfrost forms on the surface of the snow. At these low temperatures, electrostatic attraction between the rapidly formed ice crystals is high, due to growth charging during formation. When a light wind blows after the formation of this hoarfrost, the hoarfrost breaks apart and the frost crystals clump together and stick due to the high electrostatic attraction and subsequent fusing of the ice crystals. They then tumble across the snow in a manner similar to tumbleweed.[Ref 3] The sizes of the yukimarimo range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter.[Ref 1]
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Yukimarimo at South Pole Station, Antarctica, in 2008 -
Yukimarimo at Concordia Station, Antarctica, in 2014
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Commercial products
To celebrate the discovery of the yukimarimo, a line of cookies were manufactured in Japan. They are available at a few stores in Japan and online [1].
See also
- Snow roller – Large snowball formed by wind action
References
- ^ a b
T. Kameda , H. Yoshimi, N. Azuma and H. Motoyama (1999). "Observation of "yukimarimo" on the snow surface of the inland plateau, Antarctic ice sheet". Journal of Glaciology. 45 (150): 394–396.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ T. Kameda (2007). "Discovery and reunion with yukimarimo" (PDF). Seppyo (Journal of Japanese Society of Snow and Ice). 69 (3): 403–407.
- ^ a b
J. Nelson; M. Baker (2003). "Charging of ice-vapor interfaces" (PDF). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions. 3: 41–73.
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