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| map_caption = Legislative Assembly after the election
| map_caption = Legislative Assembly after the election
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The '''1898 New South Wales colonial election''' was held on 27 July 1898 for all of the 125 seats in the 18th [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] and it was conducted in single-member constituencies with a [[first past the post]] voting system. Section 23 (1) of the Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act of 1893 conferred a right to vote on 'every male person, being a natural born [British] subject, who shall have resided or had his principal
The '''1898 New South Wales colonial election''' was held on 27 July 1898 for all of the 125 seats in the 18th [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] and it was conducted in single-member constituencies with a [[first past the post]] voting system. Section 23 (1) of the Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act of 1893 conferred a right to vote on 'every male person, being a natural born [British] subject, who shall have resided or had his principal place of abode in New South Wales for a continuous period of one year'. The 18th parliament of New South Wales was dissolved on 8 July 1898 by the [[Governor of New South Wales|Governor]], [[Henry Brand, 2nd Viscount Hampden|Lord Hampden]], on the advice of the [[Premier of New South Wales|Premier]], [[George Reid (Australian politician)|George Reid]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Part 5B - Members returned for each electorate |work=New South Wales Parliamentary Record |url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/Documents/Part%205B%20-%20Members%20returned%20for%20each%20electorate.pdf |publisher=[[Parliament of New South Wales]] |accessdate=14 April 2020 |df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Former Members |publisher=[[Parliament of New South Wales]] |url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/pages/former-members-index.aspx |accessdate=14 April 2020 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
place of abode in New South Wales for a continuous period of one year'. The 18th parliament of New South Wales was dissolved on 8 July 1898 by the [[Governor of New South Wales|Governor]], [[Henry Brand, 2nd Viscount Hampden|Lord Hampden]], on the advice of the [[Premier of New South Wales|Premier]], [[George Reid (Australian politician)|George Reid]].


The [[Protectionist Party]], the main Opposition, contested this election under the name "National Federal Party", reflecting the party's focus on [[Federation of Australia|Federation]] as an issue at the election.
The [[Protectionist Party]], the main Opposition, contested this election under the name "National Federal Party", reflecting the party's focus on [[Federation of Australia|Federation]] as an issue at the election.
Line 80: Line 79:


==Results==
==Results==
<noinclude>{{main|Results of the 1898 New South Wales colonial election}}</noinclude>
<section begin=Results />{{Australian elections/Title row
<section begin=Results />{{Australian elections/Title row
<includeonly>| table style = float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em;</includeonly>
<includeonly>| table style = float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em;</includeonly>
| title = New South Wales colonial election, 27 July 1898&#8202;<ref name="Green 1898">{{cite web |first=Antony |last=Green |authorlink=Antony Green |title=1898 election totals |url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/electionresults18562007/1898/Totals.htm |work=New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007 |publisher=[[Parliament of New South Wales]] |access-date=18 September 2019}}</ref>
| title = New South Wales colonial election, 27 July 1898&#8202;<ref name="Green 1898">{{cite NSW election |title=1898 election totals |year=1898 |district=Totals |access-date=18 September 2019}}</ref>
| house = [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]
| house = [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]
| series = New South Wales colonial election
| series = New South Wales colonial election
Line 157: Line 157:
}}
}}
|}<section end=Results />
|}<section end=Results />

==Retiring members==
{{transcluded section2|source=Candidates of the 1898 New South Wales colonial election|section=Retiring members}}

==Changing seats==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="7" | Seats changing hands {{efn|Compares members at the 1895 election and the 1898 election and does not include seats that changed party as a result of a by-election.}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | Seat
! colspan="3" | ''1898''
! colspan="3" | ''1901''
|-
! colspan="2" | Party
! Member
! colspan="2" | Party
! Member
|-
| [[Electoral district of Albury|Albury]]
| {{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Free Trade}}
| [[Richard Ball (Australian politician)|Richard Ball]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|National federal}}
| [[Thomas Griffith (Australian politician)|Thomas Griffith]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Armidale|Armidale]]
| {{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Free Trade}}
| [[Edmund Lonsdale]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Charles Wilson (Australian politician)|Charles Wilson]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Ashfield|Ashfield]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Thomas Bavister]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Bernhard Wise]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Bathurst|Bathurst]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Sydney Smith (Australian politician)|Sydney Smith]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Francis Bathurst Suttor|Francis Suttor]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Bourke|Bourke]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Edward Millen]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[William Walter Davis|William Davis]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Burwood (New South Wales)|Burwood]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[William McMillan (Australian politician)|William McMillan]]
| {{Australian party style|Independent Free Trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Independent Free Trade}}
| [[William Archer (New South Wales politician)|William Archer]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Camden|Camden]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Charles Bull (politician)|Charles Bull]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[John Kidd (politician)|John Kidd]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Cobar|Cobar]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Thomas Waddell]] {{efn|[[Thomas Waddell]] successfully contested [[Results of the 1898 New South Wales colonial election#Cowra|Cowra]].}}
| {{Australian party style|Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Labour NSW}}
| [[William Spence]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Darlington|Darlington]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[William Schey]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Thomas Clarke (Australian politician)|Thomas Clarke]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Durham|Durham]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Herbert Brown (Australian politician)|Herbert Brown]]
| {{Australian party style|independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent federalist}}
| [[Walter Bennett (politician)|Walter Bennett]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Granville|Granville]]
| {{Australian party style|Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Labour NSW}}
| [[George Smailes]] {{efn|name=No contest|Did not contest the election.}}
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[John Nobbs]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Grenfell|Grenfell]]
| {{Australian party style|Independent Free Trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Independent Free Trade}}
| [[George Greene (Australian politician)|George Greene]] {{efn|name=No contest}}
| {{Australian party style|Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Labour NSW}}
| [[William Holman]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Mudgee|Mudgee]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Robert Jones (Australian politician)|Robert Jones]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Edwin Richards (politician)|Edwin Richards]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Narrabri|Narrabri]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Charles Collins (New South Wales politician)|Charles Collins]] {{efn|[[Charles Collins (New South Wales politician)|Charles Collins]] (Free Trade) died in 1898 and [[Hugh Murdoch Ross|Hugh Ross]] (Labour) had won the seat in a [[1898 Narrabri colonial by-election|by-election]].}}
| {{Australian party style|Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Labour NSW}}
| [[Hugh Murdoch Ross|Hugh Ross]]
|-

| [[Electoral district of Nepean|The Nepean]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Thomas Richard Smith|Thomas Smith]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Samuel Lees]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Northumberland|Northumberland]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Henry Wheeler (politician)|Henry Wheeler]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Richard Stevenson (Australian politician)|Richard Stevenson]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Parramatta|Parramatta]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Dowell O%27Reilly|Dowell O'Reilly]]
| {{Australian party style|independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent federalist}}
| [[William Ferris (politician)|William Ferris]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Petersham|Petersham]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Llewellyn Jones (Australian politician)|Llewellyn Jones]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[John Cohen (Australian politician)|John Cohen]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Ryde|Ryde]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Frank Farnell]]
| {{Australian party style|independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent federalist}}
| [[Edward Terry (politician)|Edward Terry]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Sherbrooke|Sherbrooke]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Jacob Garrard]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Broughton O'Conor|Broughton O'Conor]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Shoalhaven|The Shoalhaven]]
| {{Australian party style|independent free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent free trade}}
| [[Philip Morton (politician)|Philip Morton]] {{efn|[[Philip Morton (politician)|Philip Morton]] had been elected as an Independent Free Trader but changed to National Federal.}}
| {{Australian party style|independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent federalist}}
| [[David Davis (New South Wales politician)|David Davis]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Singleton|Singleton]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Albert Gould]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Charles Dight (New South Wales politician)|Charles Dight]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Sydney-Bligh|Sydney-Bligh]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[James Harvey (Australian politician)|James Harvey]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Patrick Quinn (Australian politician)|Patrick Quinn]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Sydney-Fitzroy|Sydney-Fitzroy]]
| {{Australian party style|independent free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent free trade}}
| [[John McElhone]] {{efn|[[John McElhone]] (Independent Free Trade) died in 1898 and [[John Norton (journalist)|John Norton]] (National Federal) had won the seat in a [[1898 Sydney-Fitzroy colonial by-election|by-election]].}}
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Henry Chapman (New South Wales politician)|Henry Chapman]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Sydney-Gipps|Sydney-Gipps]]
| {{Australian party style|Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Labour NSW}}
| [[George Black (Australian politician)|George Black]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Wilfred Spruson]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Tamworth|Tamworth]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Albert Piddington]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[William Sawers]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Tumut|Tumut]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Travers Jones]]
| {{Australian party style|Independent}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Independent}}
| [[Robert Donaldson (politician)|Robert Donaldson]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Tweed|The Tweed]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Joseph Kelly (New South Wales politician)|Joseph Kelly]]
| {{Australian party style|Independent}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Independent}}
| [[Richard Meagher]]
|-
! colspan="7" | Members changing party
|-
! rowspan="2" | Seat
! colspan="3" | ''1898''
! colspan="3" | ''1901''
|-
! colspan="2" | Party
! Member
! colspan="2" | Party
! Member
|-
| [[Electoral district of Bega|Bega]]
| {{Australian party style|independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent federalist}}
| [[Henry Clarke (Australian politician)|Henry Clarke]]
| {{Australian party style|National federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|National federal}}
| [[Henry Clarke (Australian politician)|Henry Clarke]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Paddington (New South Wales)|Paddington]]
| {{Australian party style|independent free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent free trade}}
| [[John Neild]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[John Neild]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Quirindi|Quirindi]]
| {{Australian party style|National federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|National federal}}
| [[Robert Levien]]
| {{Australian party style|independent}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent}}
| [[Robert Levien]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Raleigh|Raleigh]]
| {{Australian party style|Independent federalist}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|Independent federalist}}
| [[John McLaughlin (Australian politician)|John McLaughlin]]
| {{Australian party style|independent}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent}}
| [[John McLaughlin (Australian politician)|John McLaughlin]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Uralla-Walcha|Uralla-Walcha]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[William Henry Piddington|William Piddington]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[William Henry Piddington|William Piddington]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Warringah|Warringah]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[Dugald Thomson]]
| {{Australian party style|national federal}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|national federal}}
| [[Dugald Thomson]]
|-
| [[Electoral district of Woronora|Woronora]]
| {{Australian party style|independent Labour NSW}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|independent Labour NSW}}
| [[John Nicholson (New South Wales politician)|John Nicholson]]
| {{Australian party style|free trade}}|&nbsp;
| {{Australian politics/name|free trade}}
| [[John Nicholson (New South Wales politician)|John Nicholson]] {{efn|This was the only election at which [[John Nicholson (New South Wales politician)|John Nicholson]] was listed as a Free Trade member and [[Antony Green]] suggests he may have been better classified as Independent Labour.<ref name="Green 1898 Woronora">{{cite NSW election |year=1898 |district=Woronora |accessdate=8 April 2020}}</ref>}}
|}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
*{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/pages/former-members-index.aspx|title=Former members of the New South Wales Parliament, 1856-2006|publisher=New South Wales Parliament|accessdate=2012-07-08}}


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 12:18, 14 April 2020

1898 New South Wales colonial election
← 1895 27 July 1898 (1898-07-27) 1901 →
All 125 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
63 Assembly seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader William Lyne George Reid James McGowen
Party National Federal Free Trade Labor Electoral League
Leader since 1895 September 1891 August 1894
Leader's seat Hume Sydney-King Redfern
Last election 42 seats 58 seats 18 seats
Seats won 52 seats 45 seats 19 seats
Seat change Increase10 Decrease13 Increase1
Percentage 43.03% 32.89 12.18%
Swing Increase9.60 Decrease4.26 Decrease1.02
Legislative Assembly after the election
Premier before election

George Reid
Free Trade

Elected Premier

George Reid
Free Trade

The 1898 New South Wales colonial election was held on 27 July 1898 for all of the 125 seats in the 18th New South Wales Legislative Assembly and it was conducted in single-member constituencies with a first past the post voting system. Section 23 (1) of the Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act of 1893 conferred a right to vote on 'every male person, being a natural born [British] subject, who shall have resided or had his principal place of abode in New South Wales for a continuous period of one year'. The 18th parliament of New South Wales was dissolved on 8 July 1898 by the Governor, Lord Hampden, on the advice of the Premier, George Reid.[1][2]

The Protectionist Party, the main Opposition, contested this election under the name "National Federal Party", reflecting the party's focus on Federation as an issue at the election.

Key dates

Date Event
8 July 1898 The Legislative Assembly was dissolved, and writs were issued by the Governor to proceed with an election.
18 – 22 July 1898 Nominations for candidates for the election closed at noon.
27 July 1898 Polling day.
16 August 1898 Opening of 18th Parliament.

Results

Main article: Results of the 1898 New South Wales colonial election

New South Wales colonial election, 27 July 1898 [3]
Legislative Assembly
<< 1895–1901 >>

Enrolled voters 301,989
Votes cast 176,998 Turnout 58.61 −1.31
Informal votes 1,638 Informal 0.92 +0.04
Summary of votes by party
Party Primary votes % Swing Seats Change
  National Federal 76,161 43.03 +9.60 52 +10
  Free Trade 58,214 32.89 −4.26 45 −13
  Labour 21,556 12.18 −1.02 19 +1
  Independent Federalist 12,443 7.03 +2.71 4 +2
  Independent 5,290 2.99 −0.38 4 +4
  Ind. Free Trade 3,325 1.88 −5.44 1 −3
  Independent Labour 9 0.01 −1.21 0 −1
Total 176,998     125  

Retiring members

Template:Transcluded section2

Changing seats

Seats changing hands [a]
Seat 1898 1901
Party Member Party Member
Albury   Free Trade Richard Ball   National Federal Thomas Griffith
Armidale   Free Trade Edmund Lonsdale   National Federal Charles Wilson
Ashfield   Free Trade Thomas Bavister   National Federal Bernhard Wise
Bathurst   Free Trade Sydney Smith   National Federal Francis Suttor
Bourke   Free Trade Edward Millen   National Federal William Davis
Burwood   Free Trade William McMillan   Ind. Free Trade William Archer
Camden   Free Trade Charles Bull   National Federal John Kidd
Cobar   National Federal Thomas Waddell [b]   Labour William Spence
Darlington   National Federal William Schey   Free Trade Thomas Clarke
Durham   National Federal Herbert Brown   Independent Federalist Walter Bennett
Granville   Labour George Smailes [c]   Free Trade John Nobbs
Grenfell   Ind. Free Trade George Greene [c]   Labour William Holman
Mudgee   Free Trade Robert Jones   National Federal Edwin Richards
Narrabri   Free Trade Charles Collins [d]   Labour Hugh Ross
The Nepean   National Federal Thomas Smith   Free Trade Samuel Lees
Northumberland   Free Trade Henry Wheeler   National Federal Richard Stevenson
Parramatta   Free Trade Dowell O'Reilly   Independent Federalist William Ferris
Petersham   Free Trade Llewellyn Jones   National Federal John Cohen
Ryde   Free Trade Frank Farnell   Independent Federalist Edward Terry
Sherbrooke   Free Trade Jacob Garrard   National Federal Broughton O'Conor
The Shoalhaven   Ind. Free Trade Philip Morton [e]   Independent Federalist David Davis
Singleton   Free Trade Albert Gould   National Federal Charles Dight
Sydney-Bligh   Free Trade James Harvey   National Federal Patrick Quinn
Sydney-Fitzroy   Ind. Free Trade John McElhone [f]   Free Trade Henry Chapman
Sydney-Gipps   Labour George Black   National Federal Wilfred Spruson
Tamworth   Free Trade Albert Piddington   National Federal William Sawers
Tumut   National Federal Travers Jones   Independent Robert Donaldson
The Tweed   National Federal Joseph Kelly   Independent Richard Meagher
Members changing party
Seat 1898 1901
Party Member Party Member
Bega   Independent Federalist Henry Clarke   National Federal Henry Clarke
Paddington   Ind. Free Trade John Neild   Free Trade John Neild
Quirindi   National Federal Robert Levien   Independent Robert Levien
Raleigh   Independent Federalist John McLaughlin   Independent John McLaughlin
Uralla-Walcha   Free Trade William Piddington   National Federal William Piddington
Warringah   Free Trade Dugald Thomson   National Federal Dugald Thomson
Woronora   Independent Labour John Nicholson   Free Trade John Nicholson [g]

Notes

  1. ^ Compares members at the 1895 election and the 1898 election and does not include seats that changed party as a result of a by-election.
  2. ^ Thomas Waddell successfully contested Cowra.
  3. ^ a b Did not contest the election.
  4. ^ Charles Collins (Free Trade) died in 1898 and Hugh Ross (Labour) had won the seat in a by-election.
  5. ^ Philip Morton had been elected as an Independent Free Trader but changed to National Federal.
  6. ^ John McElhone (Independent Free Trade) died in 1898 and John Norton (National Federal) had won the seat in a by-election.
  7. ^ This was the only election at which John Nicholson was listed as a Free Trade member and Antony Green suggests he may have been better classified as Independent Labour.[4]

References

  1. ^ "Part 5B - Members returned for each electorate" (PDF). New South Wales Parliamentary Record. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Former Members". Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  3. ^ Green, Antony. "1898 election totals". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
  4. ^ Green, Antony. "1898 Woronora". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 8 April 2020.

See also

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