User:Mckaymclelland/sandbox: Difference between revisions
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The Prefrontal Cortex Basal Ganglia model of working memory states that the prefrontal cortex works hand-in-hand with the basal ganglia to accomplish the tasks of working memory. There have been many studies that have shown this to be the case. One study used ablation techniques in patients who had suffered from seizures and had damage to the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Researchers found that damage done to these areas of the brain resulted in decreased patients’ abilities to carry out the executive function portion of working memory. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Voytek|first=Bradley|last2=Knight|first2=Robert T.|date=2010-10-19|title=Prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia contributions to visual working memory|url=https://www.pnas.org/content/107/42/18167|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=107|issue=42|pages=18167–18172|doi=10.1073/pnas.1007277107|issn=0027-8424|pmid=20921401}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Baier|first=Bernhard|last2=Karnath|first2=Hans-Otto|last3=Dieterich|first3=Marianne|last4=Birklein|first4=Frank|last5=Heinze|first5=Carolin|last6=Müller|first6=Notger G.|date=2010-07-21|title=Keeping Memory Clear and Stable—The Contribution of Human Basal Ganglia and Prefrontal Cortex to Working Memory|url=https://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/29/9788|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|language=en|volume=30|issue=29|pages=9788–9792|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1513-10.2010|issn=0270-6474|pmid=20660261}}</ref> |
The Prefrontal Cortex Basal Ganglia model of working memory states that the prefrontal cortex works hand-in-hand with the basal ganglia to accomplish the tasks of working memory. There have been many studies that have shown this to be the case. One study used ablation techniques in patients who had suffered from seizures and had damage to the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Researchers found that damage done to these areas of the brain resulted in decreased patients’ abilities to carry out the executive function portion of working memory. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Voytek|first=Bradley|last2=Knight|first2=Robert T.|date=2010-10-19|title=Prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia contributions to visual working memory|url=https://www.pnas.org/content/107/42/18167|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=107|issue=42|pages=18167–18172|doi=10.1073/pnas.1007277107|issn=0027-8424|pmid=20921401}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Baier|first=Bernhard|last2=Karnath|first2=Hans-Otto|last3=Dieterich|first3=Marianne|last4=Birklein|first4=Frank|last5=Heinze|first5=Carolin|last6=Müller|first6=Notger G.|date=2010-07-21|title=Keeping Memory Clear and Stable—The Contribution of Human Basal Ganglia and Prefrontal Cortex to Working Memory|url=https://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/29/9788|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|language=en|volume=30|issue=29|pages=9788–9792|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1513-10.2010|issn=0270-6474|pmid=20660261}}</ref> |
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Default mode network |
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''The [[default mode network]]'', a web of brain regions that are consistently co-active when one is in a resting state<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bozhilova|first=Natali S.|last2=Michelini|first2=Giorgia|last3=Kuntsi|first3=Jonna|last4=Asherson|first4=Philip|date=2018-09-01|title=Mind wandering perspective on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763418300897|journal=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews|language=en|volume=92|pages=464–476|doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.010|issn=0149-7634}}</ref>, ''is thought to be involved in mind-wandering and internally directed thought''.''although recent work has challenged this assumption.''. |
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ADHD and mind-wandering |
ADHD and mind-wandering |
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Revision as of 04:11, 21 March 2020
Neural Physiology
The Prefrontal Cortex Basal Ganglia model of working memory states that the prefrontal cortex works hand-in-hand with the basal ganglia to accomplish the tasks of working memory. There have been many studies that have shown this to be the case. One study used ablation techniques in patients who had suffered from seizures and had damage to the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Researchers found that damage done to these areas of the brain resulted in decreased patients’ abilities to carry out the executive function portion of working memory. [1][2]
Default mode network
The default mode network, a web of brain regions that are consistently co-active when one is in a resting state[3], is thought to be involved in mind-wandering and internally directed thought.although recent work has challenged this assumption..
ADHD and mind-wandering
Mental disorders, such as ADHD, also go along with changes in different aspects of mind-wandering. Mental disorders, such as ADHD, are linked to mind-wandering. Seli et. al. found that spontaneous mind-wandering, the uncontrolled or unwarranted shifting of attention, is a characteristic of those who have ADHD. They note that deliberate mind-wandering, or the purposeful shifting of one's attention to different stimuli, is not a consistent characteristic of having ADHD because intentional shifting of cognitive capacities is not related to ADHD[4]. It should be noted, however, that mind-wandering in and of itself is not necessarily indicative of attention deficiencies. Studies show that humans typically spend 25-50% of their time thinking about thoughts irrelevant to their current situations. [5]
 | This is a user sandbox of Mckaymclelland. You can use it for testing or practicing edits. This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course. To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section. |
- ^ Voytek, Bradley; Knight, Robert T. (2010-10-19). "Prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia contributions to visual working memory". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (42): 18167–18172. doi:10.1073/pnas.1007277107. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 20921401.
- ^ Baier, Bernhard; Karnath, Hans-Otto; Dieterich, Marianne; Birklein, Frank; Heinze, Carolin; Müller, Notger G. (2010-07-21). "Keeping Memory Clear and Stable—The Contribution of Human Basal Ganglia and Prefrontal Cortex to Working Memory". Journal of Neuroscience. 30 (29): 9788–9792. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1513-10.2010. ISSN 0270-6474. PMID 20660261.
- ^ Bozhilova, Natali S.; Michelini, Giorgia; Kuntsi, Jonna; Asherson, Philip (2018-09-01). "Mind wandering perspective on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 92: 464–476. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.010. ISSN 0149-7634.
- ^ Seli, Paul; Smallwood, Jonathan; Cheyne, James Allan; Smilek, Daniel (2015-06-01). "On the relation of mind wandering and ADHD symptomatology". Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 22 (3): 629–636. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0793-0. ISSN 1531-5320.
- ^ Smallwood, Jonathan; Schooler, Jonathan W. (2015-01-03). "The Science of Mind Wandering: Empirically Navigating the Stream of Consciousness". Annual Review of Psychology. 66 (1): 487–518. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015331. ISSN 0066-4308.