Kremlin Armoury: Difference between revisions
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The '''Kremlin Armoury''',<ref group=Note>Officially called the "Armou/ory Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armou/ory Palace", the "Moscow Armou/ory", the "Armou/ory Museum", and the "Moscow Armou/ory Museum" but different from the [[Kremlin Arsenal]].</ref> ({{lang-ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest [[museum]]s of [[Moscow]], located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]], now a part of [[Moscow Kremlin Museums]]. |
The '''Kremlin Armoury''',<ref group=Note>Officially called the "Armou/ory Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armou/ory Palace", the "Moscow Armou/ory", the "Armou/ory Museum", and the "Moscow Armou/ory Museum" but different from the [[Kremlin Arsenal]].</ref> ({{lang-ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest [[museum]]s of [[Moscow]], located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]], now a part of [[Moscow Kremlin Museums]]. |
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[[File:Kremlin Armoury interior 03 by shakko.jpg|thumb|Kremlin Armoury interior]] |
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[[File:Persian Arms and Armours - Kremlin Armoury Museum Moscow.jpg|thumb|Persian Arms and Armours at the Kremlin Armoury Museum]] |
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The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars. |
The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars. |
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==History== |
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In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|title=About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [In English]|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=}}</ref> in [[Moscow]] in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844–1851 by the imperial architect [[Konstantin Ton]]. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer [[Alexander Veltman]]. |
In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|title=About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [In English]|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=}}</ref> in [[Moscow]] in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844–1851 by the imperial architect [[Konstantin Ton]]. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer [[Alexander Veltman]]. |
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After the [[Bolshevik Revolution]], the Armoury collection was enriched with treasures looted from the [[Patriarch]] [[sacristy]], Kremlin cathedrals, monasteries and private collections. Some of these were sold abroad on behest of [[Joseph Stalin]] in the 1930s. In 1960, the Armoury became the official museum of the Kremlin. Two years later, the Patriarch chambers and the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles were assigned to the Armoury in order to house the Applied Arts Museum. |
After the [[Bolshevik Revolution]], the Armoury collection was enriched with treasures looted from the [[Patriarch]] [[sacristy]], Kremlin cathedrals, monasteries and private collections. Some of these were sold abroad on behest of [[Joseph Stalin]] in the 1930s. In 1960, the Armoury became the official museum of the Kremlin. Two years later, the Patriarch chambers and the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles were assigned to the Armoury in order to house the Applied Arts Museum. |
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Except for large collections of Russian and European collection, the museum also holds tens of arms and armours from [[Persia]] and [[Turkey]]. |
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==Russian Diamond Fund== |
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| ⚫ | Beside the Armoury Chamber/Museum, the Kremlin Armoury is also currently home to the [[Diamond Fund|Russian Diamond Fund]]. It holds unique collections of the Russian, [[Western European]] and [[Eastern world|Eastern]] [[applied arts]] spanning the period from the 5th to the 20th centuries. Some of the highlights include the [[Imperial Crown of Russia]] by jeweller [[Jérémie Pauzié]], [[Monomakh's Cap]], the ivory throne of [[Ivan the Terrible]], and other regal thrones and [[regalia]]; the [[Orlov (diamond)|Orlov Diamond]]; the helmet of [[Yaroslav II of Vladimir|Yaroslav II]]; the [[sabre]]s of [[Kuzma Minin]] and [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitri Pozharski]]; the 12th-century [[necklace]]s from [[Ryazan]]; golden and silver tableware; articles, decorated with [[Vitreous enamel|enamel]], [[niello]] and [[engraving]]s; [[embroidery]] with gold and pearls; imperial carriages, weapons, armour, and the ''[[Memory of Azov (Fabergé egg)|Memory of Azov]]'', ''[[Bouquet of Lilies Clock (Fabergé egg)|Bouquet of Lilies Clock]]'', ''[[Trans-Siberian Railway (Fabergé egg)|Trans-Siberian Railway]]'', ''[[Clover Leaf (Fabergé egg)|Clover Leaf]]'', ''[[Moscow Kremlin (Fabergé egg)|Moscow Kremlin]]'', ''[[Alexander Palace (Fabergé egg)|Alexander Palace]]'', ''[[Standart Yacht (Fabergé egg)|Standart Yacht]]'', ''[[Alexander III Equestrian (Fabergé egg)|Alexander III Equestrian]]'', ''[[Romanov Tercentenary (Fabergé egg)|Romanov Tercentenary]]'', ''[[Steel Military (Fabergé egg)|Steel Military]]'' [[Fabergé eggs]]. The ten Fabergé eggs in the Armoury collection (all Imperial eggs) are the most Imperial eggs, and the second-most overall Fabergé eggs, owned by a single owner. |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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Revision as of 18:38, 28 March 2020
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010) |
| Kremlin Armoury or Armoury Chamber | |
|---|---|
Оружейная палата | |
 Moscow Armoury | |
 Location in the Moscow Kremlin | |
| General information | |
| Coordinates | 55°44′58.25″N 37°36′47.90″E / 55.7495139°N 37.6133056°E |
| Construction started | 1508 |
| Owner | Government of Russia |
The Kremlin Armoury,[Note 1] (Template:Lang-ru) is one of the oldest museums of Moscow, located in the Moscow Kremlin, now a part of Moscow Kremlin Museums.
The Kremlin Armoury originated as the royal arsenal in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to St Petersburg, the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite gunsmiths (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters (Simon Ushakov) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the iconography and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.
History
In 1711, Peter the Great had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, St Petersburg. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), Stables Treasury (in charge of storing harnesses and carriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the tsars). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. Alexander I of Russia nominated the Armoury as the first public museum[1] in Moscow in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until seven years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844–1851 by the imperial architect Konstantin Ton. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer Alexander Veltman.
After the Bolshevik Revolution, the Armoury collection was enriched with treasures looted from the Patriarch sacristy, Kremlin cathedrals, monasteries and private collections. Some of these were sold abroad on behest of Joseph Stalin in the 1930s. In 1960, the Armoury became the official museum of the Kremlin. Two years later, the Patriarch chambers and the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles were assigned to the Armoury in order to house the Applied Arts Museum.
Except for large collections of Russian and European collection, the museum also holds tens of arms and armours from Persia and Turkey.
Russian Diamond Fund
Beside the Armoury Chamber/Museum, the Kremlin Armoury is also currently home to the Russian Diamond Fund. It holds unique collections of the Russian, Western European and Eastern applied arts spanning the period from the 5th to the 20th centuries. Some of the highlights include the Imperial Crown of Russia by jeweller Jérémie Pauzié, Monomakh's Cap, the ivory throne of Ivan the Terrible, and other regal thrones and regalia; the Orlov Diamond; the helmet of Yaroslav II; the sabres of Kuzma Minin and Dmitri Pozharski; the 12th-century necklaces from Ryazan; golden and silver tableware; articles, decorated with enamel, niello and engravings; embroidery with gold and pearls; imperial carriages, weapons, armour, and the Memory of Azov, Bouquet of Lilies Clock, Trans-Siberian Railway, Clover Leaf, Moscow Kremlin, Alexander Palace, Standart Yacht, Alexander III Equestrian, Romanov Tercentenary, Steel Military Fabergé eggs. The ten Fabergé eggs in the Armoury collection (all Imperial eggs) are the most Imperial eggs, and the second-most overall Fabergé eggs, owned by a single owner.
Notes
- ^ Officially called the "Armou/ory Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armou/ory Palace", the "Moscow Armou/ory", the "Armou/ory Museum", and the "Moscow Armou/ory Museum" but different from the Kremlin Arsenal.
References
