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==Key research contributions==
==Key research contributions==


Fielde made significant contributions to myrmecology, the study of [[ants]]. In particular, she devised the 'Fielde Nest', a portable observation nest that she then used to enable precise observations of ant behaviour <ref>{{Cite journal| title = Portable Ant Nests| volume = 2| pages = 81-85| last = Fielde| first = Adele Marion| journal = Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Wood Hole| date = 1900}}</ref>, and which was also used by others including [[William Morton Wheeler]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=W.M.|title=Ants: Their Structure, Development and Behavior|url=http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/b/b1/Wheeler_1910.pdf|year=1910|series=[[Columbia University Biological Series]]|volume=9|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]}}</ref> She published over 20 papers about ants in less than 10 years <ref>{{Cite journal| title = Women's History: Adele Marion Fielde|url=http://blog.myrmecologicalnews.org/2020/03/08/womens-history-adele-marion-fielde/ |last = Gibson| first = Roberta| journal = Myrmecological News Blog| date = 2020}}</ref>. Key discoveries include demonstrating that ants use their antennae to recognise nestmates and that they react to vibrations in the ground detected via their legs, rather than 'hearing' sound travelling through the air <ref>{{Cite journal| title = The reactions of ants to material vibrations |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4062955 |last1=Fielde|first1=A.M. |last2=Parker|first2=GH. |year=1904| journal = Proceedings Acad. Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,| volume = 56 |pages = 642–649.}}</ref>.
Fielde made significant contributions to myrmecology, the study of [[ants]]. In particular, she devised the 'Fielde Nest', a portable observation nest that she then used to enable precise observations of ant behaviour <ref>{{Cite journal| title = Portable Ant Nests| volume = 2| pages = 81-85| last = Fielde| first = Adele Marion| journal = Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Wood Hole| date = 1900}}</ref>, and which was also used by others including [[William Morton Wheeler]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=W.M.|title=Ants: Their Structure, Development and Behavior|url=http://www.antwiki.org/wiki/images/b/b1/Wheeler_1910.pdf|year=1910|series=[[Columbia University Biological Series]]|volume=9|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]}}</ref> She published over 20 papers about ants in less than 10 years <ref>{{Cite journal| title = Women's History: Adele Marion Fielde|url=http://blog.myrmecologicalnews.org/2020/03/08/womens-history-adele-marion-fielde/ |last = Gibson| first = Roberta| journal = Myrmecological News Blog| date = 2020}}</ref>. Key discoveries include demonstrating that ants use their antennae to recognise nestmates <ref>{{Cite journal| title = Power of recognition among ants |url=http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/bbl/1904/7/5 |last1=Fielde|first1=A.M. |year=1904| journal = Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Wood Hole,| volume = 7 |pages = 227-250.}}</ref> and that they react to vibrations in the ground detected via their legs, rather than 'hearing' sound travelling through the air <ref>{{Cite journal| title = The reactions of ants to material vibrations |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4062955 |last1=Fielde|first1=A.M. |last2=Parker|first2=GH. |year=1904| journal = Proceedings Acad. Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,| volume = 56 |pages = 642–649.}}</ref>.


== Selected works ==
== Selected works ==

Revision as of 15:09, 27 April 2020

Adele Marion Fielde
Born
Adelia Field

(1839-03-30)March 30, 1839
East Rodman, New York
DiedFebruary 23, 1916(1916-02-23) (aged 76)
Known forThe Fielde Nest
Parent(s)Leighton Field and Sophia (Tiffany) Field
Signature

Adele Marion Fielde (March 30, 1839 – February 23, 1916)[1] was a social activist, Baptist missionary, scientist, and writer.[2][3]

Biography

Adelia Field was born in East Rodman, New York on March 30, 1839. Her parents were Leighton Field and Sophia Field. She graduated from New York State Normal School in Albany in 1860.[1]

At age 27, her fiancé went to Thailand to engage in missionary work, and she followed, only to find he had passed several weeks before her arrival.[4] She never married.[5]

In 1894, after the defeat of the women's suffrage amendment to the New York State constitution, Fielde was one of six prominent suffragists who founded the League for Political Education. She worked with other suffragists to establish the Volunteer Committee with the goal of targeting New York society, using her wealth and status she established as a missionary in China to facilitate her efforts.[5]

Key research contributions

Fielde made significant contributions to myrmecology, the study of ants. In particular, she devised the 'Fielde Nest', a portable observation nest that she then used to enable precise observations of ant behaviour [6], and which was also used by others including William Morton Wheeler.[7] She published over 20 papers about ants in less than 10 years [8]. Key discoveries include demonstrating that ants use their antennae to recognise nestmates [9] and that they react to vibrations in the ground detected via their legs, rather than 'hearing' sound travelling through the air [10].

Selected works

From the Memorial biography of Adele M. Fielde, humanitarian, by Helen Norton Stevens
  • Fielde, Adele M. (1894). A corner of Cathay: studies from life among the Chinese. New York: Macmillan and Co. Retrieved 2015-04-01.
  • Pagoda shadows : studies from life in China (3rd ed.). Boston: W.G. Corthell. 1885. Retrieved 2015-04-01.
  • Fielde, Adele M. (1914). Parliamentary procedure; a compendium of its rules compiled from the latest and highest authorities, for the use of students and for the guidance of officers and members of clubs, societies, boards, committees, and all deliberative bodies. Seattle, WA: Helen N. Stevens. Retrieved 2015-04-01.
  • Fielde, Adele M. (1883). A pronouncing and defining dictionary of the Swatow dialect, arranged according to syllables and tones. Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press. Retrieved 2015-04-01.
  • Fielde, Adele M. (1878). First Lessons in the Swatow Dialect. Swatow: Swatow Printing Office Company. Retrieved 2015-04-01.

References

  1. ^ a b Stevens, Helen Norton (1918). Memorial Biography of Adele M. Fielde: Humanitarian. Fielde Memorial Committee.
  2. ^ Tucker, Ruth A. "Adele M. Fielde". Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity. Archived from the original on 2014-04-21. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
  3. ^ Warren, Leonard (14 January 2004). Adele Marion Fielde: Feminist, Social Activist, Scientist. Routledge. ISBN 9781134488155.
  4. ^ Griffiths, Valerie (September 2008). "Biblewomen from London to China: the transnational appropriation of a female mission idea". Women's History Review. 17. no 4.: 530 – via ebscohost.[permanent dead link‍]
  5. ^ a b Santangelo, Lauren C. (Summer–Fall 2017). ""The Merry War Goes On": Elite Suffrage in Gilded Age Manhattan". Fenimore Art Museum: 349–350 – via ebscohost.
  6. ^ Fielde, Adele Marion (1900). "Portable Ant Nests". Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Wood Hole. 2: 81–85.
  7. ^ Wheeler, W.M. (1910). Ants: Their Structure, Development and Behavior (PDF). Columbia University Biological Series. Vol. 9. Columbia University Press.
  8. ^ Gibson, Roberta (2020). "Women's History: Adele Marion Fielde". Myrmecological News Blog.
  9. ^ Fielde, A.M. (1904). "Power of recognition among ants". Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Wood Hole,. 7: 227-250.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  10. ^ Fielde, A.M.; Parker, GH. (1904). "The reactions of ants to material vibrations". Proceedings Acad. Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,. 56: 642–649.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
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