2020 South Korean legislative election: Difference between revisions
| Line 312: | Line 312: | ||
|bgcolor={{Saenuri Party (2017)/meta/color}}| ||align=left|[[Saenuri Party (2017)|Saenuri Party]]|| || || 0|| ||80,208||0.28|| 0 || || 0 || || 0 || 0 |
|bgcolor={{Saenuri Party (2017)/meta/color}}| ||align=left|[[Saenuri Party (2017)|Saenuri Party]]|| || || 0|| ||80,208||0.28|| 0 || || 0 || || 0 || 0 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|bgcolor=#7F7777| ||align=left|[[:ko:우리당 (2020년)| |
|bgcolor=#7F7777| ||align=left|[[:ko:우리당 (2020년)|Our Party]]|| || || 0|| ||6,773||0.02|| 0 || || 0 || || 0 || 0 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|bgcolor=#E50112| ||align=left|[[:ko:자유당 (대한민국, 2020년)|Liberty Party]]|| || || 0|| ||20,599||0.07|| 0 || || 0 || || 0 || 0 |
|bgcolor=#E50112| ||align=left|[[:ko:자유당 (대한민국, 2020년)|Liberty Party]]|| || || 0|| ||20,599||0.07|| 0 || || 0 || || 0 || 0 |
||
Revision as of 08:42, 16 April 2020
 | This article documents a current election. Information may change rapidly as the election progresses until official results have been published. Initial news reports may be unreliable, and the last updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. |
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 300 seats in the National Assembly 151 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnout | 66.2% ( 8.2 pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.png)
.png)
.jpg)
.png)
.png)
| This article is part of a series on |
 |
|---|
South Korea's 21st legislative elections were held on 15 April 2020. All 300 members of the National Assembly were elected, 253 from first-past-the-post constituencies and 47 from proportional party lists.
The election was a landslide victory for the liberal Democratic Party which defeated the conservative United Future Party. The Democratic Party and its satellite party, the Together Citizens' Party, won 180 out of 300 seats — which guaranteed the ruling liberal alliance near-absolute control over the legislative process. The Democratic Party alone won 163 seats — the highest number by any party since 1960. The conservative alliance between the United Future Party and the Future Korea Party won only 103 seats, making this the worst conservative result since 1960.
The 2020 legislative elections were the first to be held under the new electoral system voted in 2020 due to the electoral reforms proposed by incumbent president Moon Jae-in.[1]
Electoral system
300 members of the National Assembly were elected in the 2016 elections, of whom 253 (84%) were elected from single-member constituencies on a first-past-the-post basis, and 47 (16%) from closed party lists through proportional representation by the Hare quota largest remainder method, in accordance with South Korea's Public Official Election Act.[2] To win seats through proportional representation, parties needed to pass an election threshold of either 5 single-member districts or 3% of the total list vote.[3]
Restrictions on candidates
Candidates for the National Assembly were required to pay a fee of 15,000,000 South Korean won (US$14,000 as of December 2017), and under the National Security Act the Constitutional Court may block the registration of "left-wing", "pro–North Korean" parties, though this provision has not affected recent elections.[4]
Date and process
The 2020 election for the National Assembly will be held on 15 April, in accordance with Article 34 of the Public Official Election Act, which specifies that Election Day for legislative elections is held on "the first Wednesday from the 50th day before the expiration of the National Assembly members term of office".[5] Eligible voters are required to be registered and at least 18 years old on the day of the election,[4] and need to show an approved form of identification at the polling place. Polls on Election Day will be open from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Korea Standard Time (21:00–09:00 UTC, 14–15 April).[6]
Since 2009, voters have been able to vote overseas.[4] The electorates can also cast early votes at polling stations in Korea without prior notice.[7]
Fast-track controversy and Assembly violence
The legislative process of changing the election law, ongoing since February 2019, based on the 85th Article of the National Assembly law so called 'Fasttrack' was considered controversial by the main opposition Liberty Korea Party party and also by Bareunmirae Party member Yoo Seong-min, due to the absence of agreement between all parties.[8] Sohn Hak-kyu, the leader of the Bareunmirae, and his decision to dismiss his fellow standing committee member Oh Shin-hwan, to pass the "Fasttrack" has stirred up legal controversy.[9][10] The Prosecution Service, however, declared Sohn's legal actions were not applicable to criminal charges.[11]
Physical disruption of the National Assembly Secretariat made by Liberty Korea Party on April 2019, in order to interrupt the legal maneuver has been a subject of investigation, as violence in the National Assembly, and violation of the National Assembly law by the Prosecution Service.[12][13][14][15] The Prosecution Service indicted several important members of the LKP, including leader Hwang Kyo-ahn and floor leader Na Kyung-won at the time, for criminal charges, mainly violence and violation of order.[11] The indictment also included Democratic Party of Korea members.
Electoral reform
Blue: 30, Party-list proportional (compensatory)
Green: 17, Party-list proportional (parallel)
An election reform bill, including a hybrid of the mixed-member proportional and mixed member majoritarian (also known as the Additional Member System and Parallel Vote, respectively) systems, was passed on 27 December, despite physical obstruction in the Assembly voting area by the Liberty Korea Party. The eventual number of directly elected seats and proportional representation (PR) slots will be kept at 253 and 47, respectively, in the 300-member National Assembly according to the new law. However, the majority of PR seats will be switched from a parallel system to a compensatory one.[16]
Not all PR seats will be distributed in a compensatory manner, however, with 17 of the 47 PR seats being distributed under the old parallel voting system, without reference to seats won at the constituency level, and the remaining 30 seats being distributed in the new compensatory system.[17]
Reactions
The main opposition Liberty Korea Party opposed the move and declared its plan to set up a satellite party to deal with the new election system changes.[18] The satellite party would then become affiliated to the United Future Party after it was formed through a merger of the LKP and other conservative parties. The Democratic Party would soon follow suit and create their own satellite party.
Parties and candidates
Both major parties split to take advantage of the new partial mixed-member proportional electoral system put in place since the prior elections, with the main party only running in the constituencies (all their seats being therefore counted as overhang seats), and the satellite party only running for the proportional bloc seats (all seats therefore being filled with party lists).[19]
The parties are sorted by their current number of seats (prior to the election).
Parties not represented in the current National Assembly but plan on running candidates include:
- The Green Party Korea (녹색당), a green political party.
- The Labor Party (노동당), a democratic socialist political party.
- The Women's Party, a feminist political party.
- The Basic Income Party, a single-issue party split from the Labor Party (노동당) to campaign for universal basic income.
- Future Party, a youth-led centre-left to left-wing political party founded in 2017, focusing more on youth voting, outreach, and campaigning.
- National Revolutionary Dividends Party, a third position populist and anti-corruption political party.
Opinion polls
Results
See also
References
- ^ "지방선거 득실 계산… 민주당-한국당, 접점없는 '개헌' 대치". The Dong-a Ilbo. Naver. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
- ^ Article 189, subsection (3), Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "Election Districts and Representation System". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- ^ a b c "South Korea". Sustainable Governance Indicators. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ Article 34, Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "National Assembly elections: April 13, 2016". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- ^ Lee, Rachel (8 April 2016). "Early voting begins for general election". The Korea Times. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "유승민 "여야 합의 없는 선거법 개정은 다수의 횡포"". hankyung.com (in Korean). 29 April 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ "오신환 사보임 가능? 불가능?…'국회법 48조' 여야 상반된 해석". hankyung.com (in Korean). 24 April 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ "오신환 사보임 가능할까… 국회법 48조 엇갈린 해석". 한국일보 (in Korean). 24 April 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ a b MoneyToday (2 January 2020). "검찰 '패스트트랙 동물국회' 황교안·나경원 불구속 기소(상보)". m.mt.co.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 2 January 2020.
- ^ 방현덕 (26 April 2019). "패스트트랙 극한충돌, '육탄전' 이어 '고소고발전'으로 비화". 연합뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ Kim, Bo-gyung. "[KH Explains] What is behind political impasse, violence at National Assembly?". The Korean Herald. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
- ^ "검찰, 패스트트랙 직접 수사…수사대상 의원 109명". The Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). 9 September 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ Herald, The Korea (29 April 2019). "[KH Explains] What is behind political impasse, violence at National Assembly?". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ Herald, The Korea (27 December 2019). "National Assembly passes electoral reform bill". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
- ^ 김광태 (23 December 2019). "(2nd LD) Opposition party launches filibuster against electoral reform bill". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ 김수연 (24 December 2019). "Main opposition to set up satellite party for more proportional representation seats". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
- ^ "창당선언문". 2 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
External links
| Presidential elections | |
|---|---|
| Legislative elections | |
| Local elections | |
| By-elections | |
| Referendums | |
