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/æ/ raising in North American English^[1]
Environment			Dialect
Consonant after /æ/	Example words	New York City & New Orleans	Baltimore & Philadelphia	General US, Florida, Midland US, New England, & Western US	Canadian, Northwest US, & Upper Midwest U.S	Southern US & Black Vernacular	Great Lakes US
/m, n/	Checked: aunt, fan, ham, pants, plan, lamb, understand,^[2] etc.^{[note 1]}	[eə]^[4]		[eə~ɛə]	[ɛə~æ]	[ɛə~eə]	[eə]
/m, n/	Free: animal, ceramic, manatee, Montana, planet, Spanish,^[5] etc.^{[note 2]}	[æ]^[7]		[eə~ɛə]	[ɛə~æ]	[ɛə~eə]	[eə]
/ɡ/	Checked: bag, tag,^[8] etc.	[eə]^[9]	[æ]^[10]	[æ]	[e~ɛ~æ]	[ɛ(j)ə~æ]	[ɛə~æ]
/ɡ/	Free: dragon, magazine, etc.	[æ]^[11]		[æ]	[e~ɛ~æ]		[ɛə~æ]
/b, d, ʃ, v, z/	Checked: bad, flash, glad, grab, mad, sad,^[12] etc.^{[note 3]}	[eə]^[13]		[æ~ɛə]	[æ]		[eə~ɛə]
/f, s, θ/	Checked: ask, bath, calf, half, glass,^[14] etc.	[eə]^[15]
other environments	as, back, frank, happy, locality;^[16] etc.	[æ]^[17]
Key Here, [eə] represents a distinctly tense vowel, [ɛə] a continuous though still typically tense vowel, and [æ] a non-tense (or lax) vowel, and the symbol "~" represents a continuous system in which the vowel may vary between two pronunciations.
Footnotes Nearly all American English speakers pronounce /æŋ/ somewhere between [æŋ] and [eɪŋ], though Western speakers specifically favor [eɪŋ]. The Great Lakes dialect traditionally tenses /æ/ in all cases to at least some degree, but reversals of that tensing before non-nasal consonants (while often maintaining some of the other vowel shifts of the region) has been observed recently where it has been studied (in Lansing and Syracuse). In American phonology, /æ/ before /r/ is often transcribed as /ɛ/ due to the prevalence of the Mary–marry merger. However, a distinct /æ/ before /r/ remains in much of the Northeastern U.S. (strongest in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia, and Baltimore) and some of the Southern U.S.

TENSE": magic, imagine,

^ Labov, William; Ash, Sharon; Boberg, Charles (2006). The Atlas of North American English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 182. ISBN 3-11-016746-8.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, p. 238.
^ Labov, 2006, p. 173.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Trager, George L. (1940) One Phonemic Entity Becomes Two: The Case of 'Short A' in American Speech: 3rd ed. Vol. 15: Duke UP. 256. Print.
^ Labov, 2006, p. 173.
^ Labov, 2006, p. 174.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.
^ Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] Labov, William; Ash, Sharon; Boberg, Charles (2006). The Atlas of North American English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 182. ISBN 3-11-016746-8.

[2] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[3] Labov, 2006, p. 238.

[5] Labov, 2006, p. 173.

[6] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[7] Trager, George L. (1940) One Phonemic Entity Becomes Two: The Case of 'Short A' in American Speech: 3rd ed. Vol. 15: Duke UP. 256. Print.

[9] Labov, 2006, p. 173.

[10] Labov, 2006, p. 174.

[11] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[12] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[13] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[14] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[16] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[17] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[18] Labov, 2006, pp. 173.

[19] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

[20] Labov, 2006, pp. 173-4.

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@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 ! [[Mid-Atlantic American English|Baltimore & Philadelphia]]
 ! [[General American|General US]], [[Florida]], [[Midland American English|Midland US]], [[New England English|New England]], & [[Western American English|Western US]]
-! [[Canadian English|Canadian]], [[Mountain states|Northern Mountain US]], & [[North-Central American English|Upper Midwestern U.S]]
+! [[Canadian English|Canadian]], [[Pacific Northwest English|Northwest US]], & [[North-Central American English|Upper Midwest U.S]]
 ! [[Southern American English|Southern US]] & [[African American Vernacular English|Black Vernacular]]
 ! [[Inland North|Great Lakes US]]