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<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->'''Reynaldo Arce Mendoza''' (24 March 1917 - death) was a [[Philippine Army]] [[Brigadier general|Brig. Gen.]] officer and a member of the [[Philippine Military Academy]] (PMA) Class of 1940. He wrote the PMA alma mater song, [http://cadetslife-pma.blogspot.com/2011/08/pma-oh-hail-to-thee.html PMA O Hail to Thee]. |
<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->'''Reynaldo Arce Mendoza''' (24 March 1917 - death) was a [[Philippine Army]] [[Brigadier general|Brig. Gen.]] officer and a member of the [[Philippine Military Academy]] (PMA) Class of 1940. He wrote the PMA alma mater song, [http://cadetslife-pma.blogspot.com/2011/08/pma-oh-hail-to-thee.html PMA O Hail to Thee]. |
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After graduating from the PMA, "he saw action as a regular infantry officer immediately after Pearl Harbor in Northern Luzon and Bataan and joined the irregulars after Gen. [[Jonathan M. Wainwright (general)|Wainwright]] surrendered the [[United States Army Forces in the Far East|USAFFE]] forces to the Japanese". |
After graduating from the PMA, "he saw action as a regular infantry officer immediately after Pearl Harbor in Northern Luzon and Bataan and joined the irregulars after Gen. [[Jonathan M. Wainwright (general)|Wainwright]] surrendered the [[United States Army Forces in the Far East|USAFFE]] forces to the Japanese".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://thinkcentre.org/article.php?id=868&fbclid=IwAR1ZJKDyy0o_rDnsSm4OPtVx4NfiP_3cSbFYjgSn2_6aawEWxy8TM2_iOqM|title=Bytes, Business & Governance (22)|last=Mendoza|first=Amado Jr.|date=June 11, 2001|website=Think Centre|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> Reynaldo Mendoza was an intelligence officer the 1st Coast Artillery Battalion.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=McCoy|first=Alfred|title=Closer than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-300-19550-7|location=|pages=85, 199}}</ref> During the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines]], he served in the [[United States Army Forces in the Philippines – Northern Luzon]] (USAFIP-NL) Guerilla Unit as a staff officer.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCoy|first=Alfred|date=August 1955|title=Same Banana: Hazing and Honor at the Philippine Military Academy|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2059448|journal=Journal of Asian Studies|volume=54, no. 3|pages=709|via=JSTOR}}</ref> |
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During the [[Korean War]], Reynaldo Mendoza led one of the five [[Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea]] (PEFTOK) Battalion Combat Teams (BCT), for which he would later be presented a war hero medal by the [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|url=https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20101221/284021893478767|title=Ninoy Aquino, FVR get Korea war hero medal|date=December 21, 2010|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|access-date=|url-status=live}}</ref> |
During the [[Korean War]], Reynaldo Mendoza led one of the five [[Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea]] (PEFTOK) Battalion Combat Teams (BCT), for which he would later be presented a war hero medal by the [[South Korea|Republic of Korea]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|url=https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20101221/284021893478767|title=Ninoy Aquino, FVR get Korea war hero medal|date=December 21, 2010|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|access-date=|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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[[File:Col_Reynaldo_Mendoza.jpg|thumb|Colonel Reynaldo Mendoza - Commanding Officer 2nd BCT]]After his service in the Korean War, he would proceed to assume several public service positions such as Chief of Intelligence (G-2) and Commanding Officer in the [https://www.facebook.com/ISAFP-1393464590918389/ Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines] (ISAFP), |
[[File:Col_Reynaldo_Mendoza.jpg|thumb|Colonel Reynaldo Mendoza - Commanding Officer 2nd BCT]]After his service in the Korean War, he would proceed to assume several public service positions such as Chief of Intelligence (G-2) and Commanding Officer in the [https://www.facebook.com/ISAFP-1393464590918389/ Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines] (ISAFP),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Greitens|first=Sheena Chestnut|title=Dictators and their Secret Police|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1316505311|location=|pages=224}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1964/may1964/gr_l-16975_1964.html|title=G.R. No. L-16975|website=lawphil.net|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> [[Assistant commandant|Assistant Commandant]]<ref name=":1" /> and then [[Superintendent (education)|Superintendent]] of the PMA,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Malinis|first=Rolando C.|title=Brothers: The Untold Story of the Philippine Military Academy Matatag Class of 1971|publisher=Independent Publisher|year=2015|isbn=9781495138621|location=|pages=5}}</ref> and 4th President of the [[National Defense College of the Philippines]].<ref name=":0" /> <ref>“Strengthening Korea-Philippines Partnership Relations”, a paper presented by Dr. Amado Mendoza Jr., Professor, Department of Political Science University of the Philippines-Diliman, at the 2017 Korea-Philippines/ Korea-Asean partnership forum, Manila, Philippines. [https://upkrc.files.wordpress.com/2017/04/bufsxkrc-forum-e-proceedings.pdf] </ref> |
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On September 11, 1966 Reynaldo Mendoza was promoted from Colonel to Brigadier General. |
On September 11, 1966, Reynaldo Mendoza was promoted from Colonel to Brigadier General.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1966/11/07/official-week-in-review-september-1-september-15-1966/|title=Official Week in Review: September 1 – September 15, 1966 {{!}} GOVPH|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> |
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On August 15, 1967, [[Ferdinand Marcos|President Marcos]] retired the services of Reynaldo Mendoza, together with seven other generals who were holding key commands in the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (AFP) but were serving past the compulsory retirement period, as part of a major revamp of the armed forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1967/12/04/official-week-in-review-august-6-august-14-1967/|title=Official Week in Review: August 6 – August 14, 1967 {{!}} GOVPH|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> |
On August 15, 1967, [[Ferdinand Marcos|President Marcos]] retired the services of Reynaldo Mendoza, together with seven other generals who were holding key commands in the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] (AFP) but were serving past the compulsory retirement period, as part of a major revamp of the armed forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1967/12/04/official-week-in-review-august-6-august-14-1967/|title=Official Week in Review: August 6 – August 14, 1967 {{!}} GOVPH|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> |
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In 1985, President Marcos signed the [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1985/12/03/administrative-order-no-501-s-1985/ Administrative Order 501] to create a board of generals and colonels that will study the reorganization of the AFP. The Board included Reynaldo Mendoza, [[Fidel Ramos]], [[Fabian Ver]], [[Ernesto S. Mata|Ernesto Mata]], etc., and acted as an advisory body to Marcos on policy matters affecting the organization and management of military resources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1985/12/03/administrative-order-no-501-s-1985/|title=Administrative Order No. 501, s. 1985 {{!}} GOVPH|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> |
In 1985, President Marcos signed the [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1985/12/03/administrative-order-no-501-s-1985/ Administrative Order 501] to create a board of generals and colonels that will study the reorganization of the AFP. The Board included Reynaldo Mendoza, [[Fidel Ramos]], [[Fabian Ver]], [[Ernesto S. Mata|Ernesto Mata]], etc., and acted as an advisory body to Marcos on policy matters affecting the organization and management of military resources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1985/12/03/administrative-order-no-501-s-1985/|title=Administrative Order No. 501, s. 1985 {{!}} GOVPH|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> |
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When [[Corazon Aquino|President Aquino]] came to power in 1986, [[1986–90 Philippine coup attempts|several coup attempts]] were plotted against her during the first four years of her presidency, . Though PMA graduates such as [[Gregorio Honasan]] (Class 71) and [[Danilo Lim]] (Class 78) led some of these coups, Reynaldo Mendoza's PMA Class of 1940 denounced these.< |
When [[Corazon Aquino|President Aquino]] came to power in 1986, [[1986–90 Philippine coup attempts|several coup attempts]] were plotted against her during the first four years of her presidency, . Though PMA graduates such as [[Gregorio Honasan]] (Class 71) and [[Danilo Lim]] (Class 78) led some of these coups, Reynaldo Mendoza's PMA Class of 1940 denounced these.<ref>Mendoza, ''Golden Book'', 125, qtd. in Alfred McCoy, ''Closer than Brothers : Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy'' (Yale University Press, 1999), 340, note 3.</ref> The idea of involving their class in a coup is nothing new. |
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Three decades ago, when [[Ramon Magsaysay]] was Defense Secretary, he revamped the army, promoted exemplary officers and punished inefficient or corrupt ones. Reynaldo Mendoza and other graduates of his Class 40 led more than half (17 out of 26) Battalion Combat Teams that defeated the [[Hukbalahap]] rebellion. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-05-07-op-3387-story.html|title=In the Philippines, the CIA Has Found a Second Home|date=1989-05-07|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last=McCoy|first=Alfred|title=Closer than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-300-19550-7|location=|pages=107-109}}</ref> With half of the nation's arsenal under Class 40's control (and fears that the incumbent [[Elpidio Quirino]] will resort to fraud in the upcoming [[1953 Philippine presidential election|1953 presidential elections]]), partisans of Magsaysay, approached Reynaldo Mendoza and his class with the idea of plotting a coup in the event Magsaysay lost in a fraud. Reynaldo replied, "If you start anything like that I'm going to fight you....That's no way to fix our country."<ref>Interview with Reynaldo Mendoza, in ''Closer than Brothers : Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy'' (Yale University Press, 1999), 108, note 19.</ref> <br /> |
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Revision as of 22:45, 24 March 2020
This sandbox is in the article namespace. Either move this page into your userspace, or remove the {{User sandbox}} template. Reynaldo Arce Mendoza (24 March 1917 - death) was a Philippine Army Brig. Gen. officer and a member of the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) Class of 1940. He wrote the PMA alma mater song, PMA O Hail to Thee.
After graduating from the PMA, "he saw action as a regular infantry officer immediately after Pearl Harbor in Northern Luzon and Bataan and joined the irregulars after Gen. Wainwright surrendered the USAFFE forces to the Japanese".[1] Reynaldo Mendoza was an intelligence officer the 1st Coast Artillery Battalion.[2] During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, he served in the United States Army Forces in the Philippines – Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL) Guerilla Unit as a staff officer.[3]
During the Korean War, Reynaldo Mendoza led one of the five Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea (PEFTOK) Battalion Combat Teams (BCT), for which he would later be presented a war hero medal by the Republic of Korea.[4]
After his service in the Korean War, he would proceed to assume several public service positions such as Chief of Intelligence (G-2) and Commanding Officer in the Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP),[5] [6] Assistant Commandant[2] and then Superintendent of the PMA,[7] and 4th President of the National Defense College of the Philippines.[1] [8]
On September 11, 1966, Reynaldo Mendoza was promoted from Colonel to Brigadier General.[9]
On August 15, 1967, President Marcos retired the services of Reynaldo Mendoza, together with seven other generals who were holding key commands in the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) but were serving past the compulsory retirement period, as part of a major revamp of the armed forces.[10]
In 1985, President Marcos signed the Administrative Order 501 to create a board of generals and colonels that will study the reorganization of the AFP. The Board included Reynaldo Mendoza, Fidel Ramos, Fabian Ver, Ernesto Mata, etc., and acted as an advisory body to Marcos on policy matters affecting the organization and management of military resources.[11]
When President Aquino came to power in 1986, several coup attempts were plotted against her during the first four years of her presidency, . Though PMA graduates such as Gregorio Honasan (Class 71) and Danilo Lim (Class 78) led some of these coups, Reynaldo Mendoza's PMA Class of 1940 denounced these.[12] The idea of involving their class in a coup is nothing new.
Three decades ago, when Ramon Magsaysay was Defense Secretary, he revamped the army, promoted exemplary officers and punished inefficient or corrupt ones. Reynaldo Mendoza and other graduates of his Class 40 led more than half (17 out of 26) Battalion Combat Teams that defeated the Hukbalahap rebellion. [13] [14] With half of the nation's arsenal under Class 40's control (and fears that the incumbent Elpidio Quirino will resort to fraud in the upcoming 1953 presidential elections), partisans of Magsaysay, approached Reynaldo Mendoza and his class with the idea of plotting a coup in the event Magsaysay lost in a fraud. Reynaldo replied, "If you start anything like that I'm going to fight you....That's no way to fix our country."[15]
- ^ a b Mendoza, Amado Jr. (June 11, 2001). "Bytes, Business & Governance (22)". Think Centre.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b McCoy, Alfred (1999). Closer than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy. Yale University Press. pp. 85, 199. ISBN 978-0-300-19550-7.
- ^ McCoy, Alfred (August 1955). "Same Banana: Hazing and Honor at the Philippine Military Academy". Journal of Asian Studies. 54, no. 3: 709 – via JSTOR.
- ^ "Ninoy Aquino, FVR get Korea war hero medal". Philippine Daily Inquirer. December 21, 2010.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Greitens, Sheena Chestnut (2016). Dictators and their Secret Police. Cambridge University Press. p. 224. ISBN 978-1316505311.
- ^ "G.R. No. L-16975". lawphil.net. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
- ^ Malinis, Rolando C. (2015). Brothers: The Untold Story of the Philippine Military Academy Matatag Class of 1971. Independent Publisher. p. 5. ISBN 9781495138621.
- ^ “Strengthening Korea-Philippines Partnership Relations”, a paper presented by Dr. Amado Mendoza Jr., Professor, Department of Political Science University of the Philippines-Diliman, at the 2017 Korea-Philippines/ Korea-Asean partnership forum, Manila, Philippines. [1]
- ^ "Official Week in Review: September 1 – September 15, 1966 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
- ^ "Official Week in Review: August 6 – August 14, 1967 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
- ^ "Administrative Order No. 501, s. 1985 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
- ^ Mendoza, Golden Book, 125, qtd. in Alfred McCoy, Closer than Brothers : Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy (Yale University Press, 1999), 340, note 3.
- ^ "In the Philippines, the CIA Has Found a Second Home". Los Angeles Times. 1989-05-07. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
- ^ McCoy, Alfred (1999). Closer than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy. Yale University Press. pp. 107–109. ISBN 978-0-300-19550-7.
- ^ Interview with Reynaldo Mendoza, in Closer than Brothers : Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy (Yale University Press, 1999), 108, note 19.